By’olina okumanya ku Moscow Stock Exchange – engeri MOEX gy’ekola

Enkolagana ezikolebwa bamusigansimbi n’abasuubuzi nga balina eby’obugagga zibeerawo ku mikutu emitongole – okuwanyisiganya ssente. Ebisinga okumanyika ku byo ye NASDAQ, New York, London, Frankfurt. Mu Russia, waliwo emikutu ebiri emikulu eri bamusigansimbi – Moscow ne St. Petersburg. Moscow Exchange erina engeri zaayo, era enkola y’omukutu gwayo ejja kuba ya mugaso eri omusigansimbi yenna okufuna okumanya okusookerwako n’amawulire amajjuvu ageetaagisa okulonda n’okwekenneenya emigabo. Okumanya engeri okuwanyisiganya gye kukolamu nakyo kitangaaza ebimu ku bibaawo nga yinvesita akolagana ne
broker – ebisingawo ku kino mu kiwandiiko.

Okuwanyisiganya kye ki era kikola kitya?

Exchanges ziwa olukiiko lw’ebiragiro by’okugula n’okutunda emigabo n’eby’obugagga ebirala. Bategeka ffulaayi okusinziira ku mateeka ge bateekawo. Singa eby’okutunda eby’edda byakolebwa butereevu, era n’emyaka 50 egiyise ba broker baaleekaana omuwendo oba okuwaayo obuwandiike n’ebbeeyi yaabwe, leero enkola eno ekolebwa mu ngeri ya otomatiki.

Leero, ekitabo ky’okulagira kye ddirisa mw’oyita okutunula n’olaba ebigenda mu maaso ku ludda lw’omutegesi w’ebyobusuubuzi.

Ekifo eky’okuwanyisiganya ssente kibeera kigaba ssente, kwe kugamba, ekifo awateekebwa oda n’okukola emirimu. Era era kikola ng’omusingo w’obukuumi bw’okutunda ebintu.
Abantu ssekinnoomu bawaayo okusaba, ate ba broker ne bawaayo okusaba mu exchange. Eno y’ensonga lwaki mu kuteesa wakati wa yinvesita n’obuwagizi bwa broker ku bikwata ku, okugeza, ekiragiro ekitakoleddwa, ekigaanye oba okuyimiriza okusuubula, abategesi ba ffulaayi be batera okukola nga “ekisukkiridde”. Enkola y’okusuubula n’okufuga enkola y’okusuubula mazima ddala buvunaanyizibwa bwa kuwaanyisiganya. Emirimu gitegekebwa okusinziira ku mateeka agafuga okuwanyisiganya ssente. Ba broker, bakasitoma be bakolagana nabo ebiseera ebisinga, be batabaganya wakati wa kasitoma n’okuwanyisiganya.

Akakiiko k’okuwanyisiganya ssente mu Moscow

Akakiiko kasasulwa okuva mu nkolagana yonna ekolebwa ku katale k’okuwanyisiganya ssente. Omukozesa enkomerero ayinza obutamanya ku nsonga eyo singa eba eyingizibwa mu kakiiko kamu ku musolo gwa broker (nga wamu n’akakiiko k’ekifo ekikola ku kulongoosa n’ekitongole kya broker). Ku ba broker ssekinnoomu, osobola okulaba ddala ssente z’okuwanyisiganya ssente mu lipoota ya brokerage. Okugeza, mu lipoota ya Tinkoff brokerage, kiri mu kitundu ekirimu amawulire agakwata ku nkolagana ezikontana n’enkolagana mu kisenge “Akakiiko k’okuwanyisiganya”. Ku Tinkoff, akakiiko k’okuwanyisiganya ssente kali mu kakiiko k’emisolo aka bulijjo, kale lipoota ya brokerage y’engeri yokka ey’okuzuula ekitundu ki ddala ku ssente ekitwalibwa omutegesi w’ebyobusuubuzi. Ebitundu bino wammanga biragiddwa ku mukutu guno:

• ssente (akatale k’ensimbi), .
• sitoowa ne bondi (akatale k’emigabo), .
• ebiseera eby’omu maaso n’eby’okulonda (akatale k’ebigambo), .
• akatale k’ebintu, .
• akatale k’ensimbi (REPO, emiwendo gy’okuwola n’ebirala).

Obutale obubiri obusembayo businga kukozesebwa bitongole bya mateeka. Bino bitundu bya kusuubula, nga buli kimu kirina amateeka gaakyo, mode n’enteekateeka y’okusuubula.

Okufuna ebivuga eby’enjawulo bwe bityo ng’oyita ku mukutu gumu kye kintu eky’enjawulo mu Moscow Exchange. Enkyukakyuka z’ensi endala zisinga kuba za kukuguka mu bivuga ssekinnoomu.

Enteekateeka y’okuwanyisiganya ssente mu Moscow 2021-2022

Ennaku z’okukola mu Moscow Exchange – ennaku ezibeerawo okusuubula n’okusenga – zitera okukwatagana n’ennaku z’okukola eza Russia: Mmande-Lwakutaano, okuggyako ennaku enkulu ez’olukale. Ssaawa z’okukola zisinziira ku kitundu ky’okusuubula. Ate ku nnaku enkulu, omukutu guno bulijjo gufulumya enteekateeka yaago nga gutunuulidde ennaku enkulu. Kalenda y’okusuubula Moscow Exchange esangibwa mu kitundu “Abasigansimbi ab’obwannannyini” (
https://www.moex.com/msn/investor). Mu kitundu, osobola okulonda akatale ka sitooka, ssente oba ebivaamu. Wiikendi ziteekebwako akabonero akamyufu. Bw’ossaako ennaku ng’ossaako akabonero k’emmunyeenye, osobola okulaba ebisingawo. Ku nnaku enkulu ezimu, ffulaayi zikolebwa, naye okusasula tekukolebwa. Amawulire gano gayinza okuba amakulu ku kuggyayo ssente mu bwangu oba okuggala akawunti kuba gajja kukosa olunaku lw’okuggalawo oba okuggyayo oluliwo.

Ennaku ezitali za mulimu eza Moscow Exchange mu 2021 ne 2022

Mu mwaka gwa 2021 ogugenda okufuluma, okusinziira ku nteekateeka y’ekitongole kya Moscow Exchange, December 31 lugenda kuba lunaku olutali lwa kusuubula. Okusinziira ku nteekateeka y’ekitongole kya Moscow Exchange mu 2022, ennaku zino wammanga zigenda kuba nga tezisuubula mu kitundu kya sitoowa:

• ku migatte gya Russia : January 7, February 23, March 8, May 2 ne 9, November 4;
• ku migabo gya Amerika ne lisiiti z’abatereka (-RM): January 17 (Martin Luther King, Jr. Day), February 21 (Amazaalibwa ga Washington), March 5 (guno Lwamukaaga, naye wagenda kubaawo okusuubula ku migatte gya Russia, okuva bwe kiri nti kino… all-Russian working Saturday) , April 15 (Lwakutaano olulungi), May 2 ne 30 (Olunaku lw’Ekijjukizo), July 4 ((Olunaku lw’ameefuga), September 5 (Olunaku lw’Abakozi), November 24 (Olunaku lw’Okwebaza), December 26 (Olunaku lwa Ssekukkulu ).

Osobola okukuba kalenda y’okusuubula Moscow Exchange okuva ku mukutu gwayo omutongole okuva ku nnyanjula: https://fs.moex.com/f/15368/2022-01-01-torgovyy-kalendar-akcii-rus.pdf.

Sitoowa, mutual funds / ETFs ne bondi bwe zisuubulirwa ku Moscow Exchange

Mu kiseera kino waliwo entuula z’okusuubula ssatu: ez’oku makya, enkulu n’ez’akawungeezi. Mu kiseera ky’okusuubula ekikulu okuva ku ssaawa 10:00 okutuuka ku ssaawa 18:45 sitoowa zonna, ssente ne bondi zisuubulirwa. Olukungana olw’oku makya olw’okugattako lumala okuva ku ssaawa 06:50 okutuuka ku ssaawa 09:50 mu budde bwa Moscow. Olutuula olw’akawungeezi olw’okugattako lutandika ku ssaawa 19:00 okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:50. Mu bbanga okuva ku ssaawa 9:50 okutuuka ku 10:00, wamu n’okuva ku ssaawa 18:45 okutuuka ku 19:00, okuwanyisiganya kugenda mu luwummula. Nga osuubula nga oyita mu kusaba kwa ba broker abamu, olw’okutaataaganyizibwa kuno, edda limit orders ezateekebwawo zibuuka ne zigenda. Mu biseera bino eby’okwongerako, sitoowa ezisinga okubeera ez’amazzi okuva mu nkalala ez’enjawulo ne bondi ezimu ne ssente zisuubulirwa. Olukalala lw’emiwendo gy’ebintu egyakkirizibwa okusuubulirwa mu biseera ebirala:

1. Ku makya: https://fs.moex.com/f/15590/spisok-bumag-k-dopusku-v-uds.xlsx.
2. Akawungeezi: https://www.moex.com/msn/ebikozesebwa mu sitoowa#/?akawungeezi=’1′.

Kkampuni ya Moscow Exchange yatandika okusuubula mu kiseera ky’oku makya ku katale k’emigabo mu December wa 2021 gwokka. Mu kussa ekitiibwa mu kino, yategese n’empaka z’abaasoose okwetaba mu lutuula lw’oku makya.

Ddi era engeri futures gye zisuubulirwamu ku Moscow Exchange

Obusuubuzi ku katale k’ebiseera eby’omu maaso bubeerawo okuva ku ssaawa 7:00 okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:50. Waliwo ebiseera bibiri eby’okuwummulamu okusenga: okuva ku ssaawa 14:00 okutuuka ku ssaawa 14:05 okugogola okw’omu makkati kubaawo, ate okuva ku ssaawa 18:45 okutuuka ku ssaawa 19:00/19:05 okugogola okukulu kubaawo. Okulongoosa kwe kuwummulamu okusenga n’okufunza. Okwawukanako n’akatale k’emigabo, okusinziira ku mateeka g’akatale k’emigabo, futures zisasulwa buli lunaku, emirundi ebiri olunaku. Ebbanga nga tebannaba kulongoosa kusooka liyitibwa olutuula lw’oku makya, oluvannyuma lwakyo – olutuula olw’emisana. Bombi bakola olutuula olukulu. Oluvannyuma lw’okuyonja akawungeezi, olutuula olw’akawungeezi lutandika. Kitundu ku lunaku lw’okusuubula oluddako. Ebinaava mu nkolagana ezikoleddwa akawungeezi bijja kutunuulirwa mu kulongoosa buli lunaku ku lunaku oluddako olw’okusuubula. Enwanyisiganya ekuŋŋaanya oba ewandiika omuwendo gw’enkyukakyuka (ekivudde mu by’ensimbi) okusobola okusasula, okusinziira ku bbeeyi y’okusasula eby’omu maaso mu kiseera ky’okusasula oba okutunda.

Ekiseera ekinene bwe kiti eky’okutuuka ku kusuubula kisobozesa abasuubuzi okukwata emirimu gy’obusuubuzi egy’obutale bwa Asia, Bulaaya, ne Amerika. Kino nakyo kye kimu ku bigenda okukolebwa mu Moscow Exchange.

Omukutu gwa Moscow Exchange n’okusuubula ku mukutu gwa yintaneeti

Moscow Exchange erina omukutu gwayo omutongole ogulina emirimu mingi: moex.com (Eng. Moscow Exchange). Okusuubula obutereevu nga oyita ku mukutu gwa Moscow Exchange gwennyini tekujja kukola – okuyita mu broker yekka.

Enkyusakyusa teziwa bamusigansimbi ab’obwannannyini butereevu. Bakolagana n’abakugu bokka abeetabye mu katale (abasuubuzi, kkampuni eziddukanya emirimu, abasuubuzi n’ebirala). Olw’ensonga eno, okuwanyisiganya ssente kusobola okufuga obukuumi bw’okutunda ebintu – buli omu ku bakolagana nabo amanyi “nga kulaba”. Era akimanyi nti asobola okukakasa obuvunaanyizibwa ku ludda lwe.

Osobola okukakasa nti nga waliwo offer yonna ey’okuteeka ssente butereevu ku exchange, awatali batabaganya, nga olina essimu yonna eri omuntu wa bulijjo agambibwa okuva mu exchange, twogera ku bafere.
Ekiwandiiko kino kifulumya olukalala lwa ba broker abo abakola nga bannaabwe. Mu kitundu ekirimu abeetabye bano abakugu omukozesa mw’anaafuna singa anyiga ku bbaatuuni ya “Ggulawo akawunti ku kuwaanyisiganya” ku lupapula lwonna olw’omukutu. Naye okufuna okusuubula ku Moscow Exchange kuweebwa ba broker bonna abamanyiddwa Banka Enkulu eya Russian Federation era nga balina layisinsi okukola emirimu gya brokerage – so si bakolagana nabo bokka.
Mu kitundu kya “Marketplace” (https://place.moex.com/) osobola okusaba okuggulawo akawunti ya brokerage entuufu ku yintaneeti. Mu mbeera eno, akawunti ejja kuggulwawo ne broker “Opening Broker”. Ojja kwetaaga ekifaananyi kya paasipooti (ekifaananyi ekiri ku ssimu yo kijja kukola), ennamba za TIN ne SNILS.

Demo account “Ekifo kyange”.

Bw’onyiga ku bbaatuuni ya “My Portfolio” ng’oyita ku mukutu gwa Moscow Exchange, osobola okugezaako okuteeka ssente ng’okozesa akawunti ya virtual demo.

Tewa bwannannyini bwa nnamaddala ku migatte, naye ejja kukusobozesa okuzimba ekifo ky’emiwendo gy’ebintu n’okulondoola enkola yaayo. Guno mukisa gw’okutandikirako awalala n’otegeera ssente eziteekeddwamu ku bumanyirivu bwo. Era mu kiseera kye kimu – awatali bulabe. Okuggulawo akawunti ya demo, ojja kwetaaga okuyingira ku mukutu – kino kiyinza okukolebwa ng’oyita mu lukusa ku Mpeereza za Gavumenti. Enkola ya akawunti ya virtual (virtual account) ntono nnyo. Ekika kya order kimu kyokka kye kiriwo, ekitabo kya order tekirabika, okulwawo okutikka quotes kuba eddakiika 15, ebivuga ebisinga okwettanirwa byokka bye bibaawo.

Okwetabamu, osobola okuwandiisa akawunti yo eya brokerage ng’oyita mu broker wo ku lupapula lw’empaka – singa broker aba munne wa… okuvuganya. Osobola n’okukozesa akawunti ya demo. Ekirabo ekikulu kya rubles 1,000,000. Omuntu eyeetabye mu mpaka zino y’awangula

Okutendekebwa ku mukutu gwa Moscow Exchange

Enkolagana y’okuyingira https://school.moex.com/ webinars. Waliwo obutambi obusasulwa n’obw’obwereere ne webinars ezikolebwa mu ngalo. Ebika bikuumibwa ku misingi egy’awamu egy’okuteeka ssente n’okukola ebifo, ku bikozesebwa mu kuteeka ssente (mutual funds, bond, options, futures, n’ebirala), ku kwekenneenya lipoota za kkampuni, ku kusolooza omusolo ku akawunti za brokerage.
Waliwo n’emisomo egy’omuddiring’anwa okuva mu basuubuzi abeegezaamu ku
by’okusuubula mu ngeri ya algorithmicku bubonero nga balina okwekenneenya ebiraga ebikulu. Ebibuuzo bisobola okubuuzibwa ku mikolo gino. Ebisulo bibeerawo emirundi mingi, okukwata ebifaananyi kugenda mu maaso, kale abalabi abakola si bangi nnyo, kale omusomesa addamu ebibuuzo byonna eby’abeetabye mu kutendekebwa. Okutendekebwa kuli mu kitundu ky’essomero lya Moscow Exchange School.

Amawulire ku by’obugagga ku mukutu gwa Moscow Exchange

Amawulire agakwata ku bibaddewo n’eby’obugagga ebisuubulirwa ku Moscow Exchange bisooka kulabika ku mukutu gwa Moscow Exchange, oluvannyuma ne biweebwa ba broker ku mpeereza zaabwe. Obuwagizi bwa broker bwe buba busirise, obusobozi bw’okukozesa omukutu gw’okuwanyisiganya bujja kuba bwa mugaso singa oba weetaaga okusalawo amangu ku by’okusiga ensimbi. Wadde nga ba broker batera okufulumya mu bufunze emigabo n’ebipimo byabwe ebikulu ku by’obugagga byabwe, baggya data okuva mu nsonda ezisookerwako. Ng’okozesa ebbaala y’okunoonya mu nsonda eya waggulu ku ddyo ku mukutu, osobola okugenda ku kintu kyonna singa oyingiza erinnya lyakyo. Bwe kityo, mu ngeri ennyangu era etera okuba ey’amangu okusinga ku broker, osobola okuzuula:

• amawulire agasembyeyo, omuli n’okuyimiriza okusuubula empapula,
• olunaku lw’okusooka okuteekebwamu, nga balowooza ku nkyukakyuka ezisembyeyo n’okwongezaayo, .
• olukalala olujjuvu olw’ebipimo by’emigabo, omuli ebikwata ku bintu ng’ebyo ebikulu, naye nga si bulijjo eri broker: olunaku lw’okuggalawo lijesita y’abalina bond, omuwendo gw’okusasula endagaano y’ebiseera eby’omu maaso ku kulongoosa okusembayo.

Okugeza, omusuubuzi wa Tinkoff okutuusa kati afulumya amawulire gokka agakwata ku lunaku lw’okusasula coupon, naye si ku lunaku lwe yagula bond okusobola okugwa wansi w’okusasula kuno (okuwukana ku lunaku lw’okusasula amagoba). Era, wadde nga Tinkoff talina mawulire ku bbeeyi ya futures mu clearing esembayo, kwe kugamba, okuva ku bbeeyi eno, variation margin ekuŋŋaanyizibwa oba ewandiikibwako. Nga tomanyi muwendo guno, tekijja kusoboka kutegeera bulungi lwaki omuwendo gw’omuwendo gw’enkyukakyuka gwali bwe gutyo ddala, naye omuwendo gw’okusasula gulowoozebwako okusinziira ku nkola ey’enjawulo eya Moscow Exchange.

Ku lupapula oluliko eby’obugagga, okuwanyisiganya kwa MOEX kufulumya: ebibaddewo mu kusuubula n’ebipimo bya buli lunaku, ekipande, ebipimo by’eby’obugagga, ebiwandiiko. Waliwo n’ekitundu ky’omulimu ekisasulwa nga kiriko amawulire agasingawo ag’ekikugu.

Ssente, omuwendo gwa ddoola n’omuwendo gwa Euro ku yintaneeti mu nkola ya Moscow Exchange

Omuwendo gw’ensimbi mu Moscow Exchange gwe muwendo gwe gumu aba broker gwe beewaanira mu birango byabwe. “Gula ssente mu ngeri ey’amagoba”, “tetuli bbanka”. Bino byonna ngeri za kutegeeza nti empeereza ziriwo okugula ddoola, Euro n’ensimbi endala ku muwendo gw’ensimbi – ku muwendo gw’ensimbi z’e Moscow. Omuwendo gw’ensimbi z’omugabo bulijjo gukola amagoba mangi okusinga omuwendo gwa bbanka. Omuko gulimu ebikwata ku kusuubula byonna ebikulu. Emiwendo emitono n’egya waggulu, omuwendo gw’okutunda okusembyeyo, n’obungi bw’okutunda bifulumizibwa. Mu mbeera eno, osobola okulonda olunaku lw’oyagala okuwanula amawulire ago. Emigabo gya Moscow Exchange (MOEX), kigwana okugula: https://youtu.be/JhXZI4R8Nac Wansi waliwo ebikulu byonna ebikwata ku lupapula luno, ISIN. Osobola okugenda mu kitundu ekirimu ebiwandiiko by’oyo agaba. Waliwo akabonero akalaga nti “Download Results,” naye kakyusa okudda ku buwandiike obusasulwa.

Bondi eziyitibwa Bondi

Ekintu omusigansimbi ono abakuumaddembe ky’ayagala ennyo ye bondi za gavumenti (OFZ, regional), wamu ne bondi z’amakampuni ga Russia, nga nazo ziteekebwa ne zisuubulirwa ku Moscow Exchange. Mu tabu eriko bond yonna, osobola okulaba ebikulu parameters: yield, maturity date, coupon ne coupon olunaku lw’okusasula. Omuko gwa bond era gufulumya enteekateeka n’ebikwata ku kusuubula. Wansi w’ekipande waliwo ebikwata ku nsonga eno mu bujjuvu, omuli koodi y’obukuumi, amannya amampi n’omujjuvu, ISIN, olunaku lw’okusasula n’ebintu ebirala ebikulu eri omusigansimbi. Eyo osobola n’okugenda ku tabu eriko enteekateeka y’okusasula coupon, wamu n’ekitundu ekirimu ebiwandiiko “Issuer’s reporting”. Ekiwandiiko ky’obukuumi osobola okukisanga wano. .

Ebiseera eby’omu maaso

Ku lupapula lw’ebiseera byonna eby’omu maaso, osobola okulaba ebipimo byayo byonna ebikulu n’ebiwandiiko by’endagaano. Ekimu ku bisinga okukuyamba kwe kuba nti ng’okozesa omukutu gwa Moscow Exchange, osobola okukebera omuwendo gw’okusasula endagaano y’ebiseera eby’omu maaso mu kiseera ky’okusembayo okusasula. Kino kirungi gyoli okwetongola okunnyonnyola lwaki omuwendo gw’ensimbi eziyingira oba eziwandiikiddwa okuvaamu enkyukakyuka – ba brokers tebatera kuwa mawulire gano oba okutwala obudde okukebera embeera. Okuva omuwendo gw’okusasula bwe gubalibwa okusinziira ku nkola ey’enjawulo eya Moscow Exchange, guyinza obutakwatagana na muwendo gwa katale ogw’ebiseera eby’omu maaso mu kiseera ky’okusasula.

Ensimbi z’Okwegatta n’Enkola

Waliwo akatundu akatono ku mukutu gwa Moscow Exchange akakusobozesa okulaba ssente zonna ez’okwegatta eziri ku mukutu guno n’obukodyo bwa Kkampuni eziddukanya emirimu. Ku buli kintu, eky’obugagga ekikulu, ssente, ensengeka (BPIF oba ETF), ticker biragiddwa. Abamu, waliwo ennyanjula eyongezeddwayo ey’ensimbi zino. Amawulire gali mu kitundu “Obutale” – “Akatale k’emigabo” – “Ebikozesebwa” – “Ensimbi ezisuubulirwa mu kukyusakyusa”. Emirimu mingi egy’okulonda enkola y’okuddukanya obwesige gisangibwa ku kitundu ky’omukutu gw’okuddukanya obwesige (https://du.moex.com/). Ku mwoleso gw’ebintu, osobola okusunsula ebiweebwa okusinziira ku magoba, omuwendo gw’ensimbi eziteekeddwamu, ekiseera ky’okuteeka ssente, akabi, ssente n’ekintu ky’okuteeka ssente. .
Enkola z’okuddukanya obwesige [/ caption] Bwe kityo, Moscow Exchange kibiina olw’okuba ba broker, era nga bayita mu bo bamusigansimbi, balina okufuna okusuubula okutebenkedde n’eby’obugagga eby’enjawulo. Okwawukana kwayo buli mu bikozesebwa bingi: okuva ku OFZ ezikuumaddembe okutuuka ku nkola ez’akabi. Enteekateeka y’okusuubula esobozesa omusigansimbi Omurussia okwetaba mu mirimu gy’okusuubula Abaasia, Abazungu n’Abamerika. Omukutu guno gulina omukutu omulungi era ogukola, empeereza ezigenderera bamusigansimbi. Era, ddala, empaka zinyuma.