Kajeno, China ke e ‘ngoe ea linaha tse kholo ka ho fetisisa le tse holang ka potlako ho fetisisa lefatšeng. Ho na le likoporasi tse ngata tse kholo Chaena, ‘me tsena ha se linatla tsa theknoloji e phahameng feela. Kakaretso ea chelete ea lik’hamphani tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa Machaena tse 170 kajeno e fetile $7.5 trillion. Ka hona, ho fumanoa ha likarolo tsa bona ha ho pelaelo hore ho na le thahasello bakeng sa ho fapanyetsana ha lichelete tsa lichelete .
- Sebopeho sa kabelo ea ‘maraka oa setoko oa China
- Lekhetlo la pele
- Li-chips tsa China tse putsoa
- Nako ea bobeli
- mokhahlelo oa boraro
- Lethathamo la li-blue chip stocks tsa ‘maraka oa China
- Lik’hamphani tse ‘maloa tsa China tsa blue-chip
- Mokhoa oa ho reka li-chips tsa China tse putsoa
- ka li-stock tsa Russia
- Ka barekisi ba kantle ho naha
- Ka matsete a tobileng Chaena
- Ka matsete a kopanetsoeng ho matsete a China
- Melemo le likotsi tsa ho tsetela ho li-chips tse putsoa ‘marakeng oa China
- U Lokela ho Tsetela bokae ho Chinese Blue Chips?
- Melemo ea ho tsetela ho China’s blue chips
- Litšenyehelo tsa matsete
- Na hoa utloahala ho reka “chips” tsa China?
Sebopeho sa kabelo ea ‘maraka oa setoko oa China
Likabelo tsa Machaena, joalo ka tse ling, ‘maraka oa setoko o arotsoe ka li-echelon tse tharo.
Lekhetlo la pele
Mokhahlelo oa pele o kenyelletsa li-stock tse nang le boemo bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba chelete. Lik’hamphani tse faneng ka liabo li tsitsitse haholo, li batla li sa tsotelle liphetoho tse nyane ‘marakeng. Li na le tekanyo e phahameng haholo, e ka bang 90%, karo-karolelano ea mahala le ho ata ha moqotetsane. Ena ke li-chips tsa China tse putsoa.
Free-float – peresente ea dishere tse rekisoang ka bolokolohi ‘marakeng ho ea ho palo eohle ea likarolo tsa khampani. Ho ata ke sesupo sa phapang lipakeng tsa theko ea ho reka le ho rekisa likarolo ka nako e le ‘ngoe.
Ho ea ka Index ea Hang Seng (HSI) (Hong Kong Stock Exchange Index). Lethathamo la li-chips tse putsoa naheng ea China le kenyelletsa linatla tse kang Geely Automobile, Galaxy Entertainment Group, Lenovo le tse ling.
Li-chips tsa China tse putsoa
Leha ho le joalo, index ea mantlha ea China ea boputsoa ke SSE 50 Index. E kenyelletsa lik’hamphani tse 50 tse kholo ka ho fetisisa Chaena, tse nang le boemo bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba lichelete, ‘me likarolo tsa tsona li bontša ts’ebetso e ntle ka ho fetisisa mabapi le botšepehi le lichelete. Lethathamo lena le kenyelletsa libanka, liindasteri le likoporasi tse tsebahalang haholo ‘marakeng oa lefatše, ho kenyelletsa, joalo ka – Bank of China, Orient Securities; Banka ea Beijing; PetroChina (mokhatlo oa pele oa lefats’e oa ho fihlela boemo ba capitalization ea $ 1 trillion); China Naha ea Matla a Nyutlelie le tse ling.
Nako ea bobeli
Tsena ke likarolo tsa lik’hamphani tse kholo tse nang le, le hoja li le tlase ho echelon ea pele, empa li na le tekanyo e phahameng ea lichelete. Li-stock tsa boemo ba bobeli li na le karolelano ho ea ka karolelano ea mahala, bophahamo ba thekiso, likotsi le phaello. Ho ata ha li-stocks tse joalo ho pharalletse haholo ho feta li-chips tse putsoa.
mokhahlelo oa boraro
Likarolo tsa lik’hamphani tsa sehlopha sa boraro li na le boemo bo tlase haholo ba lichelete, li na le theko e tlase haholo le karolelano ea mahala. Palo ea khoebo ea likarolo tsena e nyane. Li na le likotsi tse kholo le ho ata haholo. Li-echelon tse tharo tsa li-stock tsa China:
Lethathamo la li-blue chip stocks tsa ‘maraka oa China
Ka Loetse 2021, China e phatlalalitse lethathamo la likhoebo tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tse 500 seterekeng. Ho ea ka lenane le hatisitsoeng ka kopanelo ke Mokhatlo oa Batsamaisi ba Khoebo ea China le Mokhatlo oa Khoebo oa China. Chelete e kopaneng ea likhoebo tsena e fihlile ho 89.83 trillion JPY (liranta tse libilione tse 13.9). mme e bontšitse keketseho ea phaello ea 4.43%, ka ho latellana, ha e bapisoa le nako e tšoanang ea selemo se fetileng. Phaello e fumanoeng ke likhoebo tsena ka 2020 e bile rekoto ea 4.07 trillion JPY (keketseho ea 4.59%). Tekanyo ea chelete ea ts’ebetso e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho kenngoa lethathamong le eona e ile ea phahama, e fihlile ho 39.24 limilione tse likete tsa JPY, e leng 3.28 limilione tse likete tsa JPY ho feta nakong e fetileng. Likhamphani tseo lekeno la tsona le ileng la hola ka ho feta JPY 100 billion ho feta 200 (ha e le hantle ke lik’hamphani tse 222) ‘me tse 8 tsa tsona li ile tsa feta moeli oa JPY 1 trillion.
| Boemo marakeng oa Chaena | Lebitso la K’hamphani | Ho kheloha | E fana ka limilione tsa $ | Beha ho latela FORTUNE GLOBAL 500 |
| 1 | Grid ea Naha | Beijing | 386618 | 2 |
| 2 | China National Petroleum | Beijing | 283958 | nne |
| 3 | Sehlopha sa Sinopec | Beijing | 283728 | hlano |
| nne | China State Construction Engineering | Beijing | 234425 | 13 |
| hlano | Ping An Inshorense | Shenzhen | 191509 | leshome le metso e tsheletseng |
| 6 | Banka ea Liindasteri le Khoebo ea Chaena | Beijing | 182794 | 20 |
| 7 | Banka ea Kaho ea Chaena | Beijing | 172000 | 25 |
| 8 | Banka ea Temo ea Chaena | Beijing | 153885 | 29 |
Lik’hamphani tse ‘maloa tsa China tsa blue-chip
Lik’hamphani tsena ke tsona tse tšepisang ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa matsete, hammoho le ho sebetsa ka likarolo tsa bona ‘marakeng oa lichelete. Ba na le boemo bo phahameng ba capitalization, ‘me ba tlisa chelete e ngata khafetsa. Likarolo tsa bona li khahla bakeng sa matsete a nako e telele. Ka mohlala: State Grid ke k’hamphani ea ‘muso oa Chaena, khoebo e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng e hahang libaka tsa matla a nyutlelie linaheng tse ngata tsa lefats’e le ho aba motlakase ho pholletsa le PRC. Ho phaella moo, ka lithuso tsa eona, e kenya letsoho ka matla ho nts’etsopele ea marang-rang a matla le kaho ea mehaho e mecha linaheng tse ling (Brazil, Philippines, joalo-joalo)
Mokhoa oa ho reka li-chips tsa China tse putsoa
Botsitso le phaello ea li-securities tsa China tsa blue-chip li etsa hore e be lipehelo tse khahlehang tsa matsete. U ka reka lipampiri tsena.
ka li-stock tsa Russia
Maemo a mang a litšireletso tsa China a fumaneha haholo ‘marakeng oa setoko sa Russia. Tsena ha se liabo feela, empa le lirisiti tsa depositary (ADRs). Li potoloha ka bolokolohi St. Petersburg Stock Exchange ‘me li qotsoa ka lidolara tsa US. Ka phapanyetsano ea thepa ea St. Petersburg u ka reka:
- Alibaba Group Holding Limited (BABA);
- Aluminium Corporation ea Chaena Li (ACH);
- Baidu Inc. (BIDU);
- China Eastern Airlines Corporati (CEA);
- China Life Insurance Company Lim. (LFC);
- Khampani ea China Southern Airlines (ZNH);
- Hello Group Inc. (MOMO);
- Huaneng Power International Inc. (HNP);
- Huazhu Group Limited (HTHT);
- com, inc. (JD);
- JOYY Inc. (YY);
- Sehlopha sa NetEase Inc. (NTES);
- PetroChina Company Limited (PTR);
- Sinopec Shanghai Petrochemical (SHI);
- com Limited (SOHU);
- Sehlopha sa Thuto sa TAL (TAL);
- Vipshop Holdings Limited (VIPS);
- Weibo Corporation (WB);
- China Mobile (Hong Kong) Ltd. (CHL);
- China Telecom Corporation Limited (CHA)
Le ba bang, kajeno e ka ba 30 maemo. Ho Moscow Exchange, quotation e etsoa ka li-ruble ‘me e hlahisoa ka likhetho tse latelang tse ka sehloohong:
- Alibaba Group Holding Limited (BABA-RM)
- Baidu Inc. (BIDU-RM)
- PetroChina Company Limited (PTR-RM)
- com, inc. (JD-RM)
- Li Auto Inc. (LI-RM)
- Sehlopha sa NIO Inc. (NIO-RM)
- Sehlopha sa Thuto sa TAL (TAL-RM)
- Vipshop Holdings Limited (VIPS-RM)
Leha ho le joalo, palo ea likhetho e ntse e eketseha butle-butle. Bakeng sa bahoebi ba bangata ba sa tsoa qala ‘marakeng oa lichelete, sena se ka ba se lekaneng. Ha ho thata ho qala ho sebetsa le bona, ho lekane ho bula ak’haonte ea matsete a motho ka mong (akhaonto ea phapanyetsano). Kaha likarolo li ne li thathamisitsoe ho Russia Stock Exchange, li tlas’a lethathamo lohle la melemo ea lekhetho e sebetsang ho fumana likarolo tsa lik’hamphani tsa malapeng.
Ka barekisi ba kantle ho naha
Bareki ba batlang ho sebetsa ka mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea li-chips tsa China tse putsoa ho feta tseo ‘maraka oa lapeng o ka fanang ka tsona ba ka bula li-account le barekisi ba mose ho maoatle. Palo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea likarolo tsa “chips” tsa China ka 2021 li ile tsa rekisoa ka phapanyetsano ea US (New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, le tse ling). Bakeng sa ho qala ho rekisa likabelo tsa Machaena ka phapanyetsano ena, o lokela ho ikopanya le barekisi ba nepahetseng, joalo ka:
- Charles Schwab,
- E* Khoebo,
- Interactive Brokers,
- TD Ameritrade, le ba bang.
Ka matsete a tobileng Chaena
Matsete a tobileng ka kotloloho ho China a tla fetoha chelete e ngata ebile e le molemo ka ho fetesisa, sena se tla u lumella ho sebelisa khomishene e tlase, empa chelete e tla tseteloa e tla ba kholo haholo, ‘me sena ha se na monyetla oa hore se tšoanele batseteli ba qalang.
Ka matsete a kopanetsoeng ho matsete a China
Mokhoa o mong oa ho fumana monyetla oa ho pepesehela metšoasong ea China ke ka ho fumana ΕTF. Ka ho tsetela ho ΕTF, motseteli ha a reke likarolo tsa motho ka mong, empa hang-hang o reka karolo ea likarolo lik’hamphaning tse fapaneng tsa China. Kahoo, ho tsetela chelete eseng k’hamphaning e itseng, empa ‘marakeng oohle oa China. ΕTF e ka rekoa ho Moscow Exchange. Tsena li kenyelletsa, AKCH, mosebeletsi oa OOO MC Alfa-Capital le FXCN, mosebeletsi oa FinEx Funds plc.
Melemo le likotsi tsa ho tsetela ho li-chips tse putsoa ‘marakeng oa China
Lilemong tse mashome tsa morao tjena, Chaena e tsoetse pele ka matla a makatsang, ‘me kajeno e nkoa e le ea bobeli (ka mor’a United States) moruo oa lefatše. Empa ka nako e ts’oanang, ha ho na tumellano pakeng tsa bo-ramatsete mabapi le botsitso ba moruo oa eona. Sena se bakoa ke tsamaiso ea lipolotiki e renang ka har’a naha. Ntle le moo, United States e hanana le keketseho e matla ea kantle ea lik’hamphani tsa China. Ka hona, ponelopeleng ea 2022, maikutlo a hore kholo ea moruo oa China e tla fokotseha haholo e ntse e eketseha le ho feta. Sena se ka ama boleng le phaello ea li-chips tsa China tse putsoa. ‘Me ka tlhaho ho eketsa likotsi tsa matsete a nako e telele.
U Lokela ho Tsetela bokae ho Chinese Blue Chips?
Boemong bo joalo bo sa hlakang, ha u reka likarolo tsa lik’hamphani tsa Chaena, ho lokela ho hlokomeloa ho leka-lekana. Ha ho na bonnete ba hore hosane e khanyang e emetse lik’hamphani tsohle naheng ena. Empa motho ha aa lokela ho iphapanyetsa taba ea hore moruo oa Chaena o hole haholo le ho felloa ke matla ‘me o na le lintho tsohle tse hlokahalang bakeng sa kholo e tsoelang pele e potlakileng. Ka hona, tharollo e molemohali e ka ba ho tsetela ho li-chips tsa China tse putsoa 6-12% ea matsete a hau. Sena se u lumella ho fokotsa likotsi tsa hau mme ka nako e ts’oanang u fumane chelete ka matsete.
Melemo ea ho tsetela ho China’s blue chips
Melemo e sa tsitsang ea ho tsetela ho li-securities tsa China e kenyelletsa:
- sekhahla se phahameng sa kholo ea GDP (ka karolelano e fetang 8% ka selemo) ka lilemo tse ngata;
- karolo e phahameng ea tlhahiso ea theknoloji e phahameng moruong oa naha;
- tlholisano e phahameng ea thepa ea Sechaena ‘marakeng oa kantle ho naha;
- theko e tlase ea basebetsi le ho ba teng ha palo e kholo ea batho ba nang le bokhoni;
- taolo e thata ke ba boholong, e leng ho fokotsa haholo monyetla oa ho qhekella le ho thetsa batsetedi.
Litšenyehelo tsa matsete
Empa hammoho le melemo, ho tsetela Chaena ho boetse ho na le mathata a mangata:
- ho hloka botsitso ho bakoang ke tsamaiso ea lipolotiki;
- monyetla oa “ntoa ea khoebo” e tsoang US le EU;
- kotsi ea ho beha likotlo;
- ho se nepahale ha data e fanoeng.
Na hoa utloahala ho reka “chips” tsa China?
Ntle ho pelaelo, ho eletsoa ho reka likarolo tsa lik’hamphani tsa Chaena. Karolo e ‘ngoe ea li-stock, lik’hamphani tse thahasellisang ka ho fetisisa tsa Machaena, li lokela ho ba teng licheleteng tsa lichelete e le letlotlo bakeng sa kholo e ka bang teng. Empa ho sebelisa li-stocks tsa China-blue-chip ho hlahisa chelete e sa sebetseng ha ho na thuso.
