Ray Dalio ndi ndani, mbiri, kalembedwe ndi mfundo zoyambira pakuyika ndalama

Ray Dalio ndi manejala wa mabiliyoni aku America hedge fund ku Bridgewater Associates.

Ray Dalio ndi ndani, moyo ndi ntchito, mfundo zake zoyambira pakuyika ndalama

Ray Dalio ndi m’modzi mwa anthu olemera kwambiri padziko lapansi masiku ano. Iye amadziwika osati chifukwa cha luso lake lopanga phindu, komanso njira yake yapadera yochitira bizinesi. Munthu uyu anabadwira m’banja la woimba wa jazi ku New York mu 1949. Anadziwitsidwa ndi chitetezo ali ndi zaka 12. Panthawiyi, adagula gawo lake loyamba. Mnyamatayo ankagwira ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa ku kalabu ya gofu ndipo nthawi zonse ankamva zokambirana zokhudzana ndi nkhani za malonda. Adasunga $300 ndikuigwiritsa ntchito kugula katundu ku Northeast Airlines. Posankha, adatsogoleredwa ndi malamulo awiri:

1. Iyenera kukhala kampani yodziwika bwino.
2. Mtengo wagawo limodzi sungathe kupitirira $5.

Kwa zaka zitatu sanachitepo kanthu kalikonse. Kampani yomwe idaperekayo idalandira mwayi wophatikizana, pambuyo pake mtengo wagawo unakwera kuchokera pa $300 kupita ku $900. Izi zinasonyeza achinyamata a Ray Dalio kuti n’zotheka kupanga ndalama zabwino pamsika wachitetezo, ndipo izi zinatsimikiziranso njira yake ya moyo kwambiri. Ngakhale ali wachinyamata, Investor wamkulu wamtsogolo adadzivomereza yekha ngati mfundo yaikulu ya ntchito yofunikira kupanga zigamulo zodziimira, kufunafuna choonadi ndi malingaliro ake. Pa nthawi yonse ya ntchito yake, adzalingalira kukhala ndi maganizo omasuka, kufunitsitsa kuvomereza malingaliro atsopano a ntchito, chinthu chofunikira kuti apambane mu bizinesi. Mu 1971, adayamba maphunziro ake ku Harvard Business School. Panthawiyi, adagwira ntchito ngati kalaliki ku New York Stock Exchange. Ankachita malonda ndi magawo, ndalama, komanso katundu wa katundu. Izi zidachitika panthawi yophunzira ndi m’modzi mwa oyang’anira Merrill Lynch. Pa nthawiyo, kusinthana sikunali kotchuka ndipo ambiri ankaona kuti n’kosathandiza. Mu 1974, Ray Dalio adakhala director of commodities ku Dominick & Dominick LLC, posakhalitsa adayamba kugwira ntchito ngati broker ndi malonda ku Shearson Hayden Stone. Atachoka mu 1975, adazindikira kuti adapeza chidziwitso chokwanira komanso chidziwitso kuti ayambe bizinesi yake – Bridgewater Associate. Panthawiyi, anali atalandira kale MBA kuchokera ku Harvard Business School. [id id mawu = “attach_3511” align = “aligncenter” wide = “492”] Mu 1974, Ray Dalio adakhala director of commodities ku Dominick & Dominick LLC, posakhalitsa adayamba kugwira ntchito ngati broker ndi malonda ku Shearson Hayden Stone. Atachoka mu 1975, adazindikira kuti adapeza chidziwitso chokwanira komanso chidziwitso kuti ayambe bizinesi yake – Bridgewater Associate. Panthawiyi, anali atalandira kale MBA kuchokera ku Harvard Business School. [id id mawu = “attach_3511” align = “aligncenter” wide = “492”] Mu 1974, Ray Dalio adakhala director of commodities ku Dominick & Dominick LLC, posakhalitsa adayamba kugwira ntchito ngati broker ndi malonda ku Shearson Hayden Stone. Atachoka mu 1975, adazindikira kuti adapeza chidziwitso chokwanira komanso chidziwitso kuti ayambe bizinesi yake – Bridgewater Associate. Panthawiyi, anali atalandira kale MBA kuchokera ku Harvard Business School. [id id mawu = “attach_3511” align = “aligncenter” wide = “492”]
Headquarters Bridgewater Associate [/ mawu] Kampaniyi ikukulabe, kukhala imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mu 2018, kampaniyo idakwanitsa $ 160 biliyoni pazinthu. Panthawiyi, chuma cha Ray Dalio chinaposa $ 18 biliyoni. Poyamba, kampani imeneyi inali ndi nthawi zovuta. Dalio anachotsa antchito onse n’kupempha bambo ake ndalama zokwana madola 4,000 kuti athe kubweza ngongoleyo. Pambuyo pa chiyambi choipa, wogulitsa ndalamayo anasintha maganizo ake pa moyo ndipo anafika pakufunika kotsatira mfundo zina.

Chifukwa cha mavuto ake pachiyambi, amawona chikhumbo chodziwona bwino muzochitika zilizonse. M’tsogolomu, monga akunenera kuti: “Ndinasintha chimwemwe chokhala wolungama chifukwa cha chimwemwe cha kumvetsetsa chowonadi. Maubwenzi abwino mu gululi ndi cholinga chowonetsetsa kuti aliyense akuwonetsa mphamvu zake, ndipo lingaliro labwino kwambiri limapambana, mosasamala kanthu za yemwe adaziwonetsa.

Wogulitsa ndalama amawona kufunikira kwakukulu pakusinkhasinkha. Amakhulupirira kuti ungwiro wauzimu ndiye maziko a kupambana kwa bizinesi. Malingaliro ake, kusinkhasinkha kumamupatsa mphamvu zambiri kuposa kugona, kumalimbikitsa njira yolenga ya moyo ndi ntchito.

Njira yoyendetsera ndalama ya Ray Dalio

Wogulitsa ndalama wamkulu adagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zapadera zomwe zidamuthandiza kuti akwaniritse bwino masiku ano ndikupitilizabe kugwiritsidwa ntchito lero. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe amalingalira zomasuka. Ray Dalio amayesa kuwonetsetsa kuti antchito ake ali ndi chidziwitso chokhudza momwe zinthu zilili ndipo amatha kudziwa momwe amaonera kampaniyo.
Cholinga chake ndikuwongolera maubwenzi pakati pa ogwira ntchito mkati mwa kampani, kupanga ndi kukhazikitsa chikhalidwe chapadera chamakampani. Popanga zisankho, m’pofunika kuganizira kuti zochitika nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosiyana. Zinthu ngati zimenezi zakhala zikuchitika m’mbuyomo, ndipo pali phunziro limene tingaphunzirepo. Powawerenga, mutha kudziwa njira zomwe zitha kukhala maziko opangira zisankho muzochitika zinazake. Kampaniyo imagwiritsa ntchito magawo atatu oyika ndalama pakuwongolera katundu: Pure Alpha, Misika Yoyera ya Alpha Yaikulu ndi Nyengo Yonse. Otsiriza a iwo, mbiri ya nyengo zonse, imaphatikizapo zambiri za katundu. Mbiri ya Ray Dalio ili ndi magawo awa:

1. 40% zomangira zazitali;
2. 15% ngongole zapakatikati;
3. 30% magawo amakampani osiyanasiyana;
4. 7.5% golide;
5. 7.5% yazinthu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Poyang’anira mbiri, Dalio amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yofananira ndi zochitika zofanana m’mbuyomu, kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zabweretsa kale kupambana. M’zochita, mbiri iyi yawonetsa zotsatira zabwino pazaka zambiri. [id id mawu = “attach_3509” align = “aligncenter” wide = “1004”]
Chivundikiro cha buku limodzi lodziwika bwino la Rey Dalio “mavuto akulu angongole” [/ mawu] Ndizosangalatsa kuti posanthula mphamvu ya njira yotereyi, zochitika zosiyanasiyana pamsika zidaganiziridwa ndipo kuwerengera koyenera kudapangidwa. Mwachitsanzo, muvuto la 1929, mbiriyo idangotaya 20% yokha, koma kubweza izi. Ndikoyeneranso kudziwa kuti pokhudzana ndi phindu, mu 2008-2017, adagonjetsa ndondomeko ya S & P ponena za phindu. Mfundo Zachipambano za Ray Dalio (m’mphindi 30): https://youtu.be/vKXk2Yhm58o Misika Yoyera ya Alpha ili ndi chidwi chowonjezeka pazambiri zamadzimadzi. Misika yomwe ikubwera nthawi zambiri imapewedwa pano. Ndizofanana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a chikwama cha nyengo yonse. Alpha Yoyera poyerekeza ndi Misika Yoyera ya Alpha imayang’ana kwambiri misika yomwe ikubwera, koma mwamapangidwe amasiyana pang’ono ndi izo. Kubwerera kwa Pure Alpha kunali 12% mpaka 2019, koma kudatayika 7.6% mu 2020. Ray Dalio adanena kuti ma portfolio adapangidwa ndi chiyembekezo cha chitukuko chachuma padziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa cha zovuta chifukwa cha mliriwu, wogulitsa ndalamayo adayamba kuyang’ana kwambiri zotetezedwa zodalirika. M’mafunso ake, Ray Dalio amalankhula za momwe amaonera moyo ndi bizinesi:

1. Amatchula chidwi chake komanso adventurism monga chifukwa chachikulu cha kupambana kwake . Pochita china chatsopano, amayesetsa kuchimvetsa ndi kuphunzira momwe angachigwiritsire ntchito.
2. Amatcha njira yachipambano kukhala kuphatikiza kwa maloto ndi kuwunika mozama momwe zinthu zilili . Amaonanso kuti n’kofunika pamene kupweteka kapena kulephera kumachitika kuti athe kugonjetsa vutoli mwa kupeza njira yoyenera chifukwa chopenda mkhalidwewo.
3. Polemba anthu ntchito, amalangiza kuti azitsatira mfundo zake, luso lake ndi luso lake . Kusankha gulu loyenera, mutha kuonetsetsa kuti antchito ena amathandizira ena, kupanga gulu lathunthu.
4. Kupanga zisankho kuyenera kupewa demokalase ndi ulamuliro wankhanza . Pachiyambi choyamba, zimaganiziridwa kuti malingaliro a aliyense ndi ofunika mofanana, koma kwenikweni izi siziri choncho. Chachiwiri chikutanthauza kuti bwana yekha ndiye amadziwa mayankho a mafunso onse. Ku Dalio, zisankho zimapangidwa palimodzi, koma malingaliro a anthu omwe adzitsimikizira kale ali ndi kulemera kwakukulu.

Kutsutsa kumalimbikitsidwa mu kampani. Izi ndizofunikira kuti pakhale malo omasuka ndikupanga mlengalenga wolenga kwambiri popanga zisankho.

Ndemanga ya Buku la Ray Dalio

Wogulitsa ndalamayo anafotokoza kamvedwe kake ka moyo ndi malamulo a kachitidwe ka bizinesi m’buku lakuti “Principles. Moyo ndi ntchito. Ray Dalio amawona maziko opambana pamalingaliro olondola a zenizeni. Ndikofunikira kuyesa kumuwona momwe alili, osati kungonena zomwe mukufuna kukhala zenizeni. Kuti izi zitheke, chisamaliro choyenera chiyenera kuperekedwa kuzinthu izi:

1. Choyamba muyenera kudziwa zomwe zilakolako zili. Izi ndizofunikira kuti m’tsogolomu zitheke kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe zikugwirizana nazo komanso zomwe siziri.
2. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndi zenizeni ziti zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kukwaniritsa zolinga. Muyenera kuwaphunzira nthawi zonse kuti mudziwe: zomwe zingathandize, cholepheretsa ndi chiyani, momwe amagwirira ntchito.
3. Ray Dalio akugogomezera ufulu woganiza. Iye amakhulupirira kuti maganizo amene anthu ambiri amavomereza si zoona nthawi zonse. Zosankha zodzipangira yekha nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopambana. Ngati maganizo a munthu akusemphana ndi maganizo ovomerezedwa ndi anthu ambiri, izi sizipereka chifukwa chowasiya popanda zifukwa zokwanira.
4. Poyesetsa kukhala ndi ufulu woganiza, munthu sayenera kuiwala kuti maganizo ake si nthawi zonse omwe amalonjeza kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuvomereza malingaliro a wina, ngati ali olondola.

Dalio amakhulupirira kuti moyo wonse umakhala ndi zosankha zosiyanasiyana nthawi zonse. Amasonkhanitsa zambiri zokhudzana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi, zomwe amazitcha kuti mfundo. Atazindikira ndikukulitsa malamulowa, adazolowera ndikukhazikitsa pakampani yake. Ndikofunikira kuphunzira nthawi zonse, osasiya. Ray Dalio akuti ndi wophunzira moyo wonse ndipo akufuna kupitiriza kutero. Bukulo limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mfundo zake zomwe zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane. Izi zimathandiza owerenga kusankha momwe alili oyenera pamoyo wawo ndi ntchito. M’buku lotsatira, “Mfundo Zopambana,” wolemba akupitiriza kufotokoza maganizo ake pa dziko lapansi ndi zochitika zamalonda. Imakwaniritsa buku loyamba, kukulolani kuti mumvetsetse bwino njira ya moyo ndi bizinesi ya Investor.
Buku latsopano la Ray Dalio laperekedwa kuti liganizire za tsogolo la dziko lamakono. Zimatchedwa Momwe Dziko Lapansi Likusintha. Chifukwa chiyani mayiko amapambana ndikulephera. Malinga ndi wolembayo, adalimbikitsidwa kulemba bukuli pazifukwa izi:

1. Ngongole yaikulu ya dziko.
2. Kusiyana kwa msinkhu ndi moyo pakati pa anthu olemera kwambiri ndi anthu wamba.
3. Zomwe zikuchitika pakukula kwa ubale pakati pa mayiko omwe apangitsa kuti chikoka cha China chiwonjezeke.

Buku lodziwika bwino la Ray Dalio “Big Debt Crises Coping Principles” – tsitsani ndikuwerenga gawo la bukuli:
Big Debt Crises Coping Principles Ray Dalio – Big Debt Crises around the bend, review book: https://youtu.be/xaPNbYkOT- 4 Wogulitsa ndalama amawona momwe zinthu zilili pano ngati zomwe zidachitika mu 1930-1945. Amasanthula zochitika zofananira m’mbiri yonse yapadziko lapansi ndikupanga njira zachitukuko zomwe zimayendetsa mbiri yamayiko otukuka kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kupenda mwatsatanetsatane mbiri ya anthu m’nyengo zosiyanasiyana, amafika pamalingaliro ena okhudza zimene zidzayembekezere anthu m’zaka makumi angapo zikubwerazi.