Blue chips Chinese stock market 2024

Masiku ano, China ndi imodzi mwazachuma zazikulu komanso zomwe zikukula mwachangu padziko lapansi. Pali mabungwe akuluakulu ambiri ku China, ndipo izi si zimphona zapamwamba zokha. Ndalama zonse zamakampani akuluakulu aku China 170 lero zadutsa $7.5 thililiyoni. Chifukwa chake, kupeza magawo awo mosakayika ndikosangalatsa
pakusiyana kwa ndalama zogulira .

Gawani kapangidwe ka msika wamasheya waku China

Magawo aku China, monga ena aliwonse, msika wamasheya umagawidwa m’magawo atatu.

Gawo loyamba

Gawo loyamba limaphatikizapo masheya omwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri. Makampani omwe apereka magawo ndi okhazikika kwambiri, osakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwakung’ono pamsika. Iwo ali okwera kwambiri, pafupifupi 90%, chiŵerengero choyandama chaulere ndi kufalikira kopapatiza. Izi ndi tchipisi ta buluu zaku China.

Free-float – kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe amagulitsidwa pamsika mwaufulu ku chiwerengero cha magawo onse akampani.
Kufalikira ndi chizindikiro cha kusiyana pakati pa mtengo wogula ndi kugulitsa magawo panthawi imodzi.

Malinga ndi Hang Seng Index (HSI) (Hong Kong Stock Exchange Index). Mndandanda wa tchipisi ta buluu ku China umaphatikizapo zimphona monga Geely Automobile, Galaxy Entertainment Group, Lenovo ndi ena.

Chips za buluu zaku China

Komabe, index yayikulu yaku China ya blue chip ndi SSE 50 Index. Zimaphatikizapo makampani a 50 omwe ali aakulu kwambiri ku China, omwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri, ndipo magawo awo amasonyeza bwino kwambiri ntchito yodalirika komanso yodalirika. Mndandandawu umaphatikizapo mabungwe akubanki, mafakitale ndi malonda odziwika bwino pamsika wapadziko lonse, kuphatikizapo, monga – Bank of China, Orient Securities; Bank of Beijing; PetroChina (bungwe loyamba padziko lonse lapansi kufika pamlingo wa capitalization ya $ 1 thililiyoni); China National Nuclear Power ndi ena.

Echelon yachiwiri

Awa ndi magawo amakampani akuluakulu omwe, ngakhale ocheperako kuposa oyamba, koma ali ndi ndalama zambiri. Masheya agawo lachiwiri amakhala pafupifupi molingana ndi chiŵerengero choyandama chaulere, kuchuluka kwa malonda, zoopsa ndi zobwerera. Kufalikira kwa masheya oterowo ndikokulirapo kuposa tchipisi ta buluu.

gawo lachitatu

Magawo amakampani amtundu wachitatu amakhala ndi ndalama zochepa kwambiri, amakhala ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri komanso chiwongolero chaulere. Kuchuluka kwa malonda a magawowa ndi ochepa. Amakhala ndi ziwopsezo zazikulu komanso kufalikira kwakukulu. Ma echelons atatu a masheya aku China:

Mndandanda wamagulu a blue chip pamsika waku China

Mu Seputembala 2021, China idasindikiza mndandanda wamabizinesi akulu akulu 500 m’boma. Malinga ndi mndandanda womwe wafalitsidwa pamodzi ndi China Enterprise Directors Association ndi China Enterprise Confederation. Ndalama zophatikiza zamabizinesiwa zidakwana 89.83 thililiyoni JPY (madola 13.9 thililiyoni). ndipo adawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa phindu la 4.43%, motsatana, poyerekeza ndi nthawi yomweyi ya chaka chatha. Phindu lomwe mabizinesiwa adalandira mu 2020 lidafika 4.07 thililiyoni JPY (kuwonjezeka kwa 4.59%). Mlingo wa ndalama zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimafunikira kuti ziphatikizidwe pamndandandawu zidakweranso, zidafika 39.24 biliyoni JPY, zomwe ndi 3.28 biliyoni JPY kuposa nthawi yapitayi. Makampani omwe ndalama zawo zidakula kuposa JPY 100 biliyoni zidapitilira 200 (makamaka makampani 222) ndipo 8 mwa iwo adadutsa malire a JPY 1 thililiyoni.
Ngakhale kulimbana komwe kukuchitika pakati pa US ndi China, kapangidwe kake komaliza kakuyenda bwino kwambiri. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zotetezedwa zamakampani aku China ziziwoneka bwino pamsika wamasheya. Mndandanda wamakampani akuluakulu (tchipisi cha buluu aku China) umaphatikizapo makampani apamwamba kwambiri omwe amagwira ntchito yopanga, kulumikizana mayendedwe. Mndandanda wamakampani akuluakulu 8 aku China (tchipisi tabuluu) malinga ndi FORTUNE GLOBAL 500:

Udindo pamsika waku China	Dzina Lakampani	Kusuntha	Zokolola mu mamiliyoni a $	Malo molingana ndi FORTUNE GLOBAL 500
imodzi	Gulu la State	Beijing	386618	2
2	China National Petroleum	Beijing	283958	zinayi
3	Sinopec Group	Beijing	283728	5
zinayi	China State Construction Engineering	Beijing	234425	13
5	Ping An Inshuwaransi	Shenzhen	191509	16
6	Industrial & Commercial Bank of China	Beijing	182794	makumi awiri
7	China Construction Bank	Beijing	172000	25
eyiti	Agricultural Bank of China	Beijing	153885	29

Makampani angapo aku China a blue-chip

Makampaniwa ndi omwe amalonjeza kwambiri pazachuma, komanso kugwira ntchito ndi magawo awo pamisika yamasheya. Amakhala ndi capitalization yayikulu, ndipo amabweretsa ndalama zambiri nthawi zonse. Magawo awo ndi okongola kwa ndalama za nthawi yayitali. Mwachitsanzo:
State Grid ndi kampani ya boma la China, bizinesi yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yomwe imamanga magetsi a nyukiliya m’mayiko ambiri padziko lapansi ndikugawa magetsi ku PRC yonse. Kuphatikiza apo, kudzera m’mabungwe ake, imagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri popanga ma gridi amagetsi ndikumanga malo atsopano kunja (Brazil, Philippines, etc.)

Malinga ndi zotsatira za malonda, momwe ndalama za kampaniyo zilili ndi izi.

China National Petroleum– kampani yaikulu kwambiri yamafuta ndi gasi ku China, yomwe ili ndi boma ndipo imakhala ndi udindo wolamulira pamsika wapakhomo. Zimaphatikizapo mabungwe angapo (PetroChina, Kunlun Energy, etc.). Pofika chaka cha 2019, chuma chake chonse chidafika 2.732 thililiyoni JPY, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito kumafikira anthu pafupifupi 500. Mtengo wamtengo wa China National Petroleum lero ndi:
Ndi mphamvu ndi zoneneratu zake:
Tchipisi zina za buluu zaku China, zomwe zikuwonetsedwa patebulo, zikuwonetsa pafupifupi mphamvu zofanana.

Momwe mungagule tchipisi ta buluu zaku China

Kukhazikika ndi kupindula kwa zotetezedwa za blue-chip zaku China zimawapangitsa kukhala zolinga zokopa ndalama. Mutha kugula mapepala awa.

pa malonda aku Russia

Maudindo ena achitetezo aku China amapezeka pamsika waku Russia. Awa si magawo okha, komanso
malisiti osungira (ADRs). Amayendayenda momasuka pa St. Petersburg Stock Exchange ndipo amatchulidwa mu madola aku US. Pamsika wogulitsa wa St. Petersburg mutha kugula:

• Alibaba Group Holding Limited (BABA);
• Aluminium Corporation ya China Li (ACH);
• Malingaliro a kampani Baidu Inc. (BIDU);
• China Eastern Airlines Corporati (CEA);
• Kampani ya China Life Insurance Company Lim. (LFC);
• China Southern Airlines Company (ZNH);
• Malingaliro a kampani Hello Group Inc. (MOMO);
• Malingaliro a kampani Huaneng Power International Inc. (HNP);
• Huazhu Group Limited (HTHT);
• com, inc. (JD);
• Malingaliro a kampani JOYY Inc. (YY);
• Malingaliro a kampani NetEase Inc. (NTES);
• PetroChina Company Limited (PTR);
• Sinopec Shanghai Petrochemical (SHI);
• com Limited (SOHU);
• Gulu la Maphunziro a TAL (TAL);
• Vipshop Holdings Limited (VIPS);
• Weibo Corporation (WB);
• Malingaliro a kampani China Mobile (Hong Kong) Ltd. (CHL);
• Malingaliro a kampani China Telecom Corporation Limited

Ndipo ena, lero ndi pafupifupi 30 maudindo. Pa Moscow Exchange, mawuwo amapangidwa mu ruble ndipo amaperekedwa muzosankha zazikulu izi:

• Alibaba Group Holding Limited (BABA-RM)
• Malingaliro a kampani Baidu Inc. (BIDU-RM)
• PetroChina Company Limited mbiri ya mtengo wamtengo wapatali
• com, inc. (JD-RM)
• Malingaliro a kampani Li Auto Inc. (LI-RM)
• Malingaliro a kampani NIO Inc. (NIO-RM)
• TAL Education Group (TAL-RM)
• Vipshop Holdings Limited (VIPS-RM)

Komabe, chiwerengero cha zosankha chikupitirirabe kuwonjezeka. Kwa amalonda ambiri omwe akungoyamba kumene pamsika, izi zikhoza kukhala zokwanira. Sizovuta kuyamba kugwira nawo ntchito, ndikokwanira kuti mutsegule
akaunti yandalama (akaunti yosinthanitsa). Popeza kuti magawowa adalembedwa pa Russian Stock Exchange, ali pansi pa mndandanda wonse wamisonkho yomwe imagwira ntchito pakupeza magawo amakampani apakhomo.

Kudzera ma broker akunja

Otsatsa omwe akufuna kugwira ntchito ndi tchipisi tambiri ta China buluu kuposa momwe msika wapakhomo ungapereke amatha kutsegula maakaunti ndi ma broker akunja. Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha magawo a “tchipisi abuluu” aku China mu 2021 adagulitsidwa pamsika waku US (New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, ndi ena). Kuti muyambe kugulitsa magawo aku China pakusinthana uku, muyenera kulumikizana ndi ma broker oyenera, monga:

• Charles Schwab,
• E * Trade,
• Interactive Brokers,
• TD Ameritrade, ndi ena.

Kudzera ndalama mwachindunji ku China

Kuyika ndalama mwachindunji ku China kudzakhala kopindulitsa kwambiri komanso kothandiza, izi zidzakuthandizani kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito yocheperako, koma ndalama zomwe zidzayikidwe zidzakhala zazikulu kwambiri, ndipo izi sizingakhale zoyenera kwa omwe akuyamba kumene.

Kupyolera mu ndalama zogwirizanitsa m’magulu achitetezo aku China

Njira inanso yopezera masheya aku China ndikupeza ΕTF. Poikapo ndalama ku ΕTF, wogulitsa ndalama samagula magawo, koma nthawi yomweyo amagula magawo angapo m’makampani osiyanasiyana aku China. Chifukwa chake, kuyika ndalama osati ku kampani inayake, koma pamsika wonse wa China. ΕTF ikhoza kugulidwa pa Moscow Exchange. Izi zikuphatikiza, AKCH, wogwiritsa ntchito OOO MC Alfa-Capital ndi FXCN, wogwiritsa ntchito FinEx Funds plc.
Fund Commission ndi 0.9% pachaka, katundu amapangidwa mu yen, komabe, malonda amachitika mu madola aku US ndi ma ruble, ma indices a Solactive GBS China ex A-Shares Large & Mid Cap USD amatsatiridwa. Zigawo zazikuluzikulu zimakhala ndi zitetezo za Tencent Holdings Ltd., Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. ndi Meituan Class B, ali ndi zoposa 1/3 ya ndalama zogulira, zomwe zimakhala ndi 230 zotetezedwa. Alfa Capital’s AKCH exchange-trade fund fund ikutsata Xtrackers Harvest – 60% ndi KraneShares China – 40%. Amangogula ndalama za ASHR ndi KWEB zosinthanitsa, koma malipiro ake ndi 1.61%. Izi ndi zolipiritsa, kupatula zolipiritsa za ETF, 0.65% ya ASHR ndi 0.76% ya KWEB. Trade ikuchitika mu rubles.

Ubwino ndi zoopsa zogulitsa tchipisi tabuluu pamsika waku China

M’zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, China yakhala ikukulirakulira modabwitsa, ndipo lero ikuwerengedwa moyenerera chuma chachiwiri (pambuyo pa United States) padziko lapansi. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, palibe mgwirizano pakati pa osunga ndalama pa kukhazikika kwachuma chake. Izi zachitika chifukwa cha ndale zomwe zili m’dziko muno. Kuphatikiza apo, United States imatsutsa kufalikira kwakunja kwamakampani aku China. Chifukwa chake, pakulosera kwa 2022, malingaliro akuti kukula kwachuma cha China kutsika kwambiri kumachulukirachulukira. Izi sizingangokhudza phindu komanso phindu la tchipisi ta buluu zaku China. Ndipo mwachibadwa kumawonjezera kuopsa kwa ndalama za nthawi yaitali.

Kodi Muyenera Kuyika Ndalama Zingati ku China Blue Chips?

Muzovuta zotere, pogula magawo amakampani aku China, kuwongolera kuyenera kuwonedwa. Palibe chitsimikizo kuti mawa owala akuyembekezera makampani onse mdziko muno. Koma wina sayenera kunyalanyaza mfundo yakuti chuma cha ku China sichinathenso mphamvu zake ndipo chili ndi zofunikira zonse kuti zipitirire kukula mofulumira. Chifukwa chake, yankho labwino kwambiri lingakhale kuyika ndalama ku China tchipisi buluu 6-12% yazachuma chanu. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse zoopsa zanu komanso nthawi yomweyo mumapeza ndalama.

Ubwino woyika ndalama ku China tchipisi tabuluu

Ubwino wosakayikitsa wakuyika ndalama muzotetezedwa zaku China ndi monga:

• kukula kwakukulu kwa GDP (pafupifupi kuposa 8% pachaka) kwa zaka zingapo;
• gawo lalikulu la kupanga kwaukadaulo wapamwamba pachuma chadziko;
• kupikisana kwakukulu kwa katundu waku China pamsika wakunja;
• mtengo wotsika wa ntchito ndi kukhalapo kwa anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito;
• kulamulira mwamphamvu ndi maulamuliro, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kuthekera kwachinyengo ndi chinyengo cha osunga ndalama.

Kuipa kwa ndalama

Koma pamodzi ndi zabwino zake, kuyika ndalama ku China kulinso ndi zovuta zingapo:

• kusatsimikizika koyambitsidwa ndi ndale;
• kuthekera kwa “nkhondo yamalonda” kuchokera ku US ndi EU;
• chiopsezo choika zilango;
• kusalondola kwa zomwe zaperekedwa.

Kodi ndizomveka kugula “tchipisi zabuluu” zaku China

Mosakayikira, ndikofunikira kugula magawo amakampani aku China. Gawo lina la masheya, makampani osangalatsa kwambiri aku China, akuyenera kukhalapo m’mabizinesi azachuma ngati chinthu chothandizira kukula. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito ma stock a blue-chip aku China kuti mupange ndalama zongopanga ndalama sikungakhale kothandiza.