Isalathisi se-MACD – inkcazo kunye nesicelo, izicwangciso zokurhweba

Isalathisi se-MACD (i-Moving Average Convergence / Divergence) ekurhwebeni – inkcazo kunye nesicelo, indlela yokusebenzisa, isicwangciso sokurhweba. Isalathisi se-MACD (i-Makdi) yi-oscillator enye ethandwayo, ethi ngo-2022 ifakwe kwiphakheji eqhelekileyo yezibonakaliso zaso nasiphi na isiphelo. Isalathiso, njengoko igama lisitsho, sisekwe ekudibaneni nasekuhlukaneni kweMiba yokuHamba, yaqanjwa ngumrhwebi odumileyo uGerald Appel.
I-Linear Macdi ibalwa njengomahluko wemiyinge emibini ehambayo ye-exponential – engagqibekanga i-12 kunye ne-26, ukugudisa umphumo omnye ongagqibekanga ohambayo, umzekelo, ixesha le-9 – umgca wesignali wongezwa. Iiparameters zesalathisi zichaza amaxesha okuhamba kwee-avareji kwaye ngawaphi amaxabiso ofuna ukuwakha (ukuvalwa, ukuvulwa, ubuncinci, ubuninzi, i-medial). I-MACD inokuthatha zombini amaxabiso angalunganga kunye afanelekileyo. Kukholelwa ukuba ixesha elide likhethwa xa i-MACD ingaphezulu kwe-zero, ukufumana imigca ye-MACD ngaphantsi kwe-zero ibonisa ukuhla. Kukho kwakhona i-histogram kwitshathi yesalathisi, nto leyo umehluko phakathi kwee-avareji ezihambayo – umgca we-MACD kunye nomgca wesignali. Ngokuxhomekeke kumandla omzila, umahluko unokunyuka, unciphise, okanye uhlale ungatshintshi. I-MACD, njengezalathisi ezininzi, isebenza kakuhle ngamaxesha amakhulu, iiparameters zakhethwa ngokusekelwe kurhwebo kwiitshathi zemihla ngemihla. Umrhwebi wokurhweba nge-intraday kufuneka akhethe iiparamitha ngokuzimeleyo kwisixhobo ngasinye.

Ingqiqo ye-MACD

Umgaqo wesalathisi ulula – ubonisa umlinganiselo wexesha elifutshane elihambelana nexesha elide. Ngayo, unokumisela amandla omzila. Ukuba umkhwa uqala ukukhawuleza, isalathisi sidonsa imivalo ephezulu kunye nephezulu, umgca wesalathisi uyaphambuka ngakumbi kumgca wesignali. Umkhwa uthathwa njengozinzile ukuba iihistograms ziphezulu kwaye zinombala ofanayo. Ukuba imibala ye-histogram itshintsha ngokukhawuleza enye kwenye, kukho ukungaqiniseki kwimarike. Xa umkhwa unciphisa, imivalo iqala ukuhla, kwaye imigca yeMacdi iyadibana. Oku kubonisa ixesha lokuzinzisa okanye ukubuyisela umva. Ngokungagqibekanga, amaxesha okuhamba okuhambayo angama-12-26, kwaye umgca wesignali unexesha le-9.

Umrhwebi unokuzama ezi xabiso, ukuzihlengahlengisa kwisixhobo kunye nexesha elibekiweyo, kodwa khumbula ukuba ixesha lomyinge ohamba ngokukhawuleza kufuneka libe sisiqingatha sesocothayo.

Iimpawu zokurhweba

Isalathisi se-MACD sinikeza iintlobo ezininzi zeempawu, umrhwebi unokuqikelela ukuhamba kwexabiso usebenzisa i-histogram okanye imigca yesalathisi:

1. I-Histogram inqumla u-zero . Lo mqondiso ubonisa ukudibanisa kwexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide elihambahambayo. Ukuba isalathisi siwela i-zero ukusuka phezulu ukuya phezulu, iintengiso zivuliwe, kwaye ukuba ukusuka phezulu ukuya phezulu, ukuthengwa kuvulwa. Ilahleko yokuyeka yokukhusela isetyenziselwe i-extremum esondeleyo okanye njenge-0.2-0.5% yentshukumo ye-asethi.
2. MACD histogram phezulu nasezantsi kwimarike . Abarhwebi baqaphela ukuziphatha kwe-histogram yesalathisi kwixabiso eligqithiseleyo. Ukuba ixabiso lenza ukutsiba okunamandla ukuya kwindlela, kwaye i-histograms ibe yincinci, umrhwebi ugqiba ekubeni umkhwa usondela ekugqityweni. Kwimeko enjalo, umsebenzisi ukhangele i-countertrend trades, imiyalelo yokumisa yokukhusela ibekwe ngaphezu kwe-extremum. Kufuneka zifakwe, kwi-trend eqinile, nge-inertia, ngaphambi kokuguqulwa, ixabiso lingabhala kwakhona ubuninzi okanye ubuncinci amaxesha amabini okanye amathathu. I-histogram kwiimeko ezinjalo ibonisa iindawo ezithengiswa kakhulu kunye nezithengiswe kakhulu.

Ukwahluka

Olona phawu lunamandla lwe-histogram lwe-MACD luntlukwano olwenzeka ekupheleni kwendlela xa imarike izakubuyela umva. Lo mqondiso akulula ukuwuqaphela kubaqalayo; isetyenziswa ngabarhwebi abanamava. Ixabiso liyaqhubeka lisenza izinto ezintsha, kodwa i-histogram yesalathisi ayifuni. Kukho iimeko apho ukuhlukana kuphuka. I-extremum yexabiso elilandelayo ihambelana ne-histogram extremums, nangona ngaphambi kokuba isalathisi asikwazanga ukuseta i-peak entsha. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuseta ilahleko yokuyeka ukukhusela. Ukwahlukana kwe-bearish kwenzeka kwi-uptrend kwaye ukuhlukana kwe-bullish kwenzeka kwi-downtrend.

Ukuwela imigca ye-MACD

Xa umgca wesignali uwela eyona nto iphambili ukusuka phezulu ukuya ngasezantsi, abahwebi baqikelela ukwehla okusondeleyo kwiingcaphuno. Kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, bathenga xa bewela ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu. Kumaxesha amancinci, unokufumana imiqondiso emininzi yokudibana kwemigca yesalathisi, kodwa uninzi lwayo lububuxoki. Kufanelekile ukunikela ingqalelo kwiimpawu kwiitshathi zemihla ngemihla kunye neveki. I-histogram yesalathisi isetyenziswe njengesihluzo – ukuthengwa kwenziwa kuphela xa kungaphezulu kwe-zero, kwaye intengiso yenziwa xa ingaphantsi kwe-zero. Udinga ukuhambelana kweemeko ezimbini – ukuhlangana kwemigca kunye ne-histogram kwindawo efunekayo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwesalathisi seMACD ekusebenzeni

Isalathisi senza kakuhle xa sisebenza kwiitshaneli, unokubamba ukunyakaza ukusuka ekuchaseni ukuxhaswa kunye nokubuyisela kwiindawo ezithengisiweyo kunye nezithengisiweyo. Kodwa ungakulibali ukuba ngesiqhelo esinamandla, ixabiso aliqapheli amanqanaba kunye nokuthenga kwakhona / ukuthengisa kwakhona. IMacdi ibonisa isiqalo kunye nesiphelo somkhwa. Ibonisa amanqaku okukhawulezisa kunye nokuhla kwendlela. Ukuphumelela kwimarike eguquguqukayo, ngexesha leenguqu ezincinci zexabiso, umrhwebi uya kubamba ilahleko eninzi yokuyeka. Okokuqala, isalathisi senziwe ukubamba iintshukumo zokuhamba. Kwiflethi ebanzi kwitshathi yemihla ngemihla, inokunika imiqondiso elungileyo ngeyure.

Iindidi zesalathisi se-MACD

Isalathisi sinemigca kunye ne-histogram. Abanye abahwebi abahoyi ingqalelo kwimigca ye-MACD, bafakela ukubaluleka kuphela kwi-histogram. Ukususa ukugqithisa, size nohlobo lwesalathisi se-histogram ye-MACD. Ibandakanya kuphela i-histogram. Kwifom yeklasikhi, i-histogram kunye ne-MACD zikwifestile efanayo (umzekelo, kwi-terminal ye-Metatrader). Kwezinye iitheminali (ezifana
neQuik ), i-histogram kunye nemigca yohlulwe kwiifestile ezahlukeneyo. Isalathisi sinokwakhiwa kusetyenziswa i-exponential, elula, i-volume-weighted averages ezihambayo. Kwezinye iitheminali oku kuphunyezwa njengeparameter (Metatrader), kwezinye kukho igama elikhethekileyo lohlobo ngalunye (MACD Simple, MACD Weighed, MACD). umzekelo, kwitheminali yeFinamTrade. Urhweba njani ngesalathisi seMACD: https://youtu.be/0nihqQyGvOo

MACD kwiiterminals ezidumileyo

Isalathisi sibandakanyiwe kwiseti esisiseko yayo nayiphi na i-terminal yanamhlanje. Ikhona nakwizicelo zeselula zomthengisi. Ukuyenza, kufuneka uye kwimenyu yezikhombisi kwaye ufumane i-MACD okanye i-MACD-Histogram.

I-MACD kwi-terminal ye-QUIK yokurhweba

Ukubonisa isalathisi kwitshati kwi-terminal eKhawulezayo, kufuneka ucofe Cola. Ibhokisi yencoko yababini Yongeza iGrafu iya kuboniswa. Kuyo, khetha MACD okanye MACD histogram kwaye ucofe iqhosha Yongeza. Ukutshintsha iiparamitha zesalathisi, yiya kwi Iipropati isithuba.

I-MACD kwi-terminal ye-Metatrader

Ukongeza isalathisi seMacdi, kufuneka ucofe i Faka – Izalathisi – Oscillators – MACD iqhosha. Iwindow yokucwangcisa iparameters iya kuvela, ungakhetha ixesha leeavareji ezihambayo, iskimu sombala kunye nodidi lomndilili oshukumayo.

Indlela yokuseta isalathisi se-MACD

Ngokungagqibekanga, isibonisi sinesetingi ezilandelayo:

• umndilili ohamba kancinci wama-26;
• ihamba ngokukhawuleza i-12;
• umqondiso -9;
• faka isicelo kumaxabiso okuvala;
• uhlobo lwe-exponential.
• imibala yemivalo ibomvu kwaye iluhlaza.

Ngokutshintsha amaxesha okuhamba kwee-avareji, unokutshintsha isantya sokusabela kwesalathisi kwiinguqu zexabiso. Ngamaxesha amancinci kuya kubakho imiqondiso emininzi. Unganyusa okanye unciphise ixesha lemiyinge ehambayo. Ngokunyuka kwexesha, umgangatho weempawu uya kwanda, kuya kuba mbalwa kubo, kodwa inzuzo / inkohliso iya kuba phezulu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha isalathisi asiyi kubona ukuqala kwendlela. Ngokunciphisa iiparamitha, unokufezekisa ukwanda kovakalelo. Kubalulekile ukuba ungaphuthelwa umzuzu we “golden mean”, phakathi kwenani leempawu kunye nomgangatho wabo.

Izicwangciso zokurhweba ezisekelwe kwisalathisi se-MACD

Ngokuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso, isalathisi seMakdi sisetyenziswe njengenxalenye yesethi yezibonakaliso okanye ngokwahlukileyo.

1. Isicwangciso sesiteshi – sisetyenziswa kwimarike ngaphandle kwendlela echazwe ngayo. Umrhwebi ulindele ukuba ixabiso liya kuhlala kuluhlu ixesha elide. Ukumisela abahwebi “abaphezulu nangaphantsi” basebenzisa i-Bollinger Bands, ishaneli yeXabiso, imigca yokuhamba, i-avareji ehambayo. Kule meko, ixabiso linokuba kwizikhundla ezimbini:
   1. Ezantsi koluhlu . Xa ixabiso lisondela kumda woluhlu – i-bollinger ephantsi, ehamba kunye nexesha elide, umgca wokuhamba, umthengisi ujonga ngokucophelela isalathisi se-MACD. Urhwebo olude luvulwa ukuba imivalo ye-histogram iyancipha, kukho ukuhlukana, imivalo iguqula umbala ukuya eluhlaza kwaye kukho ukudibanisa imigca yesalathisi (imeko enye yanele ukuba kukho iimpawu ezi-2 okanye ngaphezulu – ukuqinisa umqondiso). Ukumisa kubekwe ngaphaya kokugqithisileyo. Akufanele idlule i-0.2-0.5% yentshukumo ye-asethi. Ukuba akunakwenzeka ukubeka ikhefu elifutshane, kufuneka unciphise ubungakanani bendawo.
   2. Phezulu koluhlu . Xa ixabiso lisondela kumda woluhlu – phezulu kwi-Bollinger, ehamba kunye nexesha elide, umgca wokuhamba, umthengisi ujonga ngokucophelela isalathisi se-MACD. Urhwebo olufutshane luvulwa ukuba imivalo ye-histogram iyancipha, kukho ukuhlukana, imivalo iguqula umbala ukuya eluhlaza kwaye kukho ukudibanisa imigca yesalathisi (imeko enye yanele ukuba kukho iimpawu ezi-2 okanye ngaphezulu – ukuqinisa umqondiso). Ukumisa kubekwe ngaphaya kokugqithisileyo. Akufanele idlule i-0.2-0.5% yentshukumo ye-asethi. Ukuba akunakwenzeka ukubeka ikhefu elifutshane, kufuneka unciphise ubungakanani bendawo.

Ukuba ujonga ngokucophelela ixabiso elibanjwe kuluhlu, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho imeko xa imida yoluhlu idlula, kodwa kamva ixabiso libuyela kwixabiso lexabiso. Imida ephezulu kunye nezantsi iyanda. Umrhwebi kufuneka ajonge ngononophelo ukufundwa kwesalathiso se-MACD ukuze ungaphoswa ngumzuzu wokuhla kwendlela. Inokuza ngaphambi okanye emva kokuba ixabiso lichukumise umda woluhlu.

Embindini woluhlu, izivumelwano ezintsha azivulwa. Umrhwebi unokomeleza izikhundla ukuba ixabiso liqhekeza phakathi kweBollinger okanye i-avareji ehambayo ngexesha elincinci (9-21 kwi-D1).

Ukudityaniswa kwezalathi

Abanye abarhwebi basebenzisa ii-oscillators ezininzi ngexesha elinye. Iintengiselwano ziqukunjelwa ngentsingiselo echaziweyo (zonke izikhombisi zinika imiqondiso efanayo) okanye kwingingqi ye-overbought ebaluleke kakhulu okanye ethengisiweyo ngokuphindiweyo. Abarhwebi basebenzisa
isalathisi se-RSI , i-stochastics, i-oscillator emangalisayo ye-Bill Williams (AO),
i-avareji ehambayo kunye ne-Macd . Ukongezelela, iqinisa isignali ukuba iphethini yeNtlawulo yexabiso lenzeka kwindawo yokuthenga okanye yokuthengisa.

Isicwangciso somkhwa

Urhwebo luvulwa kuphela xa i-MACD ingaphantsi okanye ingaphezulu kwe-zero (ukuthengisa okanye ukuthenga, ngokulandelanayo). Ukongeza, basebenzisa izihluzi – intsingiselo, ezinye ii-oscillators, ii-avareji ezihambayo. Urhwebo olufutshane luqukunjelwa kuphela xa umkhwa uqinisekisiwe – inkxaso / ukuchasana kulahlekile, kukho iipatheni zegraphic zokuqinisekisa, ukufundwa kwesalathisi kubonisa ukuthengisa / ukuthenga okunamandla. Xa amanqanaba aphukile, ukuba isalathisi asibonakalisi ukuhla kwi-trend, umrhwebi uqinisa izikhundla kwaye uhambisa ukumisa emva kweemarike.

Ukwahlukana kunye nokuHlangana

Isibonakaliso esinamandla kukuhlukana phakathi kwexabiso kunye nesalathisi. Oku kungabonisa ukuphela kwendlela yexesha elide. Iimpawu ezinjalo kufuneka zijongwe ngamaxesha amakhulu – yonke imihla okanye ngeveki. Ukuguqulwa kwexabiso kunqabile ukuba kwenzeke ngosuku olunye, ngokuphindaphindiweyo bakunika ithuba lokungena ngokumisa okucacileyo, akukho ngaphezu kwe-5% yentshukumo ye-asethi.
Isalathisi seMacd sinikeza iimpawu ezichanekileyo kwitshathi ye-m1 ngokudibanisa ne-RSI kunye ne-AO. Ukurhweba, kufuneka ukhethe iimpahla eziguquguqukayo, kucetyiswa ukuba uthengise iiyure ezingama-2-3 ngosuku ngexesha leseshoni yaseMelika. Urhwebo luvulwa xa enye yezalathi ikwintlukwano kwaye ezinye ezimbini zithengisiwe/zithengiswe kakhulu. I-Stop imiselwe akukho ngaphezu kwe-0.1% yexabiso lentengo ye-asethi, kwaye ukuthatha inzuzo mhlawumbi ilungisiwe okanye kwixesha eliphezulu. Ukuyeka kufuneka kubekwe phambi kokuguqulwa, kunokubakho ukuya kwi-4 – 5 ukugqithiswa kwamanga, ngoko ukuhlukana kunokwaphulwa. Ukuba ukumisa kubethelwe kodwa ukuhlukana akuphulwanga, abahwebi bafuna ukungena okutsha. Xa isalathisi sifikelela kwi-zero, ukuhlukana kuthathwa njengokukhutshwa.

Sebenza ngamaxesha amaninzi

Umrhwebi ujonga amaxesha amaninzi (ngokuqhelekileyo amathathu). Ukuthengisa ixesha elide yi-1h, imihla ngemihla kunye neveki, i-intraday yi-15-1h-4h, i-scalping yi-1-m15-1h. Kwixesha elidala, umkhwa wexesha elide ulandelwa. Indlela yangoku imiselwe ngokomndilili. Sijonge ukungena kwelona xesha lincinci. Ukungena ixesha elide:

• ixesha eliphezulu – elide;
• phakathi – ubude;
• omncinci mfutshane, sijonge ukuguqulwa kwexabiso ngokudibana kwemigca okanye ukuhlukana.

Ukumisa kumiselwe ixesha eliphantsi, kwaye ukuthabatha ixesha eliphakathi. Kwimeko emfutshane, izibonakaliso ziyafana. Ukuba zontathu ezi zifundo azikho unidirectional, asithengisi.

Izinto eziluncedo kunye nokungonakali kwesalathisi se-MACD

Isalathiso sibandakanyiwe kwizicwangciso ezininzi zokurhweba ezisekwe kokubini kurhwebo lwetshaneli (iindawo ezithengiswe kakhulu kunye neendawo ezithengiswa kakhulu) kunye nokurhweba nge-swing. Izinto ezilungileyo zesalathisi seMACD:

• iimpawu ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwimarike eguquguqukayo;
• Iimpawu ezichanekileyo kumaxesha amakhulu kunye namaxesha amancinci ukuya kuthi ga kwi-m1. Kwimeko nganye, kufuneka ukhethe iiparamitha zesalathisi. Ngamaxesha amancinci, i-m1-m5 isetyenziswe kwiqhinga le- scalping ;
• jikelele – unokurhweba kuyo nayiphi na i-asethi (i-stocks, indices, commodities, metals, currencies);
• esebenzayo xa kuthengiswa kunye nentsingiselo.

Ukungalungi kwesalathisi se-MACD:

• ngamaxesha amancinci, izihluzi ezongezelelweyo ziyafuneka;
• isalathisi sishiywe lixesha, ngamaxesha amancinci sibandakanya iimpawu zobuxoki. Ngamaxesha amakhulu, oku akubalulekanga kangako, kuba kukho ixesha elininzi. Ngamaxesha amancinci, isalathisi sivimbela umqondiso xa ukunyakaza sele kuphelile;
• ayisebenzi kakuhle kwiflethi;
• ayisebenzi ngokuguquguquka okuphantsi-ihistogram ijikeleza nje ku-zero. Iimpawu azinamandla, iindawo zokumisa zihlala zikhutshwa.

Indlela yokusebenza kunye nesalathisi se-MACD – isifundo sokufundisa ngokurhweba: https://youtu.be/iuFQxnCuz9w Ngo-2022, i-Intanethi igcwele izibonelelo zezalathi “ezinenzuzo enkulu”. Ngenxa yoko, itshathi ifana nomthi womthendeleko wezibonakaliso ezahlukeneyo. Ngeentlobo ezinjalo, abanye baye balibala malunga nezikhombisi eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo. Kwaye abalahlekanga ukubaluleka kwabo. Umgaqo-siseko we-oscillators uyafana, unokuza nento encinci entsha. Okwangoku, i-MACD iye yaphucula iinguqulelo, kodwa isalathisi ngokwayo sikwasetyenziswa ngempumelelo kwiindlela zokurhweba. Ukuqonda indlela esebenza ngayo isitshixo kurhwebo olusebenzayo. I-MACD isalathiso sendalo yonke, unokulandelela amandla omzila kwaye ufumane amanqaku okubuyisela umva kwiindawo ezithengisiweyo kunye nezithengisiweyo. Iya kuba luncedo kubaqalayo, i-MACD sisalathiso somkhondo kwaye ayiyi kukuvumela ukuba uvuke ngokuchasene nomkhwa owomeleleyo.