Kusanthula kofunikira pamsika wamasheya – maziko amalingaliro ndi machitidwe

Kusanthula kofunikira kwa msika wamasheya – zoyambira, zizindikiro, zida, njira zowunikira magawo amakampani, zotetezedwa, misika yazachuma Kusanthula kofunikira – kusanthula kofunikira, mawuwa amatanthauza njira yopangira zolosera zamsika (kusinthanitsa) mtengo wamakampani. , zomwe zimachokera ku kusanthula kwa zizindikiro zake. Kusanthula kwamtunduwu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amalonda kuti awone bwino zomwe bizinesiyo ingakwanitse (kuphatikiza mtengo wa magawo ake). Chifukwa cha kusanthula, wochita malonda akhoza kuwunika momwe ndalama zilili ndi kampaniyo, monga:

• ndalama zonse za kampani;
• phindu lopezeka ndi kampani;
• ndalama zonse za kampani;
• ngongole za kampani, debit ndi ngongole yangongole;
• kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zikuyenda kudzera mu kampani;
• kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe amaperekedwa ndi kampani;
• zizindikiro zamakampani.

Zomwe zimakulolani kuti muwunike molondola mlingo wa phindu ndi chitukuko.
Chitsanzo:
Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani za kugula zinthu za m’nyumba zovuta kwambiri, monga TV. Mmodzi wa ogula amangogula chipangizo choyamba chomwe chili choyenera kwambiri pamtengo ndi kapangidwe.
Wina adzalingalira mosamalitsa njira zingapo asanagule. Adzasankha chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri komanso chodalirika, phunzirani ndemanga za makasitomala, yerekezerani ndondomeko zamakono, ndipo pokhapokha ataphunzira mwatsatanetsatane adzayamba kuyerekezera mitengo ndikuyang’ana kuphatikiza kopindulitsa kwambiri kwa mtengo ndi khalidwe. Kusankha koteroko malinga ndi magawo kudzakhala kusanthula kofunikira musanagule TV .

Kusanthula kofunikira kwa misika yazachuma – momwe imagwirira ntchito

Kusanthula kofunikira kwa msika kumachokera makamaka pa mfundo yakuti mtengo weniweni wa katundu wa kampani ukhoza kusiyana kwambiri ndi mtengo wamsika.

Pachifukwa ichi, pali kuthekera kuti misika ikhoza kusokoneza – kukwera mtengo kapena kuchepetsa katundu wamakampani pakanthawi kochepa. Otsatira pakuwunika kofunikira amatsimikiza kuti, ngakhale kuwunika kolakwika kwa mtengo wamtengo wapatali, nthawi zonse kumabwerera pamtengo wolondola (cholinga).
Chitsanzo:
Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani momwe katundu wa Tesla amachitira. Ngakhale kwambiri, mu nthawi yochepa, ndi zongopeka kuchepa kwa mtengo gawo kugwirizana ndi zambiri stuffing ndi kusowa kwa microchips.
Pakapita nthawi, zotetezedwa zake sizimangobweza mtengo wawo wapamwamba, komanso zikuwonetsa kukula kokhazikika, ndipo kampaniyo imachulukitsa nthawi zonse kuchuluka kwa capitalization.Choncho, cholinga chachikulu chogwiritsira ntchito njira yowunikirayi ndikuzindikira mtengo weniweni wa katundu ndikuyerekeza ndi mtengo wamakono wa msika. Kuyerekezera koteroko kumathandiza wogulitsa malonda kuti adziŵe molimba mtima kusintha kwa mtengo wamtengo wapatali ndipo motero amatsegula mwayi wachuma. Kusanthula koteroko sikungakhale kothandiza pazachuma kwakanthawi kochepa, komabe, ndi ndalama zanthawi yayitali, zimakupatsani mwayi wolosera molondola momwe zinthu zilili pamsika.

Kusanthula kofunikira ndi luso – kusiyana kwakukulu

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa kusanthula kodabwitsa ndi luso ndi magawo omwe amawunikidwa. Chifukwa chake ngati kusanthula kofunikira kumaganizira, choyamba, momwe zinthu zilili mkati mwazinthu ndipo sizimaganizira za mtengo wamtengo wapatali pamsika. Kusanthula kwaumisiri kumeneko, m’malo mwake, kumangoganizira ndikuwunika momwe zinthu ziliri panopa, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri pokonzekera ndalama zazifupi.

Kukangana za “zomwe zili bwino” kusanthula kofunikira kapena luso sikumveka. Iliyonse ya iwo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti idziwe zomwe zili zake, ndipo ngati kusanthula kofunikira sikungakhale kothandiza pazachuma kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kumathandiza kwambiri pakuyika ndalama kwanthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti kusanthula kwaukadaulo ndikosiyana.

Kusanthula kwaukadaulo kumeneko kumapangidwa kuti azingogwira ntchito ndi ndalama zazing’ono.

Kusanthula kofunikira: zolinga ndi zolinga

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino kusanthula kwa zolosera pazachuma, ndikofunikira, choyamba, kudziwa zolinga ndi zolinga zomwe zimayikidwa pakuwunika. Cholinga cha kusanthula ndikukonzekeretsa wogulitsa ndalama kuti asinthe mtengo wamtengo wapatali. Kumvetsetsa maubwenzi oyambitsa-ndi-zotsatira omwe amachititsa kusinthasintha kwamitengo, ndipo zifukwa zotere zimakhala zakunja. Zochitika zotere zikuphatikizapo:

• zochitika za geopolitical, social and economic phenomena;
• malingaliro amsika wamba, ziyembekezo za chitukuko chachuma pokhudzana ndi dziko linalake;
• masoka achilengedwe ndi opangidwa ndi anthu, zovuta zachilengedwe, zomwe zimachitika zomwe zidawononga kwambiri zachuma;
• kusakhazikika kwamkati ndi kunja (mikangano yapachiweniweni, zigawenga, zigawenga, kulanda, nkhondo zakunja ndi zamkati mkati ndi kuzungulira dziko);
• zochitika zandale zamkati (chisankho cha pulezidenti ndi pulezidenti, ma referendum, kusintha kwa akuluakulu olamulira, ndi zina zotero);
• kuwulula (kufalitsa) kwa zizindikiro zachuma za mayiko oyenerera kapena mafakitale.

Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zofunikira

Pochita kusanthula kofunikira, njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Njira Yofananira Pakuwunika Kwakukulu kwa Misika Yazachuma

Njirayi imachokera ku kuyerekeza kwa zizindikiro zachuma zomwe zimasindikizidwa koma ziyenera kuyembekezera. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa zizindikiro izi, ndizomwe zimachitika mwachiwawa kwa osewera pa malonda ogulitsa. Ndipo motere, izi zitha kupangitsa kutseka kwakukulu kapena kutsegulidwa kwa malonda m’njira zopindulitsa kwambiri, zomwe mwachiwonekere zimatsata kusiyana kotere.

Kusanthula Kwanyengo

Zomwe zimayambitsa kusinthasintha kwanyengo zamsika zimakhudza zinthu zomwe zili pamenepo. Chifukwa chake pankhani ya magawo, sizinthu zokhazo zomwe kampaniyo ikunena zazachuma komanso zachuma za kotala ndizofunika, komanso kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe adagulitsidwa pamsika munyengo kapena kunja kwanyengo. Makampani omwe amagwira ntchito m’magawo osiyanasiyana azachuma amalandira ndalama zosiyanasiyana munthawi zosiyanasiyana. Izi, motero, sizingakhudze kulipira kwa magawo,
kusakhazikikandi kuchuluka kwa shares. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kufananitsa zizindikiro za malonda ndi makampani nthawi zambiri zimachitika osati ndi zizindikiro za kotala yapitayi, komanso ndi zizindikiro za gawo lomwelo la chaka chatha. Kusanthula kofananako kumachitidwa ndi mabungwe adziko pazizindikiro zakukula kwachuma cha dziko. Kuonjezera apo, kuti agwire ntchito ndi zizindikiro za macroeconomic, njira za “kuchotsa nyengo” zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi chithandizo chawo, deta imasinthidwa. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse bwino momwe amasiyanirana ndi zomwe zimachitika kotala lino, mwezi, chaka. Kuphatikiza apo, pali nthawi zosiyana pakusinthana komwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala kutseka kwakukulu kwa maudindo ena ndi osunga ndalama (nthawi zotere zimaphatikizapo madzulo a tchuthi cha Khrisimasi). Nthawi zotere zimaganiziridwa pofufuza misika yamasheya. Zoonadi, mumsika wosasunthika wochepa, kutsekedwa koteroko kungayambitse kusintha kwakukulu kwa zolemba zachitetezo. Zachidziwikire, kusanthula kwanyengo kokha sikokwanira kupanga chisankho chogula kapena kugulitsa katundu, koma ndichinthu chofunikira pochita kafukufuku wofunikira. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza osati msika wokhawokha. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri popanga zisankho pa kugula ndi kugulitsa katundu mu ndalama zakunja, katundu ndi misika ina.
Mwachitsanzo, talingalirani za mkhalidwe umene nyengo yamvula yanthaŵi yaitali inapitirira mwadzidzidzi. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti gawo lina la mbewu kuchokera m’minda ya thonje liwonongeke, zomwe zingachepetse kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zilipo komanso kukweza mitengo yake. Chifukwa chake, potsata nyengo ndi kusanthula, ndizotheka kulosera zakusintha kwakukulu kwamitengo yamtsogolo ya thonje.

Deductive ndi inductive njira zowunikira

Pogwiritsa ntchito induction, wogulitsa ndalama amayendetsa zizindikiro za zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana ndi nkhani, ndipo pamaziko awo amapanga malingaliro okhudza kusintha kwamitengo komwe kungatheke m’misika. Kuchotsera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochita malonda ndipo nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizidwa pakuwunika kofunikira kwa masheya. Chofunikira cha njirayi ndikumanga ziganizo – kuchokera pazambiri mpaka zina. Iyi ndi njira yovuta kwambiri yomwe imatha kupereka zotsatira zolakwika chifukwa cha chidaliro chochulukirapo cha munthu yemwe adasanthula zomwe akuganiza. Komabe, kuchotsera kungakhale kofunika kwambiri panthawi yomwe, mwachitsanzo, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zoyenera kuchita ndi EURUSD pakakhala kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwamisika yaku Europe.

Njira yolumikizirana

Njira iyi ndi kuphatikiza komwe kumapangidwa pamzere wa kusanthula kwaukadaulo ndi kofunikira. Chofunika chake chimakhala chakuti, ndi kukula kwa chimodzi mwazinthu, mtengo wa katundu wina wokhudzana ndi izo (kapena katundu wogwirizana) ukhoza kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa. Masiku ano, kusinthana kumagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zofananira kuti ziwerengere kulumikizana, monga Indcor-Correlation kapena OverLay Chart.

Magulu ndi generalization njira

Njirayi ndi ya zovuta, zamakono zamakono ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi akatswiri. Zimaphatikizapo kuphwanya katundu m’magulu malinga ndi “khalidwe” lawo pamsika, ndipo pambuyo pake ndondomeko yokhazikika imawerengedwa pa iwo. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza misika ndi osewera akuluakulu ndi makampani owunikira, koma odziwa bwino ndalama amatha kupanga chizindikiro chawo chachikulu chachuma. Zizindikiro zotere, mwachitsanzo, zikuphatikiza index ya Dow Jones, yopangidwa pamaziko a kusanthula kofunikira kwamakampani akuluakulu 30 otchedwa “chips blue”. Kusanthula kofunikira kwa msika (magawo amakampani, ndalama, ma cryptocurrencies): ndi chiyani, zoyambira, zochulukitsa, mitundu ndi njira zowunikira: https://youtu.be/fa1xkn7OfZY

Kusanthula kofunikira – dongosolo ndi kapangidwe

Wogulitsa, popanga chisankho chokhazikitsa ndalama, ayenera choyamba kuyankha mafunso angapo:

• pa zinthu zomwe akufuna kuchita malonda;
• ndi ndalama ziti zomwe zikuphatikizidwa mu awiriwa (ngati akufuna kugwira ntchito m’misika yandalama);
• makampani omwe akuphatikizidwa muzolemba zofananira zachitetezo (pokonzekera ntchito m’misika yamasheya);
• nthawi yokonzekera kumaliza ntchito?

Ndiye ayenera kupeza zambiri (nkhani). Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Investing, TASS, Dow Jones, Bloomberg, CNN, RBC, kapena njira ina iliyonse yazachuma yomwe ndiyosavuta nthawi iliyonse. Zomwe zidzapereke zambiri zomasuka komanso zodalirika za deta yogwira ntchito pazochitika zomwe zakonzedwa.
Atalandira mfundo zofunika, Investor afika mfundo za boma la makampani kapena msika gawo limene ati aganyali, ndi “kufufuza” maziko padziko zofunika. Pambuyo pake, nthawiyo imasankhidwa, yomwe, malinga ndi mawerengedwe a Investor, ndi yoyenera kwambiri pa ntchito zamalonda, nthawi yokhazikika. Ndipo pambuyo pake, wogulitsa ndalama ayenera kutembenukira ku kalendala yachuma. Kalendala yazachuma ndi imodzi mwa zida zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunika kofunikira, komwe mungapeze zidziwitso zonse zofunikira za dziko lomwe zinthu zachiwongola dzanja kwa Investor zili, ndipo malinga ndi ndandanda yotulutsa nkhani, amamvetsetsa zonse. chithunzi cha udindo wa katundu pa msika.

Magawo a kusanthula kofunikira

Kusanthula kofunikira kungathe kugawidwa m’magawo angapo:

Kuwunika momwe chuma chikuyendera

Kusanthula koteroko nthawi zambiri kumayamba ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika pamsika. Mwachitsanzo, tengani ndalama za EUR/USD. Nthawi zonse pamakhala nkhani zambiri pamisika yandalama yaku Europe ndi America pamapulatifomu onse azidziwitso. Ndipo kukhalabe ndi kusakhazikika kwamphamvu mumagulu a ndalama ndi masheya m’misika iyi sikovuta. Komanso, awiriwa ndi oyenera pafupifupi masitayelo onse ogulitsa, kuphatikiza
swing ndi
scalping .. Ngati wogulitsa asankha kutsegula mgwirizano pa EUR / USD, ndiye, choyamba, ayenera kumvetsera zisankho pazachuma zomwe zinapangidwa ndi Fed ndi ECB. Mabungwe olamulira a mabungwe onsewa amakumana milungu 6 iliyonse. Pamisonkhano yotereyi, amasankha kusintha kwa chiwongola dzanja ndikuchita zigamulo m’madera osiyanasiyana azachuma. Malingana ndi zisankhozi, ndikuziyerekeza ndi zam’mbuyomo, ndizotheka kupeza mfundo zina ndikupanga maulosi owonetsera m’madera osiyanasiyana, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zomwe akatswiri akatswiri amachita.

Kuwunika kwamakampani ndi magawo pawokha pazachuma

Gawo ili la kusanthula kofunikira kwa msika wamasheya limaphatikizapo kafukufuku wamakampani omwe amasankhidwa ndi Investor. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyamba kuyang’anitsitsa nkhani zamakampani ndi zochitika m’makampani omwe kampaniyo imachita bizinesi yake yayikulu.

Kusanthula msika wachitetezo, choyamba, ma indices amagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga Industrial Average,
S&P500 , Dow Jones, Nikkei225 ndi ena. Zizindikirozi zimapangidwira chifukwa cha ntchito zamakampani akuluakulu komanso okhazikika omwe amagwira ntchito m’dera linalake.

Pa nthawi yomweyi, kuti mudziwe zambiri kapena zochepa kuti mudziwe bwino kuti ndi mafakitale ati omwe ali pamsika pamsika, m’pofunikanso kuyang’anira ndi kusanthula kusintha kwa mitengo ya indices okha. Asanayambe ntchito zamalonda, wochita malonda ayenera kuyang’ana kalendala yamagulu, ndizosavuta kudziwa chiyambi ndi mapeto a nyengo zowonetsera makampani. Kalendala yogawa imasindikizanso kuchuluka kwa deta yomwe imakhudza mtengo wa katundu ndi mawu a indices.

Kuwunika kwa mtengo wamasheya ndi zotetezedwa zina

Mbali iyi yakuwunika kofunikira kwa msika wamasheya imayang’ana momwe ndalama zamakampani zimagwirira ntchito, kuphatikiza kukula (kuchepa) pazopeza zonse ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito, ndi zina. Ngati kwa nthawi yayitali, ngakhale pali zinthu zakunja, pali chizolowezi cha kukula kokhazikika kwa capitalization, ndiye kuti kukhazikika kwakukulu komanso kupindulitsa kwa magawo a kampaniyo kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngakhale kuti m’kanthawi kochepa (tsiku, sabata, mwezi), mtengo wa magawo a kampani ukhoza kusinthasintha m’mwamba ndi pansi.

Magwero akuluakulu a data pakuwunika kofunikira

Kuti apange kusanthula kofunikira, oyika ndalama ndi akatswiri azachuma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito magwero a data monga:

Kusanthula nkhani ndi zachuma

Choyamba, osunga ndalama ayenera kusankha zomwe zikuchitika komanso msika womwe angatsatire. Chifukwa chake pamsika wosinthira ndalama zakunja, nkhani iliyonse yofunikira kuchokera ku United States idzakhudza dola, motero kusinthanitsa kwa ndalama pafupifupi zonse. Momwemonso, zochitika zofunika m’moyo wa kampani ya Tesla zidzakhudza zolemba za magawo ndi zotetezedwa zina pamsika wogulitsa. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito kuzinthu zamagulu, kotero asanayambe kufufuza kofunikira, wogulitsa ndalama ayenera kufotokozera momveka bwino kuti ndi magawo ati amsika omwe akufuna kuyikapo. Pambuyo pake, m’pofunika kuphunzira ndendende zambiri zokhudzana ndi gawo lomwe linasankhidwa ndi iye.

Mtengo wa mabanki apakati a mayiko

Popanga kusanthula kofunikira, ndikofunikira kuyang’ananso zolemba zamabanki apakati amayiko, makamaka ECB ndi FRS pankhani yandalama komanso chiwongola dzanja pa ngongole. Misika imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi pafupifupi kusintha kulikonse kwa ziyembekezo, ndipo zambiri zokhudza kusintha kwa chiwongoladzanja kapena ndondomeko yandalama zingakhale ndi zotsatira zamphamvu pakusintha kwa msika. Izi ndizowona makamaka ku Fed (Federal Reserve System), yomwe imayang’anira ndalama zosungirako ndalama ndipo zisankho zake zilizonse sizikuwoneka pamsika wa US, komanso pafupifupi misika ina yonse.

Mabanki apakati a mayiko otsogola padziko lapansi:

Mphamvu zakusintha kwamitengo yapano ya Central Bank of the Russian Federation pakali pano.

Kalendala yazachuma

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zopezera zofunikira pakuwunika kofunikira ndi kalendala ya Economic. Imawonetsera mu mawonekedwe owoneka pafupifupi machitidwe onse a chuma chamakono, ndipo mukhoza kujambula pafupifupi deta yofunikira kuti muwunike.

Malipoti amakampani pazotsatira zantchito zachuma ndi zachuma

Kuwerenga malipoti owerengera ndalama ndi ndalama zamakampani kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa magawo ake okhudzana ndi phindu la capitalization ndi magawo ena omwe ndi ofunikira pakuwunika koyambira. Kutengera iwo, mfundo zitha kuganiziridwa za chiyembekezo chakukula kwa kampaniyo, kukhazikika kwake (ndiponso, kukhazikika kwachitetezo chake)

Zizindikiro zomwe zimaganiziridwa pakuwunika kofunikira

Zizindikiro izi ndi:

Macroeconomic zizindikiro

Zizindikiro zazikulu zachuma zomwe zili pansi pa chizindikiro cha nyenyezi zitatu mu kalendala ndi:

• chigamulo pa chiwongola dzanja cha Banki Yaikulu;
• Malipiro Opanda Mafamu (NFP)
• index ya ulova;
• mtengo wa ogula;
• GDP (Gross Domestic Product).

Zizindikiro zodziwika kwambiri (zochulukitsa) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunika kofunikira

Kusanthula kofunikira: kuchuluka kwa masheya, momwe mungapezere masheya osafunikira: https://youtu.be/PgMgKY2Y5U4

Zizindikiro zotsogola

Zizindikiro zamtunduwu ndizofunika kuti mupange kulosera koyenera za kusintha komwe kungachitike m’tsogolo muzachuma zamayiko. Zosintha pazizindikirozi zikuwonetsa kusintha komwe kungachitike kapena koyipa, komwe, mwanjira ina, kudzakhudza onse (kapena magawo ambiri amsika). Zizindikirozi zimapangitsa kuti zidziwike, pochita kafukufuku wofunikira, mwachitsanzo, kuchepa kwachuma, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa ntchito ya akatswiri ndi akuluakulu a mabungwe apakati a Central Bank kuti adziwe vekitala ya chitukuko ndikusintha ndondomeko ya ndalama za ku Central Bank. Njira zofananira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi osunga ndalama kupanga kapena kusintha njira zawo pamsika. Zizindikiro zamitundu iyi ndi:

• Kuchuluka kwa chiphaso cha boma. zilolezo zomanga ndalama. Kuchulukira kwa zilolezo zoperekedwa, kumapangitsanso chiyembekezo chamakampani omanga ndi mafakitale ena okhudzana nawo.

Kuwonjezeka kwa chizindikirochi kukuwonetsa chiyembekezo cha kuchepa kwa ulova, kusintha kwa ngongole zanyumba, ndi zina.

• Consumer Confidence Index ikuwonetsa kufunitsitsa kwa nzika kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zawo.

Pamaziko ake, momwe zinthu zilili pazantchito za anthu komanso momwe chuma chaboma chimakhalira.

• Kuchuluka kwa zofunsira zopindula za ulova. Chizindikirochi chikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka (kuchepa) kwa kusowa kwa ntchito mu nthawi inayake, yomwe mwachibadwa imasonyezedwa pamlingo wa GDP, kusonkhanitsa misonkho pamtengo wogula, ndi zina zotero.

zizindikiro zotsalira

Zizindikirozi zikuwonetsa kusintha komwe kwachitika kale pachuma cha dziko komanso momwe zimayendera pakapita nthawi. Zizindikiro izi ndi:

1. Chiwerengero cha anthu osowa ntchito . Zimasonyeza chiwerengero chenicheni cha anthu omwe alibe ntchito m’dzikolo panthawi yoperekedwa.
2. Consumer Price Index . Kuwonetsa kusintha kwa kusintha kwa mtengo wadengu la ogula kwa nthawi inayake
3. Zolinga zamalonda . Chiŵerengero cha mtengo wa katundu wochokera kunja ndi kunja kwa dziko kwa nthawi inayake

Otsatsa amagwiritsa ntchito zizindikirozi pakuwunika kwawo kuti atsimikizire zomwe zimakhazikika pamsika.

Zizindikiro zofananira

Chizindikiro chamtunduwu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita kafukufuku wofunikira kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe chuma chilili mdziko muno, zomwe zimalola osunga ndalama kuti apange chithunzi chatsatanetsatane chazomwe zikuchitika pamsika. Mwa iwo:

• Avereji ya ndalama zomwe munthu amapeza ndi chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwa ndalama zonse zomwe munthu amapeza, posatengera komwe amachokera.
• Malonda ogulitsa – amasonyeza kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa malonda ogulitsa katundu.
• GDP ndi mtengo wa katundu ndi ntchito zonse zomwe zimapangidwa m’dziko pa nthawi yoperekedwa.

Zinthu zomwe zimaganiziridwanso ndikugwiritsiridwa ntchito pakuwunika kofunikira kumaphatikizanso mphamvu majeure (“zochitika zomwe zimakhala zokakamiza kwambiri komanso zomwe sizingakhudzidwe pa nthawi yoperekedwa”). Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Nkhondo, mikangano yankhondo yamkati ndi yakunja.
• Masoka opangidwa ndi anthu komanso masoka achilengedwe.
• Kusakhazikika kwa ndale, zipolowe, zipolowe, zipolowe ndi zochitika zina zamphamvu.

Zitsanzo
zamphamvu majeure ndi mliri wa coronavirus. Zomwe mu 2019-2021 zidasintha kwambiri msika. Chifukwa chake magawo amakampani oyendayenda adatsika mpaka pafupifupi mbiri yakale chifukwa cha kutsekedwa kwa malire, ndipo pokhapo pakhala chiwonjezeko pang’ono. Nthawi yomweyo, magawo amakampani opanga mankhwala ndi makampani omwe amapanga zida zodzitetezera ku chilengedwe ndi zida zamankhwala akwera kwambiri, ndipo kukula kwawo kukupitilirabe ngakhale
mayiko ena achotsa ziletso za COVID.Kusanthula kwakukulu kumachokera ku GDP, inflation ndi chiwongoladzanja, zizindikiro zitatu zachuma izi, monga palibe zina, zingakhudze msika Choncho, pochita kafukufuku, ayenera kupatsidwa chidwi chapadera, chowonjezeka.