Blue chips Akatale k’emigabo mu China 2024

Leero, China y’emu ku nsi ezisinga obunene era ezikula amangu mu by’enfuna mu nsi yonna. Mu China mulimu amakampuni amanene mangi era bino si bitongole bya tekinologiya wa waggulu byokka. Omugatte gw’ensimbi za kkampuni za China 170 ezisinga obunene olwaleero zisusse obuwumbi bwa ddoola musanvu n’ekitundu. N’olwekyo, okufuna emigabo gyabwe awatali kubuusabuusa kya mugaso eri
enjawulo mu kifo ky’okusiga ensimbi .

Ensengeka y’emigabo mu katale k’emigabo mu China

Emigabo gy’Abachina, okufaananako n’emirala gyonna, akatale k’emigabo kagabanyizibwamu ebitundu bisatu.

Omutendera ogusooka

Omutendera ogusooka gulimu sitoowa ezisinga okubeera n’obusobozi bw’okusasula ssente ennyingi. Kkampuni ezifulumizza emigabo zitebenkedde nnyo, kumpi tezifaayo ku nkyukakyuka entonotono mu katale. Zirina omugerageranyo gwa waggulu nnyo, nga 90%, free-float n’okusaasaana okufunda. Eno ye bbululu ya China.

Free-float – ebitundu ku kikumi eby’emigabo egyasuubulirwa mu ddembe ku katale okutuuka ku muwendo gwonna ogw’emigabo gya kkampuni.
Spread kiraga enjawulo wakati w’ebbeeyi y’okugula n’okutunda emigabo mu kiseera kimu.

Okusinziira ku muwendo gwa Hang Seng Index (HSI) (omuwendo gw’ebintu eby’omu Hong Kong). Olukalala lwa bbululu mu China kuliko kkampuni ennene nga Geely Automobile, Galaxy Entertainment Group, Lenovo n’endala.

Ebikuta bya bbululu eby’Abachina

Wabula omuwendo gwa bbululu omukulu ogw’Abachina gwe SSE 50 Index. Mulimu kkampuni 50 ezisinga obunene mu China, ezisinga okubeera n’omuwendo omunene, era emigabo gyazo giraga nti gikola bulungi mu by’okwesigamizibwa n’okusasula ssente. Olukalala luno lulimu ebitongole bya bbanka, amakolero n’eby’obusuubuzi ebimanyiddwa ennyo ku katale k’ensi yonna, omuli, nga – Bank of China, Orient Securities; Bbanka y’e Beijing; PetroChina (ekitongole ekisoose mu nsi yonna okutuuka ku mutendera gwa kapito wa ddoola akawumbi kamu); China National Nuclear Power n’endala.

Omutendera ogwokubiri

Zino migabo gya kkampuni ennene ennyo ezirina, wadde nga ntono okusinga ku mutendera ogusooka, naye nga zirina eddaala erya waggulu ennyo ery’okusasula ssente. Sitooki z’omutendera ogw’okubiri zibeera za wakati mu mugerageranyo gwa free-float, obungi bw’okutunda, akabi n’okuddamu. Okusaasaana kwa sitokisi ng’ezo kugazi nnyo okusinga ku bbululu.

omutendera ogw’okusatu

Emigabo gya kkampuni ez’omutendera ogw’okusatu girina ssente entono ennyo, girina omuwendo omutono n’omugerageranyo gwa free-float. Omuwendo gw’okusuubula emigabo gino mutono. Zitwala obulabe obw’amaanyi n’okusaasaana okugazi ennyo. Emitendera esatu egya sitoowa z’Abachina:

Olukalala lwa sitoowa za blue chip ez’akatale k’emigabo mu China

Mu September wa 2021, China yafulumya olukalala lw’ebitongole 500 ebisinga obunene mu ssaza lino. Okusinziira ku lukalala olwafulumiziddwa awamu ekibiina ekigatta badayirekita b’ebitongole mu China n’ekibiina ekigatta abasuubuzi ekya China Enterprise Confederation. Enyingiza y’ebitongole bino byonna awamu yatuuka ku buwumbi bwa JPY 89.83 (obuwumbi bwa ddoola 13.9). era yalaga okweyongera mu magoba ga bitundu 4.43%, bwe kigeraageranyizibwa ku kiseera kye kimu eky’omwaka oguwedde. Amagoba agafunibwa ebitongole bino mu 2020 gawera obuwumbi bwa JPY 4.07 (nga geeyongera ebitundu 4.59%). Omutendera gw’ensimbi eziyingira mu mirimu ezeetaagisa okuteekebwa ku lukalala nagwo gwalinnya, gwatuuka ku buwumbi 39.24 eza JPY, nga zino zisinga obuwumbi 3.28 eza JPY okusinga mu kiseera ekyayita. Kkampuni ezaafuna ssente ezisoba mu buwumbi bwa JPY 100 zasukka 200 (mu butuufu kkampuni 222) era 8 ku zo zasukka akawumbi ka JPY kamu.
Wadde nga waliwo okulwanagana okuliwo wakati wa Amerika ne China, ensengeka y’okufulumya eby’oluvannyuma eteredde nnyo. Ekifuula emigabo gya kkampuni z’Abachina okusikiriza ennyo mu katale k’emigabo. Olukalala lwa kkampuni ezisinga obunene (Chinese blue chips) kuliko kkampuni za tekinologiya ow’omulembe ezikola mu by’okufulumya, eby’empuliziganya. Olukalala lw’amakampuni 8 agasinga obunene mu China (blue chips) okusinziira ku FORTUNE GLOBAL 500:

Kkampuni z’Abachina eziwerako ezikola ‘blue-chip’

Kkampuni zino ze zisinga okusuubiza okuteeka ssente mu bizinensi, wamu n’okukola n’emigabo gyazo ku butale bw’emigabo. Balina omutindo gwa kapito ogw’ekika ekya waggulu, era baleeta enyingiza ennyingi buli kiseera. Emigabo gyabwe gisikiriza okuteekebwamu ssente okumala ebbanga eddene. Kale okugeza:
State Grid kkampuni ya gavumenti eya China, kkampuni esinga obunene mu nsi yonna ezimba amabibiro ga nukiriya mu mawanga mangi ag’ensi yonna era egaba amasannyalaze mu PRC yonna. Okugatta ku ekyo, ng’eyita mu kkampuni zaayo, eteeka nnyo ssente mu kukulaakulanya emikutu gy’amasannyalaze n’okuzimba ebifo ebipya ebweru w’eggwanga (Brazil, Philippines, n’ebirala)

Okusinziira ku bivudde mu ffulaayi eno, embeera y’ebyensimbi ya kkampuni eno eri bweti.

China National Petroleum– kkampuni esinga obunene ey’amafuta ne ggaasi mu China, nga ya gavumenti ddala era ng’erina ekifo eky’obwannannyini ku katale k’omunda mu ggwanga. Mulimu amakampuni agawerako agakolagana nabo (PetroChina, Kunlun Energy, n’ebirala). We bwazibidde mu mwaka gwa 2019, eby’obugagga byayo byonna awamu byali bya buwumbi bwa JPY 2.732, era omuwendo gw’abakozi gutuuka kumpi abantu emitwalo 500. Bbeeyi ya sitoowa ya China National Petroleum leero eri nti:
Era enkyukakyuka n’okuteebereza kwayo:
Bbululu endala ez’Abachina, eziragiddwa mu kipande, ziraga enkyukakyuka nga ezifaanagana.

Engeri y’okugulamu blue chips z’Abachina

Obutebenkevu n’amagoba g’emiwendo gy’emiwendo gya China egya bbululu gigifuula ebigendererwa ebisikiriza eby’okusiga ensimbi. Osobola okugula empapula zino.

ku butale bw’emigabo mu Russia

Ebifo ebimu eby’emiwendo gy’ebintu eby’Abachina bituukirirwa nnyo ku katale k’emigabo mu Russia. Bino si migabo gyokka, wabula ne
lisiiti z’okutereka (ADRs). Zitambula mu ddembe ku katale k’emigabo e St. Petersburg era nga ziwandiikibwa mu ddoola za Amerika. Ku katale k’emigabo ka St. Petersburg osobola okugula:

• Kkampuni ya Alibaba Group Holding Limited (BABA);
• Ekitongole kya Aluminiyamu ekya China Li (ACH);
• Ekitongole kya Baidu Inc. (BIDU) nga bagamba nti;
• Kkampuni y’ennyonyi eya China Eastern Airlines (CEA);
• China Kkampuni ya Yinsuwa y’obulamu Lim. (LFC) nga bwe kiri;
• Kkampuni y’ennyonyi eya China Southern Airlines (ZNH);
• Mwasuze mutya Ekibiina Inc. (MOMO) nga bwe kiri;
• Huaneng amaanyi g’ensi yonna Inc. (HNP) nga bwe kiri;
• Ekibiina kya Huazhu ekya kkampuni ya HTHT);
• com, inc. (JD) nga bwe kiri;
• JOYY Inc. (YY) nga bwe kiri;
• Ekitongole kya NetEase Inc. (NTES) nga bwe kiri;
• Kkampuni ya PetroChina ekola ku nsonga z’amafuta (PTR);
• Kkampuni ya Sinopec Shanghai ekola ku by’amafuta (SHI);
• com Ekitongole ekikoma (SOHU);
• Ekibiina ky’ebyenjigiriza ekya TAL (TAL);
• Kkampuni ya Vipshop Holdings Limited (VIPS) ekola ku nsonga eno;
• Ekitongole kya Weibo (WB);
• China Mobile (Hong Kong) kkampuni ekola ku by’okutambula. (CHL) nga bwe kiri;
• China Telecom Corporation Ekkomo (CHA) .

Ate abalala, leero bifo nga 30. Ku Moscow Exchange, quotation ekolebwa mu rubles era eragiddwa mu nkola zino wammanga enkulu:

• Alibaba Group Holding Limited (BABA-RM) ekitongole kya kkampuni eno.
• Ekitongole kya Baidu Inc. (BIDU-RM) nga bwe kiri.
• Kkampuni ya PetroChina Ekoma (PTR-RM) .
• com, inc. (JD-RM) nga bwe kiri.
• Li Auto Inc. (LI-RM) .
• Ekitongole kya NIO Inc. (NIO-RM) nga bwe kiri.
• Ekibiina ky’ebyenjigiriza ekya TAL (TAL-RM) .
• Kkampuni ya Vipshop Holdings Limited (VIPS-RM) ekola ku nsonga z’okugula ebintu mu ggwanga.

Wabula omuwendo gw’ebintu by’oyinza okukozesa gukyagenda mu maaso n’okweyongera buli lukya. Ku basuubuzi abasinga abaakatandika mu katale k’emigabo, kino kiyinza okumala. Si kizibu kutandika kukola nabo, kimala nnyo okuggulawo
akawunti y’okusiga ensimbi ssekinnoomu (exchange account). Okusinziira ku ngeri emigabo gye gyawandiikibwa ku katale k’emigabo mu Russia, girina olukalala lwonna olw’emigaso gy’omusolo egikwata ku kufuna emigabo gya kkampuni z’omunda mu ggwanga.

Nga bayita mu ba broker abava ebweru

Bamusigansimbi abaagala okukola ne blue chips ez’enjawulo ez’Abachina okusinga akatale k’omunda mu ggwanga basobola okuggulawo akawunti ku ba broker ab’ebweru w’eggwanga. Emigabo gya China egya “blue chips” egyasinga obungi mu 2021 gyasuubulirwa ku busuubuzi bwa Amerika (New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, n’endala). Okusobola okutandika okusuubula emigabo gy’Abachina ku exchange zino, olina okutuukirira ba broker abatuufu, nga:

• Charles Schwab, ow’emyaka egy’obukulu.
• E*Obusuubuzi, .
• Ba Brokers abakwatagana, .
• TD Ameritrade, n’abalala.

Nga bayita mu kuteeka ssente obutereevu mu China

Ensimbi eziteekebwa butereevu butereevu mu China zijja kufuuka ze zisinga okuvaamu amagoba era nga zikola bulungi, kino kijja kukusobozesa okukozesa akasiimo akatono ennyo, naye ssente ezigenda okuteekebwamu zijja kuba nnyingi nnyo, era kino tekisuubirwa kuba kirungi eri bamusigansimbi abatandisi.

Nga bayita mu kuteeka ssente mu migatte gy’Abachina egy’awamu

Engeri endala ey’okufunamu okumanyibwa ku sitoowa z’Abachina kwe kufuna ΕTF. Nga ateeka ssente mu ΕTF, omusigansimbi tagula migabo gya muntu kinnoomu, wabula amangu ago agula bbulooka y’emigabo mu kkampuni ez’enjawulo ez’Abachina. Bwe kityo, okuteeka ssente si mu kkampuni entongole, wabula mu katale k’emigabo konna aka China. ΕTF osobola okugigula ku Moscow Exchange. Mu bino mulimu, AKCH, eddukanya kkampuni ya OOO MC Alfa-Capital ne FXCN, eddukanya kkampuni ya FinEx Funds plc.
Akakiiko ka fund kali 0.9% buli mwaka, eby’obugagga biwandiikibwa mu yen, wabula, okusuubula kukolebwa mu doola za Amerika ne rubles, Solactive GBS China ex A-Shares Large & Mid Cap USD indices zirondoolebwa. Ebitundu ebikulu birimu emigabo gya Tencent Holdings Ltd., Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. ne Meituan Class B, balina ebitundu ebisoba mu 1/3 ku nsimbi ze bateekamu ssente, nga kino kirimu emigabo 230. Ensawo ya Alfa Capital eya AKCH esuubulirwa okuwanyisiganya ssente elondoola kkampuni ya Xtrackers Harvest – 60% ne KraneShares China – 40%. Amala kugula ssente za ASHR ne KWEB ezisuubulirwa mu kuwaanyisiganya ssente, naye ssente ze ziri 1.61%. Eno ye ssente, nga tobaliddeemu ssente za ETF, 0.65% ku ASHR ne 0.76% ku KWEB. Obusuubuzi bukolebwa mu rubles.

Emigaso n’akabi akali mu kuteeka ssente mu bbululu mu katale k’e China

Mu myaka egiyise, China ekulaakulanye n’amaanyi ag’ekyewuunyo, era leero mu butuufu etwalibwa ng’eggwanga ery’okubiri (oluvannyuma lwa Amerika) mu by’enfuna mu nsi yonna. Wabula mu kiseera kye kimu, tewali kukkiriziganya mu bamusigansimbi ku ntegeka y’ebyenfuna byayo. Kino kivudde ku nkola y’ebyobufuzi eriwo mu ggwanga. Okugatta ku ekyo, Amerika ewakanya okugaziya kkampuni z’Abachina ebweru ezisukkiridde. N’olwekyo, mu kuteebereza okw’omwaka 2022, endowooza nti enkulaakulana y’ebyenfuna bya China ejja kukendeera nnyo yeeyongera okufuga. Kino tekiyinza butakosa muwendo n’amagoba ga bbululu w’Abachina. Era mu butonde kyongera ku bulabe bw’okuteeka ssente mu bizinensi okumala ebbanga eddene.

Olina Okuteeka Ssente Meka Mu China Blue Chips?

Mu mbeera ng’eyo etali ya maanyi, ng’ogula emigabo gya kkampuni z’Abachina, okubeera n’ekigero kiteekwa okutunuulirwa. Tewali bukakafu nti enkya eyakaayakana erindiridde amakampuni gonna mu ggwanga lino. Naye omuntu tasaanidde kubuusa maaso nti ebyenfuna bya China bibadde wala nnyo okumalawo obusobozi bwabyo era nga birina byonna ebyetaagisa okusobola okugenda mu maaso n’okukulaakulana okw’amangu. N’olwekyo, eky’okugonjoola ekisinga obulungi kyandibadde okuteeka ssente mu bbululu w’Abachina ebitundu 6-12% ku kifo kyo eky’okuteeka ssente. Kino kikusobozesa okukendeeza ku bulabe bwo ate mu kiseera kye kimu n’ofuna ku nsimbi z’otaddemu.

Emigaso gy’okuteeka ssente mu bbululu wa China

Ebirungi ebitaliimu kubuusabuusa ebiri mu kuteeka ssente mu migatte gya China mulimu:

• omuwendo gw’enkulaakulana ya GDP enkulu (ku kigero ekisukka mu 8% buli mwaka) okumala emyaka egiwerako;
• omugabo omunene ogw’ebintu ebikolebwa mu tekinologiya ow’ekika ekya waggulu mu byenfuna by’eggwanga;
• okuvuganya okw’amaanyi okw’ebyamaguzi by’Abachina mu katale k’ebweru;
• omuwendo omutono ogw’abakozi n’okubeerawo kw’abantu bangi nnyo abasobola;
• okufuga okunywevu okukolebwa ab’obuyinza, ekikendeeza ennyo ku busobozi bw’okukozesa obubi n’okulimba bamusigansimbi.

Ebizibu ebiri mu kuteeka ssente mu bizinensi

Wabula ng’oggyeeko ebirungi ebirimu, okuteeka ssente mu China nakyo kirina ebizibu ebiwerako:

• obutali bukakafu obuleetebwa enkola y’ebyobufuzi;
• okusobola okubaawo “olutalo lw’ebyobusuubuzi” okuva mu Amerika ne EU;
• akabi akali mu kussaawo envumbo;
• obutali butuufu bwa data eweereddwa.

Kikola amakulu okugula “blue chips” z’Abachina.

Tewali kubuusabuusa nti kirungi okugula emigabo gya kkampuni z’Abachina. Omugabo ogumu ogwa sitoowa, kkampuni z’Abachina ezisinga okunyumira, zirina okubaawo mu bifo eby’okusiga ensimbi ng’eky’obugagga ekiyinza okukulaakulana. Naye okukozesa sitoowa za China eza blue-chip okukola passive income tekiba kya mugaso.