Kugwira ntchito pamsika wachitetezo ndi ntchito yowopsa komanso yovuta. Chifukwa chake, kwa iwo omwe amapanga masitepe awo oyamba pamsika, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti musalakwitse. Zochitika zoipa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutayika kwa ndalama zomwe zaperekedwa, nthawi zambiri kwa nthawi yaitali, ngati si kwamuyaya, zimalepheretsa chikhumbo chofuna kuikapo ndalama. Chifukwa chake, poyambira ntchito pamsika, amalonda amayenera kuyika ndalama pazitetezo zowopsa kwambiri.
- Kodi tchipisi ta buluu pamsika wamasheya
- Kodi ndi zotani zomwe zimafunikira kuti makampani akhale oyenera kukhala ndi blue chip status?
- Zomwe zimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa kugula ndi kugulitsa magawo pamsika wamasheya
- Capitalization (mtengo) wa kampani.
- Kuchuluka kwa zitetezo zomwe zimafalitsidwa (zoyandama zaulere)
- Ubwino wa blue chip stocks kuposa masheya ena
- Kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi a “blue chips”
- Kukhazikika kwakukulu kwamakampani
- Zopindulitsa kwambiri
- Makampani omwe ali ndi “tchipisi ta buluu” m’misika yosiyanasiyana yachitetezo
- Pa msika wogulitsa Russian
- Ma chips a buluu pamsika wamasheya waku US
- Pamisika ina
- Momwe mungagulire magawo a blue chip kwa oyika ndalama zapakhomo
- Tchipisi zabuluu ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri pakuyika ndalama zoyambira
Kodi tchipisi ta buluu pamsika wamasheya
Tchipisi zabuluu – dzinalo limachokera ku tchipisi tamtengo wapatali kwambiri, zomwe zidaseweredwa m’makasino m’zaka zapitazi. Tchipisi izi nthawi zambiri zinkayendetsedwa ndi osewera olemera kwambiri patebulo. Ndipo pang’onopang’ono, kuchokera pamasewera amasewera, lingaliro ili lidachoka patebulo lamasewera kupita kumsika wogulitsa.
Tchipisi zabuluu ndi magawo amakampani akuluakulu azachuma omwe ali ndi katundu wambiri, omwe amagulitsidwa kwambiri ndikugulidwa pamsika. Monga lamulo, malipiro a malipiro pa magawo a makampani oterowo amakhalabe osasintha, ndipo eni ake a magawowo akhoza kulandira ndalama zokhazikika, ngakhale zazing’ono, kwa zaka makumi angapo. Mavuto a padziko lonse, nkhondo kapena zochitika zina za mphamvu zofanana zingakhudze mtengo wa magawo oterowo. Monga chitsanzo ku Russian Federation, malonda a tsiku ndi tsiku a Gazprom kapena SbeBank amagawana pamsika amafika mabiliyoni ambiri, ndipo amatha kutchedwa “tchipisi ta buluu”.
Kupatula apo, kuchuluka kwa malonda ngakhale pakati paopikisana nawo kwambiri ndi dongosolo laling’ono. Mawu enieni pamsika wa blue chip akupezeka https://investfunds.ru/stocks/ 
Kodi ndi zotani zomwe zimafunikira kuti makampani akhale oyenera kukhala ndi blue chip status?
Kuti magawo akampani akhale oyenera kukhala ndi blue chip, kampaniyo ikuyenera kukwaniritsa izi:
- magawo ake anali otchuka pamsika wamasheya, ndipo adalandira ndalama zomwe zikukula pang’onopang’ono kwa zaka zingapo;
- ali ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha capitalization;
- magawo ake ayenera kukhala amadzimadzi kwambiri;
- mtengo wa magawo a kampaniyo sayenera kusinthika kwambiri pakapita nthawi (kutsika kochepa);
- kampaniyo iyenera kuyimiridwa pamsika wamasheya kwa nthawi yayitali yokwanira;
- malipiro a magawo a magawo a kampani ayenera kupangidwa nthawi zonse popanda kulephera;
- kwa zaka zosachepera 10, kampaniyo sayenera kugwera m’mavuto amkati omwe angakhudze kwambiri mtengo wa magawo ake.
Zomwe zimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa kugula ndi kugulitsa magawo pamsika wamasheya
Kuchuluka kwa kugula ndi kugulitsa magawo m’misika yamasheya kumadalira magawo awiri akulu:
Capitalization (mtengo) wa kampani.
Kukwera kwa capitalization yakampani, kuchuluka kwa magawo ake kumagulitsidwa ndikugulidwa tsiku lililonse. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa capitalization, makampani ku Russia akhoza kugawidwa m’ma echelons:
- Echelon yoyamba imaphatikizapo makampani omwe amatha kukhala ndi ndalama zowerengera ma mabiliyoni ambiri a ruble.
- Gawo lachiwiri limakhala ndi makampani omwe ndalama zawo zimatha kukhala mabiliyoni angapo.
- Ndipo gawo lachitatu ndi makampani ang’onoang’ono, omwe mtengo wake sudutsa ma ruble mabiliyoni angapo.
Zambiri za capitalization yamabizinesi osiyanasiyana zitha kupezeka ku Moscow Exchange. [id id mawu = “attach_3452” align = “aligncenter” wide = “1203”]
Kuchuluka kwa zitetezo zomwe zimafalitsidwa (zoyandama zaulere)
Kuchulukirachulukira kwa magawo amakampani omwe akufalitsidwa, kumapangitsanso kuchuluka kwa zoyandama zaulere. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, magawo a wopanga wamkulu, kampani yomanga ya PIK, si tchipisi ta buluu. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa capitalization (pafupifupi 870 biliyoni rubles), gawo la magawo ake pamsika wamasheya ndi 18% yokha ya chiwerengero chawo chonse. Poyerekeza, Magnit (capitalization ya 637 biliyoni rubles), ndi gawo la magawo pa msika, ndi pafupifupi 63% ya okwana. [id id mawu = “attach_3456” align = “aligncenter” wide = “659”]
Ubwino wa blue chip stocks kuposa masheya ena
Ubwino waukulu wa magawo omwe ali ndi “tchipisi cha buluu” pazitetezo zina pamisika yamasheya zitha kunenedwa.
Kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi a “blue chips”
Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zachitetezo kumapangitsa kuti zigulitse bwino kwambiri, ndipo ma voliyumu ogulitsa amatha kukhala aliwonse. Amalonda ambiri akugwira ntchito yogula ndi kugulitsa “tchipisi ta buluu”, kotero kuti ntchito iliyonse yokhala ndi zinthu izi imachitika mwachangu kwambiri. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zamagulu, kumayandikira pafupi ndi mitengo yawo yamsika yomwe angagulidwe kapena kugulitsidwa.
Kukhazikika kwakukulu kwamakampani
Makampani omwe ali pamndandanda wa blue chip ndi atsogoleri m’mafakitale awo ndipo amakhala ndi zabwino zambiri akamapikisana ndi osewera ena amsika. M’dziko lathu, nthawi zambiri awa ndi makampani aboma kapena makampani omwe ali ndi gawo lalikulu la boma. capital yomwe imatengedwa ngati njira. Izi zingaphatikizepo makampani monga Gazprom, Rosneft, Sberbank, etc. Makampani oterowo ndi omwe amalipira kwambiri bajeti, ndipo nthawi zonse amatha kudalira thandizo la boma pakagwa mavuto. Makampani oterowo amakonda kugwira ntchito m’misika yokhazikika. Maonekedwe a opikisana nawo ofunikira sangachitike. Popeza kupangidwa kwa makampani atsopano m’maderawa kumafuna ndalama zambiri. Zinthu izi zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito a tchipisi abuluu azikhala okhazikika kuposa momwe osewera ang’onoang’ono pamsika amachitira. Iwo ali ndi malire apamwamba kwambiri a kukhazikika kwachuma ndipo, moyenerera, chiwongoladzanja chawo ndi chachikulu kwambiri, ndipo izi zimawathandiza kukopa ndalama za ngongole pa chiwongoladzanja chochepa. [id id mawu = “attach_3460” align = “aligncenter” wide = “795”]
Zopindulitsa kwambiri
Mabizinesi okhazikitsidwa m’makampani akuluakulu amawalola kuti azipereka zopindulitsa kwambiri komanso zokhazikika. Malinga ndi malamulo apano a Russian Federation, boma. makampani akuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito osachepera 50% ya phindu lawo kuti apereke zopindulitsa pamagawo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, makampani omwe amadziwika kuti “chips blue” a Russian Federation amatchulidwa makamaka ngati “zida zopangira”, zomwe zimatsimikizira phindu lalikulu, ndipo, motero, zopindula. Izi sizachilendo kwa makampani ang’onoang’ono ambiri – oyambitsa posachedwa. Kaŵirikaŵiri samapereka malipiro kapena kuwalipira pang’ono. Makampani oterowo ali ndi chidwi ndi capitalization mwachangu komanso kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko, kotero amayesa kuyika phindu pakukula kwawo ndi kukwezedwa pamsika. Ndikofunikira kuti makampaniwa atenge magawo owonjezera amsika. [ID mawu = ”
Makampani omwe ali ndi “tchipisi ta buluu” m’misika yosiyanasiyana yachitetezo
M’misika yosiyanasiyana, makampani omwe magawo awo ali ndi “chips blue” amatsimikiziridwa ndi:
Pa msika wogulitsa Russian
Ku Russian Federation, makampani amapeza mawonekedwe a blue chip potengera index yowerengedwa ndi Moscow Stock Exchange. Masiku ano, mndandandawu ukuphatikiza makampani khumi ndi asanu akuluakulu mdziko muno, omwe ndi:
- Gazprom
- Sberbank
- Rosneft
- Lukoil
- “Yandex”
- Nickel ya Norilsk
- “Maginito”
- “MTS”
- NLMK
- Novatek
- “Pole”
- “Polymetal”
- Surgutneftegaz
- “Tatneft”
- Gulu la TCS
Quotes ya tchipisi chabuluu cha Russian Federation, USA pamsika wachitetezo munthawi yeniyeni zitha kuwonedwa pa https://www.finam.ru/quotes/
Ma chips a buluu pamsika wamasheya waku US
Ku US, mndandanda wamakampani omwe magawo awo ndi “tchipisi ta buluu” amakhazikitsidwa pamaziko a index ya Dow Jones. Kuwerengera chizindikiro ichi, deta pazachuma chamakampani akuluakulu a 30 amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ambiri aiwo amagwira ntchito m’mabanki, m’gawo lazopanga zapamwamba zapamwamba, komanso makampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito maunyolo ogulitsa. M’makampani oterowo, kuchuluka kwa capitalization ndikwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ndalama ndikwambiri. Mndandanda wamakampani oterowo umaphatikizapo zikwangwani zamabizinesi, monga:
- koka Kola
- Boeing;
- Nike;
- walmart
- Walt Disney ndi ena.
Tchipisi zonse za buluu zamsika zaku US zomwe zimapereka zopindula ndi olemekezeka aku America ku https://www.proshares.com/funds/nobl_daily_holdings.html: 
Pamisika ina
Mayiko a EU ali ndi ndondomeko yawoyawo yodziwira “tchipisi ta buluu” EURO STOXX 50. Kutengera izi, mndandanda wamakampani omwe akuphatikizidwa mu kalabu iyi m’maiko a EU akuphatikizapo zimphona monga:
- Volkswagen;
- Siemens;
- Telefonica ndi ena ambiri.
UK imagwiritsa ntchito index yake ya FTSE 100, ndipo atsogoleri amndandanda wa Chingelezi cha tchipisi tabuluu ndi Vodafone, Fodya, Burberry. Japan ndi mayiko akumwera chakum’mawa kwa Asia ali ndi ma indices awo, motero, “tchipisi ta buluu” tawo. Mitengo pamisika yamasheya imatha kuwonedwa pa intaneti https://invesfunds.ru/stocks/
Momwe mungagulire magawo a blue chip kwa oyika ndalama zapakhomo
Pali njira zingapo zomwe osunga ndalama angagulire magawo a blue-chip, omwe ndi:
- Gulani gawo la mbiri ya ETF yopangidwa kale . Mbiriyi imapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, ndipo mbali zake zimagulitsidwa kwaulere ndikugulidwa pamsika. Choncho, Investor ndi ufulu kugula pa katundu kuwombola mbali ya mbiri, kuphatikizapo magawo a “buluu chips”.
- Sonkhanitsani ndalama zanu nokha , koma njira iyi ndiyofunika kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, njirayi imafuna nthawi yochulukirapo, muyenera kutsegula akaunti yanu yobwereketsa, kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu apadera pa PC yanu ndikugula motsatira ndondomeko ya Phindu.
- N’zothekanso kutsegula akaunti ya brokerage kunja , zomwe nthawi yomweyo zimapereka mwayi kwa wogulitsa ndalama kuti agule mwachindunji “chips blue” cha dziko limene akauntiyo ili. Koma njira iyi imafunikira ndalama zazikulu kwambiri, popeza mtengo wa magawo oterowo ndiwokwera kwambiri (kumapeto kwa Okutobala, mtengo wagawo la Tesla unali $ 909), ndipo umapezeka kwa osunga ndalama.
Kapangidwe ndi phindu la Russian blue chip index kuyambira 2021 malinga ndi MOEX:
Tchipisi zabuluu ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri pakuyika ndalama zoyambira
Kuyika ndalama mu tchipisi ta buluu kumakupatsani mwayi kuti musachitepo kanthu pakusintha kwakukulu kwa msika, ndipo kusinthanitsa kokhazikika kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito ngati ndalama zotetezeka zanthawi yayitali. Ndipo zikuwonekeratu kuti “tchipisi ta buluu” sizowopsa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi masheya ena. Zambiri pazambiri za tchipisi tabuluu zitha kupezeka pa intaneti https://invesfunds.ru/stocks/?auto=1
