Kodi ndalama zomwe zimagulitsidwa ku BPIF ndi ziti

BPIFs – ndi chiyani m’mawu osavuta komanso momwe mungagulitsire ndalama zogulitsirana, momwe mungagule pa Moscow Exchange. Kuyambira mu 2020, anthu akuchulukirachulukira pakuyika ndalama kuti atsimikizire ukalamba wopanda nkhawa kapena kungowonjezera ndalama zawo, koma ndalama zimafunikira chidziwitso. M’nkhaniyi tikukamba za BPIFs, tidzasanthula ubwino ndi kuipa kwa chida, ndikuyankhanso mafunso omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri. [id id mawu = “attach_12858” align = “aligncenter” wide = “771”]
Mitundu ya ndalama zonse[/ mawu]

BPIF ndi chiyani m’mawu osavuta

Chidule cha BPIF ndi thumba la ndalama zogulitsa malonda. Ichi ndi chida, cholinga chake chachikulu ndikupereka zobweza zambiri poyerekeza ndi madipoziti muzinthu zamabanki wamba. Ndi oyenera onse odziwa ndalama ndi oyamba kumene. Pakusinthanitsa mutha kupeza ndalama za BPIF ndi ETF, ali ndi kusiyana kumodzi kwakukulu:

1. Ma ETF ndi ndalama zomwe zimalembetsedwa kunja kwa Russian Federation, koma zimapezeka kuti zigulidwe ku Russia;
2. BPIF si yosiyana ndi yomwe idalipo kale, kupatula kuti ndalama zoterezi zimalembedwa mu Russian Federation, mbiriyo ingaphatikizepo zitetezo zamakampani ochokera kumayiko ena.

Ndikoyeneranso kudziwa kuti pali thumba lachuma – thumba la ndalama zomwe sizigulitsidwa pamsika. Kugula katundu wamtunduwu kungapangidwe mwachindunji kuchokera ku kampani yoyang’anira. Simufunikanso
akaunti yobwereketsa pa izi. https://articles.opexflow.com/investments/pif.htm Koma zitetezo za BPIF zitha kugulidwa mwachindunji pamsika. Ndikokwanira kuti wogulitsa ndalama alowe mu malonda a malonda mwachindunji kapena kudzera mwa oyimira pakati, mwachitsanzo, kudzera
Tinkoff Investments , sankhani thumba la ndalama ndikugula chiwerengero chofunikira cha magawo. Ma BPIF angaphatikizepo: magawo amakampani opindulitsa, ndalama, zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, monga golidi, komanso katundu wina. Ordinary mutual fund or exchange mutual fund – zomwe mungasankhe komanso momwe zimasiyanirana ndi zinzake: https://youtu.be/fpoDFrnvQDo

Zodabwitsa

Ma BPIF sakhala ndi kasamalidwe kogwira mtima, popeza makampani oyang’anira amakhala ndi magawo kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kungoganiza sikuli kofunikira. Nthawi zambiri kapangidwe ka thumba la ndalama sizisintha kwa zaka khumi. Kugulidwa kwa ndalama zogulira ndalama kumapangitsa kuti muzitha kuyika ndalama pazinthu zomwe sizipezeka pamisika yosinthanitsa padera. Oyambitsa ndalama amapanga malipoti nthawi zonse, kotero palibe kukayikira za kuwonekera. Komanso, m’misika yambiri yosinthira, mutha kuyang’anira momwe ntchitoyo ikuchitikira munthawi yeniyeni. [id id mawu = “attach_12856” align = “aligncenter” wide = “696”]
Chitsanzo cha kapangidwe ka BPIF[/caption] Zofunikira pamagawo oyikapo ndalama pa https://www.moex.com/a2613

Momwe BPIF imagwirira ntchito

Oyambitsa ma BPIF amapeza chuma ndi ndalama zomwe osunga ndalama adayika mu thumbali pogula magawo. Wotsirizirayo, nayenso, amakhala eni ake a zitetezo zonse mu mbiriyo. Gawo ndi chitetezo chofanana ndi gawo wamba. Mitengo yamayunitsi imapangidwa zokha, izi zimachitika tsiku lililonse, kupatula kumapeto kwa sabata. Zimadalira mtengo wa katundu yemwe ali mu thumba la thumba. Mwachitsanzo, ngati zotetezedwa za imodzi mwamakampani zidakwera kwambiri, ndiye kuti gawolo lidzakwera mtengo, izi zimachitikanso mosiyana. BPIF ndi ETF – ndizosiyana bwanji, zofanana ndi zosiyana, zabwino ndi zoyipa: https://youtu.be/4wPpZM_JmCs

Momwe mungagule BPIF

Musanayambe kugula katundu aliyense, muyenera kutsegula akaunti ya brokerage. Njira yosavuta yochitira izi ndi kudzera m’mabanki akuluakulu a pa intaneti, omwe amapereka mwayi woyika ndalama pazitetezo, mwachitsanzo:

• Tinkoff;
• Alfa Bank;
• Sberbank.

https://articles.opexflow.com/brokers/brokerskij-schet.htm Inde, pali mabanki ena, koma awa ndi otchuka kwambiri ku Russian Federation. Mukhozanso kutsegula akaunti ya brokerage mwachindunji, mwachitsanzo, pa Moscow Exchange. Sberbank exchange-traded mutual funds: kodi ndiyenera kuyika ndalama mu SBMX, SBSP, SBRB, SBCB ndi SBGB mutual funds: https://youtu.be/DBRrF-z-1do

Malangizo a pang’onopang’ono

Pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha ntchito ya
Tinkoff Investments https://www.tinkoff.ru/invest/, tisanthula momwe mungagulire magawo a thumba. Kuti mugule, lembani pulogalamuyo, kenako pitani ku gawo la “Zomwe mungagule”, ili pansi pa pulogalamuyo.
Chotsatira ndikusankha thumba, mukhoza kulipeza mu bar yofufuzira, kapena pitani ku gawo la “Ndalama”.
Ikuwonetsa ndalama zonse zomwe zingagulidwe panthawiyi. Pali kuthekera kosaka ndi njira zina, ndipo mutha kuwonanso kusintha kwamitengo yazinthu patsiku lomaliza labizinesi. Pachitsanzo cha thumba la Tinkoff Eternal Portfolio, mutha kuwona momwe kugula kwa magawo kumachitikira. Muyenera kuchipeza pamndandanda wamba kapena posaka.
Apa mutha kuwona tchati chakusintha kwamitengo kwakanthawi kochepa, komanso kudziwa bwino kapangidwe kake, cholinga ndi kapangidwe ka thumbalo mu tabu ya “Overview”. Mukhozanso kufufuza nkhani zatsopano kumeneko. Kuti mugule gawo, muyenera dinani batani lofananira la buluu.
Pambuyo pake, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo adzakhala muzogula zogulira, kumene mtengo wamakono udzakhala pakali pano. Muyenera kufotokoza chiwerengero cha maere, ndiyeno dinani “Buy” batani. Ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti ngati panthawi yomwe kusinthanitsa kulibe chiwerengero chofunikira cha magawo pamtengo woperekedwa, ndiye kuti dongosololi lidzakhala malire – maere sangagulidwe pamtengo wapamwamba kuposa womwe wapatsidwa.

Ndalama zake ndi zotani

Musaiwale za ma komisheni, popeza ma broker amapereka ntchito zolipira. Malingana ndi katundu wosankhidwa, komitiyo ikhoza kusiyana pang’ono, koma pogula magawo ambiri, wogulitsa ndalama amamva kusiyana kwake, kotero muyenera kumvetsera. Zitatu zazikuluzikulu zitha kusiyanitsa, kuwonjezera pa mtengo wagawo.

1. broker commission . Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa ndipo sizidutsa 0.1-0.3%, popeza ogulitsa ali ndi chidwi chogwirizana ndi anthu.
2. Kulipira ndalama za thumba logulitsira malonda . Sichidutsa 0.1% ya zokolola zambiri pachaka.
3. Komiti yokhazikitsidwa ndi omwe adayambitsa . Ndikofunikira kuti kampani yoyang’anira izitha kuyang’anira katundu.

Chiwongola dzanja chomwe chimapita ku zowonongera ndi kasamalidwe ka thumba nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizidwa pamtengo wagawolo. Amawerengedwa tsiku lililonse, malingana ndi mtengo wa mbiri yonse.

Za BPIFs pa MOEX https://www.moex.com/s190

Kusankha ETF

Pali njira zambiri zopangira thumba la ndalama, pafupifupi zonsezi zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi zolinga za ndalama, popeza ali ndi chiopsezo chosiyana. Zolinga zenizeni zidzakuthandizani kusankha ETF yoyenera. Mwachitsanzo, ndalama zolipirira zimatha kugwa chifukwa ali ndi katundu m’malo awo omwe amatha kulipira kugwa. Thumba loterolo limatha kutchedwa kusamala, popeza zoopsa ndi zobweza zake ndizochepa. Zoyenera kubisala kukwera kwa mitengo ndikukweza pang’ono. Ndalama zowopsa zomwe zimakhala ndi magawo ndizoyenera zolinga zanthawi yayitali. Zogulitsa zambiri zimakwera patali, koma zimatha kukhala zosasinthika kwakanthawi kochepa. Ndikofunikiranso kusankha ndalama zomwe mungasungire ndalamazo. Ku Russia, nthawi zambiri amaika ndalama mu ruble, koma malingaliro anthawi yayitali amatsitsa ndalama zadziko mwachangu. kuposa euro kapena dollar yaku US. Pali malamulo awiri akulu:

• katundu wa thumba sayenera kudalirana;
• ntchito yogula ndi kugulitsa ikhale yochepa.

Pambuyo pogula katundu, ndi bwino kuiwala za izo, popeza palibe chifukwa chowonera kukula kapena kugwa kwa magawo. Kamodzi pamwezi kapena kucheperachepera, mutha
kusintha mbiri yanu . [id id mawu = “attach_12865” align = “aligncenter” wide = “930”]
BPIF kugawa[/ mawu]

Mitundu

Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya BPIFs.

1. Tsegulani . Mtundu uwu ndi woyenera kwa oyamba kumene, mukhoza kugula ndi kugulitsa katundu pa nthawi ya ntchito popanda zoletsa. Zimatengedwa kuti ndizowopsa kwambiri, popeza wochita nawo ndalama ali ndi mphamvu zowongolera ndalama zake.
2. Nthawi . Kugula ndi kugulitsa kumaloledwa pokhapokha pazigawo zina, nthawi zambiri nthawi zingapo chaka chonse, ndipo nthawiyo sidutsa masabata awiri. Zowopsa ndi mphotho ndizokulirapo kuposa mawonekedwe otseguka, chifukwa oyambitsa amatha kuyendetsa ndalamazo ndipo osadandaula kuti osunga ndalama osaphunzira adzayamba kuchita mantha pakuwongolera kapena kutsika kwakanthawi kochepa.
3. Yotsekedwa . Mtundu uwu umatanthawuza ndalama za nthawi yaitali – osachepera zaka zingapo. Katundu sangathe kuyendetsedwa mwanjira iliyonse mpaka thumba litha.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa BPIFs

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma BPIF, wogulitsa ndalama amatha kuyikapo ndalama zambiri pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Koma chida chilichonse chili ndi zabwino zake ndi zovuta zake. Zabwino zikuphatikizapo:

• kuthekera kogula zitetezo zomwe sizili pamsika waku Russia kapena kusinthanitsa kwamasheya;
• yabwino kusiyanitsa mbiri yanu;
• ndalama zonse sizili ndi msonkho pamagulu amakampani aku Russia;
• mtengo wa gawo limodzi la BPIF zapakhomo ukhoza kukhala ma ruble angapo, omwe amakulolani kulowa ndi ndalama zochepa;
• mutha kugula katundu wakunja kudzera mu BPIFs, izi zidzakupulumutsani ku zovuta zosafunikira ndi misonkho;
• mwayi wolandira kuchotsera msonkho, malinga ndi kupezeka kwa akaunti yogulitsa munthu payekha.

Zokolola za ma BPIF aku Russia zitha kukhala zapamwamba kuposa ma ETF akunja, omwe mbiri yawo ndi yofanana. Zoyipa zake ndi izi:

• ndalama zina sizimawonekera mokwanira;
• ma komisheni akuluakulu oyambitsidwa ndi omwe adayambitsa;
• mtengo wogwirizana ndi msonkho wamagulu;
• nthawi zina mitengo yamtengo wapatali m’ndalama imatsalira kumbuyo kwa zenizeni.

[id id mawu = “attach_12857″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”1024″]
Ubwino wa BPIFs[/mawu] Muyeneranso kusamala ndi ndalama zomwe zangokhazikitsidwa kumene. Nthawi zambiri palibe zambiri za iwo, zomwe sizilola kuwunika kuopsa kwa ndalama. Komanso, osewera atsopano nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma komisheni apamwamba, ndipo izi ndizovuta kwambiri poyerekeza ndi omwe akupikisana nawo.

Kodi ndiyenera kulipira msonkho ndi BPIF

Misonkho pamagawo, magawo ndi malipiro a makuponi amaperekedwa ndi kampani yoyang’anira thumba. Wogulitsa ndalama amayenera kulipira msonkho pokhapokha pa ndalama zomwe amapeza panthawi yogulitsa katundu, ndiye kuti, kusiyana pakati pa mitengo yogulitsa ndi kugula. Ngati mumasunga ndalama mu BPIF kwa zaka zopitirira zitatu, ndiye kuti wobwereketsayo salipira msonkho pamapindu a msonkho. Kuti mulandire malipiro a msonkho, muyenera kukhala ndi magawo kwa zaka zosachepera zitatu, malinga ngati ndalamazo zinali zochepa kuposa ma ruble mamiliyoni atatu pachaka. Ndiko kuti, ngati Investor wapeza zosakwana 9 miliyoni rubles m’zaka zitatu, ndiye kuti salipidwa msonkho pa kuchotsera msonkho. [id id mawu = “attach_12225” align = “aligncenter” wide = “708”]
Momwe osataya kuchotsera msonkho pa IIS[/caption]

Kodi ndizotheka kuti asitikali, apolisi ndi ogwira ntchito m’boma akhazikitse ndalama ku BPIF?

Ogwira ntchito m’mabungwe azamalamulo a Russian Federation amatha kuyika ndalama mu BPIFs, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zinthu zapakhomo zokha. Koma pali kuletsa ndalama zakunja, zomwe zalembedwa mu lamulo la “On Combating Corruption”. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti si maudindo onse omwe amagwera pansi pa chiletso ichi, choncho ndibwino kuti mudziwe bwino mndandandawu.

BPIF ndi mikhalidwe koyambirira kwa 2022

Masiku ano pali ma broker ochulukirachulukira
omwe akufuna kupeza osunga ndalama okhazikika. Ngati m’mbuyomu mumayenera kuyima pamzere waukulu kuti mugule chitetezo, tsopano zonse zimachitika pa intaneti ndikukanikiza batani la “Buy”. Wogulitsa aliyense amapereka zikhalidwe zake ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera.

Kusinthanitsa-ndalama zogawana pa Moscow Exchange

Kusinthanitsa kwa Moscow pa nthawi ya 2022 kumapereka ma BPIF otsatirawa https://www.moex.com/msn/etf. Izi zimathandiza oyamba kumene kumvetsetsa momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Mutha kuyamba kuyika ndalama ku Moscow Exchange kuchokera ku ma ruble 100.

Tinkoff

Tinkoff ali ndi ma BPIF angapo otchuka, ulalo https://www.tinkoff.ru/invest/tinkoff-capital/, amatsimikizira kukula kokhazikika pakapita nthawi. Mutha kugula, mwachitsanzo, magawo a thumba la RUB Eternal Portfolio, lomwe silimachotsedwa kwathunthu ku bungwe la broker.
Zili ndi magawo anayi ofanana: ndalama ndi ma bond akanthawi kochepa, magawo amakampani, golidi ndi ma bond. Tinkoff amasiyanitsa mbiriyo ngati chimodzi mwazinthu chikukwera kwambiri. Mtengo wa magawo umayamba kuchokera ku ma ruble 5, ndipo zokolola pazaka 18 zinali 850 peresenti.

Sberbank

Sberbank imapereka ma BPIF ambiri https://www.sberbank.ru/ru/person/investments/pifs ndi mlingo uliwonse wa chiopsezo. Oyenera kwa oyambitsa novice. Malo olowera ndi gawo limodzi, ndipo mtengo umayamba kuchokera ku ma ruble angapo. Mutha kugula kapena kugulitsa katundu nthawi yomweyo munthawi yabizinesi, ndipo ndalama ndi ndalama sizipitilira 1 peresenti.

VTB

Bankiyi imayang’anira ma BPIF opitilira 20 https://broker.vtb.ru/services/pif/, imasintha mtengo wazinthu tsiku lililonse popanda mtengo, komanso imateteza ndalama ku inflation. Mtengo wocheperako ndi ma ruble 1000. Ndalama zochepetsera chiopsezo zabwereranso kuposa 12 peresenti chaka chatha. BPIFs pa Moscow Exchange ali pachithunzi pansipa, ndipo mndandanda wathunthu wa 2022 ukupezeka pa https://www.moex.com/msn/etf: MOEX[/mawu]

Masheya okha, ma bond, ndalama, katundu ndi zinthu zina zitha kuphatikizidwa mu thumba lachigwirizano logulitsa malonda. Thumba lakunja silingaphatikizepo BPIF, kapena kukhala thumba lomwe limalembetsedwa kunja kwa Russian Federation.

Mafunso ndi mayankho

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati omwe adayambitsa thumbali alephera? Ndalama zoyendetsera ndalama si katundu wa kampani yoyang’anira. Ngati kampaniyo itayika, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kubweza ndalama ku BPIF, ndalama zonse zidzabwezeredwa kwa eni ake, ndalamazo zidzatha, ndipo oyambitsa adzataya chilolezo chawo.
Kodi ndigulitse masheya ngati mtengo wa thumba watsika? Funso ili likukumana ndi aliyense watsopano yemwe amayamba kuyika ndalama mu mgwirizano wa ndalama. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mfundo ya ndalama zambiri ndizobweza kwa nthawi yayitali, choncho ngati zoopsa zili zochepa, ndiye kuti izi ndi kuwongolera kwakanthawi kochepa. Mulimonsemo, ngati kugulitsa kapena ayi ndi chisankho payekha aliyense Investor, sizimapweteka kumvetsa chimene kwenikweni kugwa mu mtengo, analytics khalidwe, ndipo kokha pambuyo mpheto izi kupanga chisankho chomaliza.
Kodi ndizotheka kupanga mbiri yanga ndekha kuti ndisapereke ndalama zowonjezera ku thumba? Ngati pali nthawi ndi mwayi, ndiye kuti palibe amene amakuletsani kupanga mbiri yanu nokha. Komabe, izi sizikhala zopindulitsa nthawi zonse, popeza makampani oyang’anira amakhala ndi akatswiri oyenerera omwe amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse.
Kodi BPIF ingatsimikizire phindu? Choyamba, ndizosatheka, chifukwa palibe amene akudziwa zomwe zidzachitike ku katunduyo mawa. Ndipo chachiwiri, ndizoletsedwa ndi lamulo.