Active and passive investing – ebikozesebwa, ebirungi n’ebibi

Enkola ki ey’okuteeka ssente mu ngeri ey’obutakola era ey’okukola, wa w’oyinza okutandikira okuteeka ssente mu ngeri ey’okukola n’okukola, ebirungi n’ebibi ebiri mu buli nkola. Mu by’enfuna eby’akatale, waliwo engeri eziwerako eziyamba abantu ssekinnoomu okukuuma n’okwongera ku kapito. Ng’oggyeeko okufuna omusaala gw’abakozi abapangisiddwa, oba amagoba okuva mu kuddukanya bizinensi yo, osobola okwongera ku nnyingiza yo ng’oteeka ssente ezitakola oba ezikola. Kiki, bikozesebwa ki eby’ensimbi ebirina okukozesebwa era birungi ki ebiri mu kuteeka ssente mu ngeri ey’obutakola (passive and active investing), tujja kubuulira mu kiwandiiko kino.

Kiki eky’okuteeka ssente mu ngeri ey’obutakola (passive investing).

Passive investing kwe kutondawo ekifo ky’emiwendo egy’enjawulo okumala ekiseera ekiwanvu. Passive investing yawukana ku bika ebirala eby’okuteeka ssente mu by’ensimbi kubanga kitwala obudde butono n’amaanyi mangi okukola amagoba n’ekika kino eky’okusiga ensimbi. Singa tugeraageranya okuteeka ssente mu ngeri ey’obutakola (passive investment) n’okuteeka ssente mu nkola ey’okukola, olwo mu mbeera eyokubiri, okwekenneenya okw’omusingi okw’akatale kwetaagibwa, era mu mbeera esooka, omulimu ogw’engeri eyo si kyetaagisa. Wano, omusigansimbi alina okulonda ekintu ekituufu kyokka, okukola okugabanya emigabo okusinziira ku parameters ez’enjawulo n’okulinda enfuna okufunibwa. Nga olina passive investment, investor afuna income, ejja okubeera n’erinnya lye limu – passive. Ensonga yonna ey’enkola y’enfuna ng’eyo eri mu kutondawo omusigansimbi bbulooka y’emigabo, . ekijja okuleeta amagoba amangi mu ssente. Singa ekifo kikolebwa bulungi, obulabe bw’okufiirwa bujja kukendeera. Okumala ebbanga eddene, sitoowa ezikuze zijja kusobola okusasula okuggyibwa kw’emigabo emirala. Okulonda okuteeka ssente mu ngeri ey’obutakola – ebirungi n’ebibi: https://youtu.be/N7iOSQG4hz0

Kiki ekiyitibwa active investment

Active investment ngeri ya kuteeka ssente, nga mu kino obuvunaanyizibwa bw’okunoonyereza ku ngeri y’okuteekamu ssente n’okusalawo ku kuddukanya ekifo kyabwe eky’okusiga ensimbi buli ku musiga nsimbi yennyini. Nga etteeka, okuteeka ssente mu bizinensi (active investment) kuwerekerwako obulabe obumu. Naye nga olina okuteeka ssente mu ngeri ey’ekika kino, amagoba gasobola okufunibwa amangu ennyo okusinga mu mbeera y’enyingiza ey’obutakola. Omusigansimbi omujjumbize asobola okukola amagoba ng’ayambibwako okumanya kwe, obukugu bwe, okufuba n’obudde bwe. Okugeza, nga ofuna emigabo mu bizinensi entongole, kikulu okusoma n’obwegendereza akatale n’ebyenfuna by’ekitongole okusobola okutegeera emikisa gy’ebisuubirwa okwongera ku muwendo gw’emigabo.

Bikozesebwa ki eby’ensimbi ebikola passive income

Ensimbi ezirina ensimbi ezitakyukakyuka ze ziteekebwa mu by’obugagga nga omuwendo gw’ensimbi eziyingira gujja kumanyibwa nga bukyali. Ensimbi eno ey’okukola (passive investment) y’ekusobozesa okufuna ssente ezitakola (passive income).

Ebitereke

Ebitereke mu bitongole bya bbanka bireeta bamusigansimbi ssente ezitakola, nga zino zibalirirwa nga ebitundu ku kikumi. Okusasula omuwendo gw’amagoba kubaawo ku nsaasaanya y’amagoba bbanka g’efuna olw’okuwa looni, okutunda ssente, emigabo n’ebirala Ebiseera ebisinga, emiwendo gy’ebitereke giba waggulu katono bw’ogeraageranya n’ebbeeyi y’ebintu entongole. N’olwekyo, ekika kino eky’okutereka kituukirawo eri abo bamusigansimbi abaagala okukuuma ssente zaabwe obutakendeera.

Ebizimbe n’amayumba

Okuteeka ssente mu by’amayumba y’engeri endala ey’okukekkereza ssente n’okufuna ssente ezitali za bulijjo ez’olubeerera. Ebizimbe byeyongera buli kiseera omuwendo. Mu bintu ebirala, osobola okubipangisa. Osobola okuteeka ssente mu bifo eby’okusulamu n’eby’obusuubuzi. Omuwendo gw’ensimbi eziyingira mu nsimbi ezo gusinziira butereevu ku ngeri ekifo gye kisikiriza abaguzi n’abapangisa. Okuteeka ssente, olina okugula omuzigo, ennyumba oba ekifo eky’obusuubuzi, n’oluvannyuma n’okipangisa n’ofuna ssente. Waliwo enkola endala ey’okuteeka ssente mu by’amayumba: okugula emigabo gya ssente eziggaddwa.

Bondi eziyitibwa Bondi

Bond ye security, IOU ya kampuni oba gavumenti. Nga agula bond, yinvesita awola ssente ze okumala ekiseera ekigere, n’oluvannyuma n’afuna ebitundu ebigere ku buli kikumi ku kino – enyingiza ya coupon. Ekisanja bwe kiggwaako, ssente eziteekeddwamu ziddizibwa okudda eri oyo aziteekamu ssente. Bondi ezirina akabi akatono ate nga zifuna ssente ezitakyukakyuka ze bondi za federo eziwola. Nga olina okuteeka ssente mu ngeri ey’ekika kino, omuteresi akakasiddwa okufuna okusasula looni, okuva emisingo bwe giweebwa gavumenti. Bondi z’ebitongole mulimu bondi z’abakola mmotoka, abakola mmotoka n’ebirala. Ng’etteeka, bawaayo amagoba agatuuka ku bitundu mwenda ku buli kikumi. Naye kikulu okutegeera nti n’okuteeka ssente mu ngeri ey’ekika kino waliwo akabi akamu – kkampuni eyinza okumala okugwa n’etasasula bbanja.

Ssente ezisuubulirwa mu kuwaanyisiganya ssente

ETFs mukisa mulungi nnyo okutandika omulimu gwo eri bamusigansimbi abapya. Enkola eno esaanira abo abaagala okutandika okuteeka ssente, naye nga tebannaba kumanya ngeri ya kugikolamu n’okutandikira olugendo lwabwe. Enkolagana ku butale bw’emigabo zikolebwa abakugu, era bamusigansimbi bamala kufuna ssente. Okutondawo ensimbi ezisuubulirwa mu kuwaanyisiganya kukolebwa kkampuni eziddukanya: zikung’aanya ebifo eby’okusiga ensimbi eby’akabi akatono, era bamusigansimbi ab’obwannannyini bafuna omugabo mu nsawo y’okugatta (
mutual investment fund ).

Emigabo gy’amagoba

Bw’aba agula omugabo, omusigansimbi afuna obwannannyini ku kitundu ku bintu bya kkampuni n’eddembe ly’okufuna amagoba okuva mu magoba singa omugabo agabasasula. Wabula kikulu okutegeera nti okuteeka ssente mu sitoowa kirimu akabi. Kino kiva ku nkyukakyuka mu muwendo gwazo buli kiseera. Tekisoboka kuzuula bulungi magoba agava ku migatte gino.

Ebikozesebwa mu kuteeka ssente mu bizinensi mu ngeri ey’amaanyi

Okusobola okussaamu ssente n’obunyiikivu, osobola:

• okusuubula sitoowa ku katale nga bayita mu ba broker;
• tondawo bizinensi yo;
• okugula bizinensi ya frankisa;
• okuteeka ssente mu bizinensi ezisuubiza.

Mu bintu ebirala, yinvesita asobola okugula bondi n’azifunamu amagoba.

Ebirungi n’ebibi ebiri mu buli kika ky’okuteeka ssente mu bizinensi

Lowooza ku birungi n’ebibi ebiri mu buli kimu ku bika bino eby’okusiga ensimbi.

Ensimbi ezikola ennyo

Ebirungi:

1. Amagoba amangi agayinza okuvaamu . Ekigendererwa ekikulu ekya bamusigansimbi abakola ennyo kwe kukuba akatale k’emigabo. Enkola eno erimu okukola ssente ennyingi ng’akatale kali waggulu ate n’ofiirwa entonotono.
2. Okukyukakyuka okunene . Ka kibe nti omusigansimbi addukanya ssente ze ku lulwe oba akola ne kapito w’okuddukanya akola, bulijjo wajja kubaawo okukyukakyuka okusingawo n’okusiga ensimbi okukola. Omuteresi alina omukisa okukyusa ssente mu bitundu ebitongole eby’ebyenfuna, ng’alowooza ku mbeera y’ebyensimbi eriwo kati;
3. Emikisa mingi egy’okusiga ensimbi .

Kya lwatu, okuteeka ssente mu nkola nakyo kirina ebizibu byakyo ebinene:

• obulabe obw’amaanyi obuyinza okubaawo;
• okweyongera kw’ebisale.

Mu bintu ebirala, okuteeka ssente mu bizinensi mu ngeri ey’amaanyi kyetaagisa okufuba ennyo. Wano olina okugoberera buli kiseera amawulire g’ebyenfuna n’akatale, okusoma enkola z’okusiga ensimbi n’ebirala Mu kiseera kye kimu, omusigansimbi tajja kufuna bukakafu bwonna nti kino kijja kubala ebibala.

Okuteeka ssente mu ngeri etakola

Ebirungi ebiri mu kuteeka ssente mu ngeri ey’obutakola:

1. Okukola amagoba kyangu nnyo . Bamusigansimbi abakola ennyo balina okulondoola buli kiseera amawulire ga bizinensi n’akatale, wamu n’okukola bulijjo omuwendo ogugere ogw’okutunda mu kifo kyabwe ku lwabwe. Active investing kitwala ekiseera kiwanvu nnyo okusuubula, ate nga passive investors bamala essaawa bbiri zokka buli mwaka nga bakuuma investments zaabwe;
2. Obulabe obukendeezeddwa . Bamusigansimbi abakola ennyo bali mu bulabe bwa maanyi obw’okutunda ssente ze bateeka mu kiseera ekikyamu oba okuzigula ng’akatale kali ku ntikko. Mu passive investing, bamusigansimbi bafuna investments ne bazikwata ku lwabwe. Bamusigansimbi abataliiko kye bakola tebalina kweraliikirira kutunda nsimbi ze bateeka mu kiseera ekikyamu, kubanga basobola okwesiga ku kweyongera okutambula obutasalako mu bbanga eggwanvu;
3. Engeri y’okusiga ensimbi mu buseere . Bamusigansimbi abataliiko kye bakola tebasasula ssente za nkolagana (transaction fees) bamusigansimbi abakola ze basasula bulijjo. Abasuubuzi abataliiko kye bakola basobola okutereka ssente zaabwe mu nsimbi za index, ezitera okusasuza ebitundu nga 0.10%, ate oluusi nga zisasula wansi. N’abasuubuzi ba yinvesita abakola emirimu gyabwe n’abaddukanya yinvesita batera okusasula obusuulu butono okusinga abo abakola bizinensi n’abaddukanya yinvesita abakola ennyo.

Wabula ne wano waliwo ebizibu:

• Amagoba gatono nnyo bw’ogeraageranya n’okuteeka ssente mu nkola . Abasuubuzi abataliiko kye bakola basinga kugezaako kugoberera katale, so si kukasinga. Abazannyi abalina obumanyirivu abakola emirimu gy’obusuubuzi buli kiseera basobola okuzuula akatale we kakula, olw’ekyo bafuna ssente nnyingi. Passive investing etera okufuna amagoba aga wakati.
• Tewali bukuumi bwonna ku kugwa kw’akatale okw’ekiseera ekitono . Mu passive investing, abasuubuzi tebatunda positions nga stock tennagwa mu muwendo. Ebiseera ebisinga baba basanyufu nti bafuna okulinnya n’okukka kw’akatale.

Enkola ya passive mu kuteeka ssente eyinza okuba enzibu naddala okukuuma ng’amawulire g’ebyenfuna geeyongera okufuuka ekizibu, omuwendo gutandika okukka ng’abasuubuzi abakola beeyimirizaawo era okwagala okukola kweyongera amaanyi. Ensimbi ezikola oba ezitakola: njawulo ki eriwo – https://youtu.be/K8kwYb8XYFA

Enkola ki ey’okusiga ensimbi ekusaanira: active oba passive

Kika ki eky’okusiga ensimbi ky’olina okulonda – buli muntu alina okwesalirawo. Ku ludda lwa passive investing kwe kuba nti investor ajja kusobola okufuna guaranteed market return (of course, minus minor commissions and taxes) era investment yennyini tejja kwetaaga budde bungi. Singa twogera ku active investing, mu theory omusuubuzi alina omukisa okusukkuluma ku katale, naye omukisa gw’okukola amagoba amalungi mu bbanga eggwanvu mutono nnyo. Mu bintu ebirala, abasuubuzi abakola ennyo beetaaga okumala ebiseera bingi nga basoma okwekenneenya sitoowa era kino tekijja kukoma awo – mu nkola yonna, okwekenneenya emigabo buli kiseera era buli kiseera kijja kwetaagisa. Kya lwatu nti kino si buli muntu nti asobola okukikola. Okusinga, enkola ng’eyo esaanira abantu abasobola okwekenneenya n’okufuba okuyiga ekintu ekipya. N’okutuusa kati, osobola okulaba okusika omuguwa kungi ku passive ne active investing. Naye kikulu okutegeera nti ekigendererwa ekisembayo eky’omusuubuzi yenna si kukola bulungi okusinga akatale, wabula okutuuka ku kiruubirirwa ky’ebyensimbi. Mu kiseera kye kimu, tekikwetaagisa kuvuganya na katale.
Kya lwatu nti waliwo engeri nnyingi ez’okuteeka ssente mu bizinensi. Omuntu asalawo okutwala ekifo ekikola, abalala essira baliteeka ku kufuna n’okukwata ssente ze zimu okumala ebbanga eddene, ate abalala bagezaako okugatta engeri zino ebbiri. Kya lwatu, abantu abasinga boolekedde okuba obulungi ne passive investing, naye tewali kikyamu kuteeka ku bbali akatundu akatono ku portfolio yo n’okugezesa active trading emirundi ebiri oba esatu.