Ubani umthengisi wamasheya, wenzani, angakhetha kanjani

Lonke iqiniso ngomthengisi wamasheya . Umtshali-zimali oyimfundamakhwela noma umthengisi ofuna ukuthenga amasheya, amabhondi nezinye izimpahla zezezimali kufanele aqonde ukuthi udinga i-akhawunti yomthengisi. Awukwazi nje ukuza ehhovisi lokushintshisana futhi uthenge izimpahla lapho. Kufanele kube khona umlamuli phakathi kokushintshisana nomthengi. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_11951″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”1023″]
Isebenza kanjani imakethe yesitoko[/caption]

Umlamuli phakathi kohwebo kanye nomhwebi/umtshalizimali

Umlamuli ngumuntu noma inkampani ephakathi komthengi wempahla nomnikazi. Uma umtshali-zimali enquma ukuthenga impahla yenkampani, akezi kumnikazi, kodwa uya e-stock exchange futhi athenge. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zabalamuli:

1. Umphathi – lona kungaba umuntu oyedwa noma inkampani esesha amathuluzi ezezimali, ehlaziya futhi ethenge. Le ndlela ifanele labo abafuna ukutshala imali, kodwa abafuni ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi bekhetha nokuhlaziya izinsimbi zezimali.
2. Umthengisi yinkampani esebenzela umtshali-zimali, ethenga izimpahla futhi izigcine endaweni yokugcina imali. Le ndlela ifaneleka kubantu abafuna ukwenza utshalomali oluzimele lwemali. Kulokhu, umtshali-zimali unikeza i-oda lokuthenga izimpahla ezikhethiwe, bese umthengisi akhiphe.

[i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_295″ align=”aligncenter” width=”665″]
Umsebenzi womdayiseli unohlelo – imisebenzi namandla enkampani yokuhweba[/caption]

Okubalulekile: Umthengisi nomphathi kufanele abhaliswe eRussia futhi abe nelayisensi yokwenza imisebenzi ekhishwe yiBhange Elikhulu, hlola ilayisensi:
https://www.cbr.ru/securities_market/registries/ .

Uhlu olugcwele lwabadayisi abanamalayisense: Ama
-Forex Brokers anelayisensi Ezinye izinkampani ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zazo zokutshala izimali zingabakhwabanisi. Ukusebenza nenkampani enjalo, ungalahlekelwa yizo zonke izimali zakho. Ukuze uhlole inkampani, udinga ukuya kuwebhusayithi ye-Moscow Exchange, kungcono ukhethe umthengisi kusukela kwabayishumi abaphezulu.

Indlela yokukhetha umthengisi – imibandela ebalulekile ngaphandle kwelayisensi

Kunemibandela emithathu eyinhloko:

• Ukuthembeka – ukuze ukuhlole, kunezilinganiso zabathengi. Kunama-ejensi amabili okulinganisa abalulekile e-Russia: Isazi i-RA kanye ne-NRA (I-National Rating Agency). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukuhlola ukwethembeka ngokubheka izibalo ngenani lama-akhawunti avuliwe kanye namakhasimende asebenzayo, inani lama-akhawunti wokutshala izimali avuliwe atholakala kuwebhusayithi ye-Moscow Exchange. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukucabangela ukuthi kukhona ukuhlukaniswa kwamabhange ahlanganyela emisebenzini yokuhweba kanye nezinkampani ezisebenza kuphela ebhizinisini lokuhweba, eziningi zazo ziba amabhange.

Okubalulekile: Idatha iyaphikisana, umthengisi oyedwa unenombolo enkulu yamakhasimende abhalisiwe, kodwa ambalwa ama-akhawunti asebenzayo futhi okuphambene nalokho.

Amathuluzi ezezimali athengiwe agcinwa endaweni yokugcina imali yomthengisi futhi uma kwenzeka eqothuka, umtshali-zimali ngeke abuyiselwe imali, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthola isinxephezelo ku-Deposit Insurance Agency, ukuze ubuyisele izimpahla, uzodinga ukuthintana. i-depository lapho umthengisi egcina khona izibambiso futhi azidlulisele kwenye i-akhawunti ye-brokerage. Isilinganiso sabathengi eRussia ngenani lamakhasimende ekupheleni kuka-2021-ekuqaleni kuka-2022:
Isilinganiso sabathengi ngenzuzo yohwebo:

• Ukunethezeka nokufinyeleleka – kuyaqondakala ukuthi umthengisi unesicelo seselula kanye ne-akhawunti yomuntu siqu kusiphequluli sekhompyutha. Umthengisi omuhle uzohlinzeka ngakho konke ukusebenza okudingekayo, ahlele umsebenzi ngaphandle kokwehluleka kanye namaqhwa.
• Inzuzo – Okufakiwe kule nto yilezi: izimali zomsebenzi noma izimali zokuhweba kanye nezinkokhelo zesevisi. Abadayisi bahola ngamakhomishana futhi uma umtshali-zimali enza ukuthengiselana okwengeziwe, kuba nenzuzo eyengeziwe. Umthengisi ngamunye unekhomishini yakhe futhi uhlukile kancane komunye. Ukugcinwa kwe-akhawunti kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kungadla ingxenye ebalulekile yemali, ukuze uthole izimo kanye nenani lokugcinwa kwe-akhawunti, udinga ukufunda amanani ngaphambi kokuvula i-akhawunti ye-brokerage nomthengisi othile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abathengisi bahlinzeka ngezimali zokugcina izibambiso endaweni yokugcina imali, kubalulekile futhi ukunaka lokhu. Okuningi mayelana nabathengi abanenzuzo:
https://www.banki.ru/investment/brokers/

Okubalulekile: Abanye abadayisi akumele bakhokhise imali
yokuthengisa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, njengenzuzo ye-akhawunti yomthengisi noma inani elithile ku-akhawunti lapho kukhokhiswa khona imali encane.

[i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_505″ align=”aligncenter” width=”768″]
Izibonelo zezindleko zokusevisa i-akhawunti yomthengisi[/caption]

Wenzani umthengisi?

Umdayisi wenza imisebenzi eminingi, ehlanganisa: ukuvula nokugcina i-akhawunti, ukwenza ama-oda eklayenti, ukwazisa mayelana nokuhwebelana, ukuhlinzeka ngemibiko mayelana nokwenziwe okuqediwe, ukuqongelela izinzuzo namakhuphoni, nezintela zokubamba.

Ivula ama-akhawunti

Umuntu ofuna ukutshala imali uvula i-akhawunti ye-brokerage lapho kugcinwa khona imali yokuthenga amathuluzi ezezimali, i-akhawunti ye-depository ivulelwa yena ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho kugcinwa khona izibambiso.

Iphatha ama-akhawunti

Ikhasimende elithenga izimpahla kufanele lidlulisele imali kumnikazi ngokusebenzisa umthengisi odlulisela imali ekuhwebeni, futhi ukushintshana kudlulisele izimpahla kumthengisi bese iklayenti lizithola ngokuphambene lapho lithengisa izimpahla.

Ugcwalisa imiyalo

Lapho umtshali-zimali enquma ukuthenga noma ukuthengisa impahla, udlulisela i-oda kumthengisi, owenza okudingekayo ngokwemiyalo ethunyelwe.

Okubalulekile: Umdayisi akakwazi ukuthengisa noma ukuthenga impahla ngokwakhe, lokhu kwenziwa umphathi.

Yazisa ngenkambo yendali

Ku-akhawunti yomuntu siqu noma kuhlelo lokusebenza lweselula, iklayenti libona inani lamanje lempahla ngayinye, inani layo elincike kumdayisi. Izibalo, izindaba, imibono kanye neminye imininingwane ingase ihlinzekwe ukuze iklayenti libe lula.

Inikeza imibiko

Ukwenziwa kwekhasimende ngakunye kuyarekhodwa futhi, uma kuceliwe noma ngokuzenzakalelayo, kunikezwa umbiko mayelana nokuthengiselana okwenziwe: iyiphi impahla ethengiwe, malini ethengiwe futhi yakhokhwa, ikhomishini kanye nenzuzo noma ukulahlekelwa okuvela ekuthengiseni.

Ukhokha intela kuhulumeni

Ethola inzuzo ngokuthengiselana, umtshali-zimali unesibopho sokukhokha intela yemali engenayo engu-13%. Ukwenza lula umsebenzi womtshali-zimali, umthengisi ubala ngokuzimela inzuzo futhi akhokhe intela.

Okubalulekile: Umthengisi ngamunye ukhetha isikhathi sokukhokha izintela, nyanga zonke, njalo ngonyaka.

Igcwalisa futhi ifake izimali zamakhredithi

Umthengisi wenza imali esuka ku-akhawunti yasebhange iye kweyakhe futhi okuphambene nalokho lapho ekhipha izimali. Akwenzeki ukuhoxisa inani elitshalwe kumathuluzi ezezimali. Ubani umthengisi ngamagama alula, wenzani, usebenza kanjani futhi yiziphi izinsizakalo ezinikezwa yinkampani yabathengisi emakethe yokushintshanisa: https://youtu.be/LTWBYDL5mnk

Ungavula kanjani i-akhawunti ye-brokerage?

Ngemuva kokuhlola nokukhetha umthengisi, kusasele ukuvula i-akhawunti. Izinkampani eziningi zenze lula inqubo yokuvula futhi ziyenza zikude, emizuzwini embalwa. U-Tinkoff unikeza ukuvula i-akhawunti ye-brokerage emaminithini we-5 nangezinyathelo ezimbalwa (
https://www.tinkoff.ru/invest ):
I-Sberbank (
https://www.sberbank.ru/ru/person/investments/broker_service/onboarding ):
Uma lokhu kungumthengisi omuhle, khona-ke ukukhetha kweklayenti ukulanda uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula noma ukuvula iwebhusayithi, bese kugcwaliswa uhlu lwemibuzo olulula, futhi ngemva kokuqinisekisa, i-akhawunti ivuliwe. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_509″ align=”aligncenter” width=”771″]
Inqubo yokuphothula isivumelwano sesevisi yomthengisi ne-Sberbank[/caption] Ukuvulwa (
https://open-broker.ru/invest/open-account/):
Ngemva kwalokho, kusala ukukhetha intela yesevisi eyengeziwe. Kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela, ngokuhambisana nezidingo zakho, kubathengisi abenza ukuthengiselana okusebenzayo, ikhomishana encane ngokuthengiselana ibalulekile, kumtshali-zimali ongavamile ukwenza ukuthengiselana, ikhomishana ayidlali indima ebalulekile. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_11949″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”678″]
Imibandela nezinkokhelo zabathengi abahlukahlukene e-Russia[/caption]

Okubalulekile: Ngokugcwalisa uhlu lwemibuzo nokuthumela idatha kumthengisi, iklayenti liyavumelana nemibandela yenkontileka, okufanele ifundwe ukuze ingahlangabezane nezinkinga nokungaqondi esikhathini esizayo.

Ungasebenza kanjani nomthengisi?

Ngemuva kwezigaba ezidlulisiwe, ukuxhumana nomthengisi kuyaqala. Uma inkampani ikhipha isoftware eyengeziwe (
itheminali ), kufanele ifakwe ngokulandela imiyalelo. Ngemva kwalokho, i-akhawunti igcwaliswa futhi umsebenzi uqala, umtshali-zimali ukhetha ithuluzi lezezimali elifunayo, athumele i-oda lokuthenga noma ukuthengisa impahla, umthengisi uyawenza ngokukhipha imali ku-akhawunti. Amathuluzi ezezimali, izibalo ezivela enkampanini, izindaba, izeluleko nokuqeqeshwa kungase kutholakale ku-akhawunti yakho yomuntu siqu.

1. Imfundo ihlukene : ama-webinars, interactive, izifundo zewebhu, njll. Ngokujwayelekile lezi yizifundo ezincane ezinezisekelo zokutshala imali, ezichaza izimiso zokutshala imali, ezifundisa indlela yokusebenzisa itheminali noma uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula.
2. Izibalo . Kungase kuvele enkampanini nasemabhange angaphandle ahamba phambili, okuqukethwe kuhlukile, kungase kube nama-athikili aphelele achaza izizathu zokuthenga noma izinguquko zesikhathi esizayo enkampanini ezizothinta ukukhula kwamanani entengo.
3. Imibono . Abahlaziyi bamabhange babeka phambili imibono efanele yokuthengwa kwempahla.
4. Izindaba . Izihloko zikuvumela ukuthi uthole ulwazi mayelana nenkampani ethile noma okwenzekayo emhlabeni wezezimali.

[i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_11952″ align=”aligncenter” width=”1024″]
Thenga/Thengisa amasheya ngesekhondi elingu-1[/caption]

Okufanele ukwenze uma umthengisi ephelelwa yimali

Akunakwenzeka ukuzivikela ezimweni ezicindezelayo, umthengisi lapho umtshali-zimali asebenza khona angase aphelelwe yimali noma aphucwe ilayisense. Futhi iklayenti kudingeka liqonde ukuthi livikelwe kancane ngumthetho “Emakethe Yezibambiso”. Konke kuncike ohlotsheni lwenhlangano:

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kwebhange – kulesi simo, imali ayihlukaniswanga ngamakhasimende (abagciniwe, abatshalizimali, nabanye), base “inqwaba” evamile futhi ukuze ubuyisele eyakho, kuzodingeka ulinde inqubo yokuqothuka. kuqedwe futhi bajoyine ulayini wezisulu, cishe bazokhipha izikweletu ezinkulu kuqala, bese beqala ukubuyisela imali yeklayenti. Babuya enanini eliphelele, i.e. kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiliphi inani eliku-akhawunti yomthengisi, okunye kuzohlukaniswa phakathi kwawo wonke umuntu.
2. Isakhiwo esihlukile – imali ku-akhawunti ye-brokerage izohlukaniswa phakathi kwamakhasimende, ngaphandle kokulinda inqubo yokuqothuka, uma umthengisi engazange asebenzise izimali zokuthengiselana komuntu siqu.

Okubalulekile: kubalulekile kumakhasimende anikezwa iminyango yamabhange ukwazi ukuthi izimali eziku-akhawunti yomthengisi zisetshenziswa yibhange futhi lokhu kusemthethweni.

Ungaba kanjani umthengisi wamasheya, okudingekayo kulokhu futhi kungenzeka ngasese: https://youtu.be/rbMjkC1T1NM

Ngenxa yalokho

Ungakhetha kanjani umthengisi?
Iya kuwebhusayithi yeBhange LaseRussia	Funda amanani nenkontileka
Khetha izinkampani zokuqala ezingu-5-10	Linganisa ukusebenziseka kalula nokusebenza
Hlola isilinganiso kuchwepheshe we-RA kanye ne-NRA	Qiniseka ukuthi unamathuluzi ezezimali afanele

Ukukhethwa komthengisi kuzothinta umsebenzi oqhubekayo womhwebi/umtshalizimali, ukuze ugweme ukubambezeleka kanye nokuphazamiseka, uzodinga ukuqoqa ulwazi ku-inthanethi, uhlole izilinganiso, uhlole ukusebenziseka kalula kanye nezinzuzo zokusebenzisa izinsizakalo zomthengisi, funda amanani entengo kanye nenkontileka. Kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukuhlola ikhwalithi yezinsizakalo ezinikeziwe, ukuhwebelana okunikeza ukufinyelela kanye nokuthi mangaki amathuluzi ezezimali ehlinzekayo, ukuthi izicubungula kanjani izicelo kusevisi yosekelo. Ngenhlanhla kubatshalizimali, amavidiyo we-YouTube ayatholakala ngolwazi mayelana nomthengisi ngamunye, ukubuyekezwa komsebenzi. Ngemva kokubuka ividiyo, kusamele uqiniseke ngalokho okushiwo ngokubheka ulwazi olunikezwe ku-inthanethi ngokwakho. Imithombo yizindawo ezithenjwayo, izinkundla (lapha udinga ukuqapha futhi ungakholelwa wonke amagama), ukushicilelwa kwezindaba, ngokuvamile kunethebhu mayelana nezwe lezezimali.