Ubani uRay Dalio, umlando wokuphila, isitayela kanye nezimiso eziyisisekelo zokutshala izimali

URay Dalio ungumphathi wesikhwama sebhiliyoni saseMelika eBridgewater Associates.

Ubani uRay Dalio, impilo nomsebenzi, izimiso zakhe eziyisisekelo zokutshala imali

URay Dalio ungomunye wabantu abacebe kakhulu emhlabeni namuhla. Waziwa nje kuphela ngekhono lakhe lokwenza inzuzo, kodwa nangendlela yakhe ekhethekile yokwenza ibhizinisi. Le ndoda yazalelwa emndenini womculi we-jazz eNew York ngo-1949. Wethulwa kuma-securities eneminyaka engu-12. Ngalesi sikhathi, wathenga isabelo sakhe sokuqala. Osemusha wasebenza itoho ekilabhini yegalofu futhi wayehlale ezwa izingxoxo ezihlobene nezihloko zokuhwebelana ngamasheya. Wonge u-$300 futhi wayisebenzisela ukuthenga isitoko e-Northeast Airlines. Lapho ekhetha, wayeqondiswa imithetho emibili:

1. Kufanele kube yinkampani ehlonishwayo.
2. Inani lesheya elilodwa alikwazi ukweqa u-$5.

Kwaphela iminyaka emithathu engathathi sinyathelo esikhethekile. Inkampani ekhiphayo ibe isithola isithembiso sokuhlanganisa, okwathi ngemva kwalokho intengo yamasheya yakhuphuka isuka ku-$300 yaya ngaphezu kuka-$900. Lokhu kwabonisa uRay Dalio osemusha ukuthi kwakungenzeka ukwenza imali enhle emakethe yezibambiso, futhi lokhu kuphinde kunqume indlela yakhe yokuphila ngezinga elikhulu. Ngisho nasebusheni bakhe, umtshali-zimali omkhulu wesikhathi esizayo wazamukela njengesimiso esiyinhloko somsebenzi isidingo sokwenza izinqumo ezizimele, ukufuna iqiniso ngengqondo yakhe. Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe, uzocabangela ukuba nomqondo ovulekile, ukuzimisela ukwamukela imibono emisha yomsebenzi, imfuneko yokuphumelela ebhizinisini. Ngo-1971, waqala izifundo zakhe eHarvard Business School. Ngalesi sikhathi, wasebenza njengomabhalane e-New York Stock Exchange. Wayehweba ngamasheya, izimali, kanye nezimpahla ezithunyelwayo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa nomunye wabaqondisi beMerrill Lynch. Ngaleso sikhathi, umsebenzi wokushintshisana wawungadumile futhi abaningi babewubheka njengongathembisi. Ngo-1974, uRay Dalio waba umqondisi wezimpahla e-Dominick & Dominick LLC, ngokushesha waqhubeka nokusebenza njengomthengisi nomhwebi eShearson Hayden Stone. Ngemva kokushiya ngo-1975, waqaphela ukuthi wayeqongelele ulwazi olwanele nolwazi ukuze aqale ibhizinisi lakhe – Bridgewater Associate. Ngalesi sikhathi, wayesethole i-MBA e-Harvard Business School. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3511” align = “aligncenter” wide = “492”] Ngo-1974, uRay Dalio waba umqondisi wezimpahla e-Dominick & Dominick LLC, ngokushesha waqhubeka nokusebenza njengomthengisi nomhwebi eShearson Hayden Stone. Ngemva kokushiya ngo-1975, waqaphela ukuthi wayeqongelele ulwazi olwanele nolwazi ukuze aqale ibhizinisi lakhe – Bridgewater Associate. Ngalesi sikhathi, wayesethole i-MBA e-Harvard Business School. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3511” align = “aligncenter” wide = “492”] Ngo-1974, uRay Dalio waba umqondisi wezimpahla e-Dominick & Dominick LLC, ngokushesha waqhubeka nokusebenza njengomthengisi nomhwebi eShearson Hayden Stone. Ngemva kokushiya ngo-1975, waqaphela ukuthi wayeqongelele ulwazi olwanele nolwazi ukuze aqale ibhizinisi lakhe – Bridgewater Associate. Ngalesi sikhathi, wayesethole i-MBA e-Harvard Business School. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3511” align = “aligncenter” wide = “492”]
Headquarters Bridgewater Associate [/ amazwibela] Le nkampani isathuthuka, iba ngeyodwa yezimali ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngo-2018, inkampani yaphatha ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-160. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingcebo kaRay Dalio yadlula amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-18. Ekuqaleni, le nkampani yayinezikhathi ezinzima. UDalio kwadingeka axoshe zonke izisebenzi futhi acele uyise u-$4,000 ukuze avale izikweletu zakhe. Ngemva kwesiqalo esibi, umtshali-zimali wacabanga kabusha ngesimo sakhe sengqondo ekuphileni futhi wafika esidingweni sokulandela izimiso ezithile.

Isizathu sezinkinga zakhe esigabeni sokuqala, ubona isifiso sokuzibona elungile kunoma yisiphi isimo. Esikhathini esizayo, njengoba esho: “Ngashintsha injabulo yokuba ngilungile ngenxa yenjabulo yokuqonda iqiniso.” Ubudlelwano obunempilo eqenjini buhloselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu ukhombisa amandla akhe, futhi umbono ongcono kakhulu uyawina, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubani owuvezile.

Umtshali-zimali ubheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuzindleni. Ukholelwa ukuthi ukuphelela emoyeni kuyisisekelo sempumelelo yebhizinisi. Ngokombono wakhe, ukuzindla kumnika amandla angaphezu kokulala, kukhuthaza indlela yokudala yokuphila nomsebenzi.

Isitayela sokutshala imali sikaRay Dalio

Umtshali-zimali omkhulu wenze enkampanini yakhe izimiso ezikhethekile ezimsize ukuba azuze impumelelo yanamuhla futhi aqhubeke nokusetshenziswa namuhla. Okunye okubalulekile akubheka ngokuvuleleka. URay Dalio uzama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi bakhe banolwazi oluqondile mayelana nesimo sezindaba futhi banganquma ngokuzimela isimo sabo sengqondo ngenkampani.
Okugxilwe kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ubudlelwano phakathi kwabasebenzi ngaphakathi kwenkampani, ukudala nokuthuthukisa isiko lebhizinisi eliyingqayizivele. Lapho wenza izinqumo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi izenzakalo ngokuvamile azifani. Izinto ezifanayo ziye zenzeka esikhathini esidlule, futhi kunezifundo esingazifunda kuzo. Ngokuzifunda, unganquma amaphethini angaba yisisekelo sokwenza izinqumo esimweni esithile. Le nkampani isebenzisa amaphothifoliyo amathathu okutshalwa kwezimali ekuphathweni kwempahla: I-Alpha Ehlanzekile, Izimakethe Ezinkulu Ze-Alpha kanye Naso Sonke Isimo Sezulu. Eyokugcina yazo, iphothifoliyo yesizini yonke, ihlanganisa ingxenye enkulu yezimpahla. Iphothifoliyo kaRay Dalio iqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:

1. 40% izibopho zesikhathi eside;
2. 15% wezikweletu zesikhathi esimaphakathi;
3. 30% wamasheya ezinkampani ezahlukene;
4. 7.5% igolide;
5. U-7.5% wezimpahla zezinhlobo ezahlukene.

Lapho ephatha iphothifoliyo, u-Dalio usebenzisa isimiso sokufanisa nezimo ezifanayo esikhathini esidlule, ezama ukusebenzisa amasu asevele alethe impumelelo. Empeleni, lephothifoliyo ibonise imiphumela emihle eminyakeni edlule. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3509” align = “aligncenter” wide = “1004”]
Isembozo sencwadi eyodwa edume kakhulu kaRey Dalio “izinkinga zezikweletu ezinkulu” [/ amazwibela] Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lapho kuhlaziywa ukusebenza kwesu elinjalo, izimo ezihlukahlukene emakethe yamasheya zacatshangelwa futhi kubalwa okufanele. Isibonelo, enhlekeleleni yango-1929, iphothifoliyo yayizolahlekelwa ngama-20% kuphela, kodwa bese inxephezela lokhu kwehla. Kuyaqapheleka futhi ukuthi ngokwenzuzo, phakathi kuka-2008-2017, yadlula inkomba ye-S&P ngokwenzuzo. Izimiso Zempumelelo zika-Ray Dalio (emizuzwini engu-30): https://youtu.be/vKXk2Yhm58o Izimakethe Ezinkulu Ze-Alpha zinokugxila okwengeziwe ezimpahleni eziwuketshezi ezengeziwe. Izimakethe ezisafufusa ngokuvamile ziyagwenywa lapha. Ifana kakhulu ngesakhiwo nesikhwama sesikhwama sesimo sezulu sonke. I-Alpha ehlanzekile uma iqhathaniswa nePure Alpha Major Markets inaka kakhulu izimakethe ezisafufusa, kodwa ngokwesakhiwo yehluka kancane kuyo. Ukubuya kwe-Pure Alpha bekuyi-12% kwaze kwaba ngu-2019, kodwa kwenza ukulahlekelwa okungu-7.6% ngo-2020. URay Dalio uthe amaphothifoliyo adalwe kulindelwe ukuqhubeka kwentuthuko yezomnotho emhlabeni. Ngenxa yezinkinga ngenxa yalolu bhubhane, umtshali-zimali waqala ukunaka kakhulu izibambiso ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Ezingxoxweni zakhe, uRay Dalio ukhuluma ngesimo sakhe sengqondo ngempilo nebhizinisi:

1. Ubalula ilukuluku lakhe kanye ne-adventurism njengesizathu esikhulu sempumelelo yakhe . Enza okuthile okusha, uzama ukukuqonda futhi afunde ukusebenzisana nakho.
2. Ubiza indlela yempumelelo ngokuthi inhlanganisela yephupho kanye nokuhlola okujulile kwesimo sangempela . Uphinde akubheke njengokubalulekile lapho ubuhlungu noma ukwehluleka kwenzeka ukuze ukwazi ukunqoba inkinga ngokuthola indlela efanele ngenxa yokuhlaziya isimo.
3. Lapho eqasha izisebenzi, utusa ukunaka izindinganiso zakhe, amakhono namakhono . Ukukhetha iqembu elilungile, ungaqiniseka ukuthi abanye abasebenzi bagcwalisa abanye, benza iqembu eliphelele.
4. Ukuthathwa kwezinqumo kufanele kugweme intando yeningi nokugunyazwa . Esimweni sokuqala, kucatshangwa ukuthi umbono womuntu wonke uyigugu ngokulinganayo, kodwa empeleni lokhu akunjalo. Okwesibili kusho ukuthi umphathi yedwa owazi izimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo. E-Dalio, izinqumo zenziwa ngokuhlanganyela, kodwa imibono yalabo bantu asebevele bazibonakalise ngaphambili banesisindo esengeziwe.

Ukugxekwa kuyakhuthazwa enkampanini. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze udale isimo sokuvuleleka futhi udale umoya wokudala kakhulu lapho wenza izinqumo.

Ukubuyekezwa Kwencwadi kaRay Dalio

Umtshali-zimali uveze ukuqonda kwakhe impilo kanye nemithetho yokwenza ibhizinisi encwadini ethi “Principles. Impilo nomsebenzi. URay Dalio ubona isisekelo sempumelelo embonweni ofanele weqiniso. Kubalulekile ukuzama ukumbona ukuthi ungubani ngempela, futhi ungadlulisi izifiso zakho njengezingokoqobo. Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokwanele lezi zindaba ezilandelayo:

1. Okokuqala udinga ukunquma kahle ukuthi yiziphi izifiso. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze esikhathini esizayo kuzokwazi ukuqonda ngokunembile ukuthi yini ehambisana nabo nokuthi yini engahambisani nayo.
2. Kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi yimaphi amaqiniso anethonya elikhulu ekuzuzweni kwezinhloso. Kudingeka uzifunde njalo ukuze wazi: yini engasiza, iyini isithiyo, ukuthi zisebenza kanjani.
3. URay Dalio ugcizelela ukuzimela kokucabanga. Ukholelwa ukuthi umbono owamukelwa yiningi awulona iqiniso ngaso sonke isikhathi. Izinqumo ozenzele zona maningi amathuba okuba ziphumelele. Uma umbono womuntu uphikisana nowamukelwa ngokuvamile, lokhu akunikezi isizathu sokuwushiya ngaphandle kwezizathu ezanele.
4. Ekuzameni ukuzimela ekucabangeni, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi umbono wakhe awuwona othembisa kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukwamukela umbono womunye umuntu, uma ulunge kakhulu.

U-Dalio ukholelwa ukuthi konke ukuphila kuqukethe njalo ukwenza izinqumo ezihlukahlukene. Uqoqa ulwazi mayelana nemibandela esetshenziselwa lokhu, ayibiza ngokuthi izimiso. Eseyibonile futhi eseyithuthukisile le mithetho, wajwayelana nayo futhi wayisebenzisa enkampanini yakhe. Kuyadingeka ukufunda njalo, ungakuyeki. URay Dalio uthi ungumfundi impilo yakhe yonke futhi uhlose ukuqhubeka nokwenza lokho. Le ncwadi ichaza izimiso zayo lapho kunikezwa khona izincazelo ezinemininingwane. Lokhu kuvumela abafundi ukuthi banqume ukuthi bayifanelekela kangakanani impilo yabo nomsebenzi wabo. Encwadini elandelayo, “Izimiso Zokuphumelela,” umbhali uyaqhubeka nokukhuluma ngemibono yakhe emhlabeni kanye nezici zokwenza ibhizinisi. Igcwalisa incwadi yokuqala, ikuvumela ukuthi uqonde kangcono isu lempilo nebhizinisi lomtshali-zimali.
Incwadi entsha ka-Ray Dalio inikezelwe ekucabangeni ngesiphetho sezwe lanamuhla. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-How the World Order is Changing. Kungani izifunda ziwina futhi zehluleke. Ngokusho kombhali, ugqugquzelekile ukuthi abhale le ncwadi ngenxa yalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

1. Inani elibalulekile lesikweletu somhlaba.
2. Igebe ezingeni nendlela yokuphila phakathi kwabantu abacebe kakhulu nabavamile.
3. Amathrendi ekuthuthukisweni kobudlelwano phakathi kwamazwe aholele ekwenyukeni okukhulu kwethonya laseChina.

Incwadi edumile kaRay Dalio ethi “Big Debt Crises Coping Principles” – landa futhi ufunde ingxenye yencwadi ethi:
Big Debt Crises Coping Principles Ray Dalio – Big Debt Crises around the bend, ukubuyekezwa kwencwadi: https://youtu.be/xaPNbYkOT- 4 Umtshali-zimali ubheka isimo samanje esifana naleso esenzeka esikhathini sika-1930-1945. Uhlaziya izimo ezifanayo kuwo wonke umlando womhlaba futhi enze amaphethini entuthuko abusa umlando wamazwe athuthuke kakhulu. Ngenxa yokucutshungulwa okuningiliziwe komlando wesintu ezikhathini ezihlukahlukene, ufika emicabangweni ethile mayelana nalokho okuyolindela isintu phakathi namashumi eminyaka ezayo.