Nigute wasesengura ibihe byimigabane – isesengura ryigihe ku isoko ryimigabane

Ikintu aho igiciro cyimigabane gihinduka mugihe kimwe cyumwaka ni ibihe byimigabane. Umucuruzi, ashingiye ku bumenyi bwimpinduka, inyungu mukumenya inzira nyamukuru yiterambere, kumenya amahirwe yisoko mugihe runaka.

Ibihe byimigabane nuburyo bwo kuyikoresha ku isoko ryimigabane

Ibice bibiri byingenzi byerekana uko isoko ryimigabane rimeze. Ibi nibikorwa byimari nimyitwarire yabashoramari. Isesengura ryibyabaye byerekana kubura uburyo bwigihe kirekire. Ariko igihe gito cyibintu bisa kumasoko yimigabane birashobora kumenyekana muguhitamo ibihe byimigabane ukurikije imyitwarire yabashoramari. Ingeso zabantu bashira impinduka shingiro bitewe nibintu byinshi. Igihembwe kigira ingaruka ku gaciro k’imigabane bitewe no kugabanuka kw’ibikorwa by’abacuruzi kubera ibiruhuko, kwiyongera k’umurimo wabo mu mpera z’umwaka w’ingengo y’imari. Ibyo abacuruzi bategereje birihagije, bihindura uko isoko ryimigabane rimeze. Gukora ku bushake bwe, umucuruzi wimigabane akoresha imbonerahamwe yibihe byashize kugirango asesengure. Kumenyekanisha impinduka mubiciro byumutungo usunika abacuruzi mubikorwa mugihe kimwe. Igishushanyo kiragaragara kikaba ari kimwe mu bintu bigomba kwitabwaho mugihe ukorana nububiko, ariko ntibikoreshwa nkibyingenzi kugirango hamenyekane ingamba ziterambere. Igihe cyimigabane gisanzwe kumasoko agaragara, arimo nu Burusiya. Ubujyakuzimu no gutuza kwimyitwarire yabashoramari biranga ibihugu byateye imbere. Mu Burusiya, intego nyamukuru y’abacuruzi ni ukubona inyungu z’igihe gito zishingiye ku bitekerezo. Ubworoherane buke bwongera ihindagurika ryimigabane. Umushoramari munini agurisha impapuro zagaciro, abasigaye binjira mumasezerano. Isoko ryimigabane rirashobora kwibasirwa ningaruka zituruka hanze, zangiza umutekano. [ibisobanuro id = “umugereka_387” align = “aligncenter” ubugari = “1024”] ariko ntukayikoreshe nkingingo yibanze yo kumenya ingamba ziterambere. Igihe cyimigabane gisanzwe kumasoko agaragara, arimo nu Burusiya. Ubujyakuzimu no gutuza kwimyitwarire yabashoramari biranga ibihugu byateye imbere. Mu Burusiya, intego nyamukuru y’abacuruzi ni ukubona inyungu z’igihe gito zishingiye ku bitekerezo. Ubworoherane buke bwongera ihindagurika ryimigabane. Umushoramari munini agurisha impapuro zagaciro, abasigaye binjira mumasezerano. Isoko ryimigabane rirashobora kwibasirwa ningaruka zituruka hanze, zangiza umutekano. [ibisobanuro id = “umugereka_387” align = “aligncenter” ubugari = “1024”] ariko ntukayikoreshe nkingingo yibanze yo kumenya ingamba ziterambere. Igihe cyimigabane gisanzwe kumasoko agaragara, arimo nu Burusiya. Ubujyakuzimu no gutuza kwimyitwarire yabashoramari biranga ibihugu byateye imbere. Mu Burusiya, intego nyamukuru y’abacuruzi ni ukubona inyungu z’igihe gito zishingiye ku bitekerezo. Ubworoherane buke bwongera ihindagurika ryimigabane. Umushoramari munini agurisha impapuro zagaciro, abasigaye binjira mumasezerano. Isoko ryimigabane rirashobora kwibasirwa ningaruka zituruka hanze, zangiza umutekano. [ibisobanuro id = “umugereka_387” align = “aligncenter” ubugari = “1024”] Mu Burusiya, intego nyamukuru y’abacuruzi ni ukubona inyungu z’igihe gito zishingiye ku bitekerezo. Ubworoherane buke bwongera ihindagurika ryimigabane. Umushoramari munini agurisha impapuro zagaciro, abasigaye binjira mumasezerano. Isoko ryimigabane rirashobora kwibasirwa ningaruka zituruka hanze, zangiza umutekano. [ibisobanuro id = “umugereka_387” align = “aligncenter” ubugari = “1024”] Mu Burusiya, intego nyamukuru y’abacuruzi ni ukubona inyungu z’igihe gito zishingiye ku bitekerezo. Ubworoherane buke bwongera ihindagurika ryimigabane. Umushoramari munini agurisha impapuro zagaciro, abasigaye binjira mumasezerano. Isoko ryimigabane rirashobora kwibasirwa ningaruka zituruka hanze, zangiza umutekano. [ibisobanuro id = “umugereka_387” align = “aligncenter” ubugari = “1024”]
Imyitwarire yerekana indangagaciro ya snp500 bitewe nigihembwe – ibyo bita ingaruka za Nzeri, kuzamuka nabi [/ caption] Ikindi kintu cyerekana ihungabana ry’isoko ryimigabane rishya ni ugushingira ku ngengo y’imari y’Uburusiya ku biciro bya peteroli. Ibihugu byateye imbere byerekeza kuri serivisi, kubwibyo ntibigaragara cyane kubiciro bihindagurika kubikoresho fatizo byaka. Ikibazo kiri mu mpinduka z’umusaruro w’inganda zigira ingaruka ku isoko ryimigabane ry’ibihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere. Kubura ibikorwa byo kwirwanaho bishobora guhagarika ihindagurika ryibiciro nabyo bigabanya ihungabana ryisoko ryimigabane igaragara.

Ibiranga ibihe byisoko

Ibihe byisoko ryimigabane birashobora gukurikiranwa mugihembwe cyambere cyumwaka. Mu myaka icumi ishize, igiciro cy’imigabane cyazamutse mu gihembwe cya mbere. Ibi biterwa no kugabana amafaranga kwisi muri iki gihe. Amazi yongerewe imbaraga namafaranga ava mu ngengo yimari ya pansiyo, yunganirwa no kwimura Ukuboza kuva mu mufuka wa federasiyo. Abashoramari bagarutse kugabanuka mu gihembwe cya kabiri. Ibisobanuro kubyerekezo biroroshye, ni uko amafaranga mashya yatanzwe. Amaturo ya mbere yatanzwe kumugaragaro atangira umwaka, inyungu zirashirwaho, nyuma yibyo kugurisha bibaye mugihembwe cyambere. Kwiga imyaka icumi ishize, dushobora gufata umwanzuro ko imikoreshereze yigihembwe cya gatatu iri hasi. Amezi yizuba nibihe byibiruhuko, abashoramari bajya mubiruhuko, ibintu byigihe kumasoko bigira ingaruka kubiciro byimigabane. Ibintu birahinduka muri Nzeri hari igihe cyububyutse, kirangwa no gutanga amafaranga mashya. Mu gihembwe cya kane, Amerika yashyizeho amajwi yo kwizihiza Noheri. Mu Burusiya, umuguzi akora ku isoko ry’imigabane. [ibisobanuro id = “umugereka_391” align = “aligncenter” ubugari = “601”]
Isesengura ryibihe byerekana indangagaciro ya Dow Jones kuva 1896 – Nzeri nayo itukura Kwiyongera guhindagurika kuranga iterambere ryiterambere. Uburusiya buzagaragaza ko budahungabana igihe cyose isoko ryimigabane rirangwa nicyiciro cyubukungu butera imbere. .
_

Nigute wasesengura ibihe byimigabane

Iyo uteganya, isesengura ryibihe bigirira akamaro abacuruzi. Ingamba zubucuruzi zishingiye ku myaka myinshi yuburambe ku isoko ryimigabane. Inkomoko y’ibisabwa ni abapiganwa bose: abacuruzi, abashoramari, ibigo bya leta, amafaranga ya pansiyo. Igikorwa cyo gusesengura ni ukumenya igihe imigabane myinshi ikenewe. Uburyo bworoshye cyane ni ukubara amakuru yagereranijwe. Inzira yo gusesengura niyi ikurikira:

• Amagambo amaze imyaka myinshi yizwe.
• Ibiciro bya buri munsi bifatwa kugirango byongerwe.
• Ibiciro bigabanijwe nuwagwije.

Igishushanyo cyerekana ibisubizo byabonetse muburyo bwumurongo byerekana imbaraga zibiciro mugihe cyatoranijwe. Umurongo unyura kuruhande niwo mibare isobanura, iragaragara mumabara atandukanye. [ibisobanuro id = “umugereka_393” align = “aligncenter” ubugari = “609”]
Amasoko avuka – MSCI EM Index [/ caption] Igishushanyo cyerekana inzinguzingo zisi. Niba impuzandengo yiyongera, noneho ibyifuzo byimigabane biriyongera. Kubisesengura, kugura muriki cyiciro bigomba gusuzumwa. Niba amagambo yatanzwe ku kigereranyo, noneho ibyifuzo biragabanuka. Muri iki gihe, turashaka amahirwe yo kugurisha. Mu cyiciro cya kabiri cyisesengura, isosiyete ikora ifite inyungu irasuzumwa. Isesengura rya tekiniki rigomba gukorwa kuburugero aho imbaraga zerekana igipimo cyagenwe numwaka umwe “ukomeye”. Isesengura ryigihe cyimigabane rigomba gukorwa hashingiwe kuri:

1. Byatangajwe ibitekerezo byabasesenguzi.
2. Raporo yibikorwa iriho ikunzwe muriki cyiciro.
3. Imbonerahamwe yo gusesengura tekinike igereranya impuzandengo hamwe nimibare ifatika mugihe runaka.
4. Isesengura ryamasosiyete ukwezi mbere yo gutangaza raporo. Imyitozo yerekana izamuka ryibiciro byimigabane yibigo byatsinze mbere yo gutangira ibihe.
5. Isesengura ry’imirenge.
6. Isesengura ryimpinduka zagarutse ugereranije nurutonde rusange.

Ubudage DAX [/ caption] Imihindagurikire y’ibiciro ibihe igomba gukoreshwa neza kugirango hamenyekane ingamba. Iki kimenyetso nikintu cyiza cyo gufungura amasezerano nimpapuro. Bifashishije ibihe, abacuruzi barashobora guhatanira isoko ryimigabane. Ibyo ukeneye kumenya kubyerekeye ibihe byimigabane ku isoko ryimigabane – ni ryari igihe cyiza cyo gushora imari mu isoko: https://youtu.be/wDF1-SO5EkE

Ingero zifatika – Nigute Washakisha Ibihe Byibihe Mububiko

Hano hari imigabane yibihe ku isoko ryimigabane. Bimwe muribi bifitanye isano nimyitwarire yabaguzi. Kurugero, ubucuruzi bwubukerarugendo bushingiye ku cyifuzo cyabantu baba mu majyaruguru kuruhuka muri Karayibe mu gihe cyitumba. Abaguzi bakora kuva mu Gushyingo kugeza kuri Noheri. Abubatsi bakora cyane mu cyi. Niba dusuzumye ibihingwa byubuhinzi, urugero, ibigori, noneho bigomba kwitabwaho ko byatewe mugihe cyizuba bigasarurwa mugihe cyizuba. Mugihe cyo gusarura, burigihe hariho byinshi muribyo. Urashobora kuzirikana ibintu nkibi mugihe urangije ibikorwa kumigabane yamasosiyete. Ibihe byimigabane igenda itera imbere nkibintu byabaye kumasoko yibicuruzwa. Ikosa ryabacuruzi nugukoresha nabi imbaraga zisoko. Birakenewe gusuzuma igiciro cyimpapuro zerekeranye n’amatariki yihariye. Muri rusange imyumvire yo kuzamuka cyangwa kugwa igomba kuba ingingo yo kwiga kubikorwa byiza. [ibisobanuro id = “umugereka_396” align = “aligncenter” ubugari = “707”]
Imihindagurikire yigihe cyisoko ryimigabane kurugero rwa SNP 500 yerekana [/ caption] Gushakisha uburyo bwigihe kugirango umenye impuzandengo yumwaka ikubiyemo ibikorwa bikurikira:

1. Kugena ibiciro bya buri kwezi hamwe no gukosora imibare kumeza.
2. Kubara imibare yikigereranyo cyumwaka.
3. Kugabanya igiciro cya buri kwezi ugereranije numwaka hanyuma ukuremo 1.
4. Kubara impuzandengo ya buri kwezi.

Imbonerahamwe yubatswe yerekana ibiciro biri hejuru yibigori mugihe cyo gutera, imibare mike mugihe cyo gusarura. Urundi rugero rwibihe byimigabane nigiciro cyumuringa, ibyuma bidafite fer, biterwa nibikorwa byinganda zubaka.
Imikorere yibiciro byumuringa [/ caption] Ibihe byigihe bigira ingaruka kumigabane yimigabane ya hoteri, indege. Iterambere rijyanye no guhaha Noheri ryunguka mbere yumunsi mukuru. Mu bindi bihe, amasoko aratuje. Amakuru yose yerekeye ibihe birahari kuri buri mushoramari. Kubona impuzandengo yumwaka, ugomba kubikoresha kugirango ubone inyungu. Kugurisha impapuro zagaciro mugihe cyumusaruro mwinshi, kugura mugihe cyibikorwa bike – nuburyo umucuruzi ubishoboye akora kumasoko yimigabane. Kurugero, uyumwaka muri Nzeri amadorari yazamutseho 1.36. Ibi biterwa nigihe cyifaranga. Uku ni ukwezi gukomeye mumyaka myinshi. Muri Amerika, umwaka w’ingengo y’imari urangira kandi isoko ryimigabane riragabanuka. Imibare ntabwo imaze imyaka myinshi ihinduka. [ibisobanuro id = “umugereka_389” align = “aligncenter” ubugari = “623”]
Ibihe by’ibiciro by’ifaranga ku ivunjisha [/ caption] Ariko, ibiteganijwe ntabwo buri gihe bihura nukuri. Byose biterwa nimyitwarire yabakoresha serivisi. Uburyo bwurugendo burahinduka kubera kugabanuka gutangwa namasosiyete yingendo. Kugura impano muminsi mikuru ya Noheri bitangirana na Thanksgiving. Kubwibyo, umucuruzi agaragaza hejuru kimwe ninshuro zibisubizo byiza mugihe igiciro cyiyongereye mugihe runaka. Kugena icyitegererezo muri plus no gukuramo bitanga iteganyagihe ukurikije ibihe byimigabane. Urugero rwibigori hamwe namakuru yingirakamaro: kuva Gashyantare kugeza Mata hari amahirwe menshi yo kwinjiza – 80%, kuva Ukwakira – 10%.
Imigabane yagurishijwe mu ntangiriro zumwaka, biteganijwe ko izagurwa mugihe cyisarura, bizagira amahirwe menshi yo gutsinda. Ibihe byimigabane bikubiyemo guhitamo inshuro zo kugurisha. Iyo ubara ingamba, birakenewe kumenya inshuro ya buri kwezi kumyaka myinshi, ukamenya ntarengwa na ntoya. Tangira ibikorwa mugihe ibipimo byibuze 75%, uhitemo ukwezi kwinshi. Kugurisha no kugura imigabane bisaba isesengura kugirango ushore neza isoko ryimigabane. Uburyo bwo kugereranya indangagaciro mugihe runaka kigaragaza ibiciro ntarengwa. Gukoresha ibipimo byerekana agaciro kanini byunganirwa no kumenya inshuro zigaragara. Ibishushanyo bigira ingaruka kubikorwa byanyuma. Ibihe byigihe bigenda biterwa nikirere numutungo wabaguzi abashoramari nabacuruzi bagomba gutekereza.