I-akhawunti ye-Brokerage: ukuthi iyini, isebenza kanjani nokuthi ungayivula kanjani nomthengisi

I-akhawunti ye-Brokerage: kuyini futhi isebenza kanjani? Esimeni sezintengo eziphansi zamadiphozi ezinhlangano zamabhange, imithombo yemali engenayo engenzi lutho ithola isidingo esingathandeki. Muva nje, izakhamizi bezilokhu zibuza ngokuzithandela mayelana nemininingwane yokutshala imali ezimakethe zamasheya kanye nemininingwane yokubhekana nezibambiso. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukubamba iqhaza endalini ngokuqondile kwezakhamizi nezinhlangano ezisemthethweni akunakwenzeka. Ukuze wenze ukutshalwa kwezimali futhi wenze ukuthengiselana emakethe yamasheya, uzodinga ukuthola usizo lomxhumanisi onekhono – umthengisi (inhlangano enikezwe ilayisense lokufinyelela izimakethe zokuhwebelana zomhlaba).
I-athikili ihlinzeka ngolwazi lokuthi ungayenza kanjani imali ku-akhawunti ye-brokerage ngaphandle kokuba yisisulu sabakhwabanisi kanye nokuthola izimpahla ezinenzuzo.

Iyini i-akhawunti ye-brokerage – ngamagama alula mayelana nenkimbinkimbi

I-akhawunti yeklayenti yomuntu siqu evulwe inhlangano yabathengi futhi ehloselwe ukugcinwa okuphephile kwamaphepha ebhizinisi namayunithi emali ibizwa ngokuthi i-akhawunti yomthengisi. Isetshenziselwa ukwenza imisebenzi yokuthenga nokudayiswa kwezibambiso ezihlukahlukene (
amasheya ,
amabhondi ,
ikusasa , izinketho, phambili, njll.) ekuhwebeni kwasekhaya nasezimakethe zangaphandle. Umtshali-zimali akanalo ithuba lokuthenga izibambiso ku-stock exchange. Udinga
umthengisi– umuntu ongumxhumanisi onelayisensi eqinisekisiwe evela eBhange Elikhulu. Inkampani ye-brokerage idala i-akhawunti lapho umtshali-zimali adlulisela khona ukonga. Umdayisi uthola ithuba lokuthenga nokudayisa izibambiso egameni lomfaki-mali. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_509” align = “aligncenter” wide = “771”]
Inqubo yokuphothula isivumelwano sesevisi ye-brokerage ku-Sberbank [/ amazwibela] Inombolo yama-akhawunti omnikazi ayinqunyelwe, kungenzeka ukukhokha izimali kanye nezibambiso zanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwemali. Inani lokutshalwa kwezimali phakathi nezinyanga zekhalenda eziyi-12 alikhawulelwe. Ukuhoxiswa kokulondoloza ku-akhawunti kungenziwa nganoma yiliphi inani nanoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kunenzuzo yobunikazi yesikhathi eside. Ngemva kokuthola ukuthi i-akhawunti yomthengisi iyini, akumele sikhohlwe ukuthi i-akhawunti yasebhange kanye “nesikhwama somthengisi” akuyona imiqondo efanayo, futhi kuyiphutha ukuwaqhathanisa. Ukusebenzisa i-akhawunti yomuntu siqu, isakhamuzi asikwazi ukubamba iqhaza ekuhwebeni futhi sizuze emakethe yokushintshanisa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-accounting unit afanayo ngokuthi agcina izimali eziphathiswe isikhungo samabhange. Kodwa kunomehluko ophawulekayo.

Qaphela! Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-akhawunti ye-brokerage ukuthi umnikazi uthola ukufinyelela kumathuluzi ezezimali ezinkampani ezihamba phambili zamazwe ngamazwe nezaseRussia. Inzuzo yomtshali-zimali yenziwa ngezabelo zephromoshini, izinkokhelo zenzalo kumabhondi kanye nemali engenayo evela ekuthengisweni kwezibambiso uma inani lazo lenyukile.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-akhawunti omthengisi?

Izinhlobo zama-akhawunti omthengisi ngokuvamile zihlukaniswa ngokuya ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo.

Ngenombolo yabanikelayo

Bangaba ngabanye noma beqoqo (kuya ngenani labanikazi). Iqoqo lidume kakhulu e-United States. Umbhangqwana oshadile, abangani noma ozakwethu bebhizinisi bangase babe nokufinyelela okungenamkhawulo ekongeni zezimali kanye nezibambiso. E-Russian Federation, ngokuphambene nalokho, izikhwama zomuntu ngamunye zivamile. Uma umhlali ehlela ukugcina i-akhawunti ye-brokerage phesheya, kungase kube nezinkinga ngokuhoxiswa kwezimali.

Ngendlela yokubambisana nenkampani yabathengi

Ukuphathwa kwe-akhawunti kungaba ukwethenjwa (umfaki-mali uphathisa umphathi wephothifoliyo yephrojekthi ukuphatha ukonga) futhi azimele (umtshalizimali wenza ukuqaliswa kokuhwebelana kohwebo).

Ngezindlela zokukhokha

Ngokuya ngendlela yokukhokha, i-akhawunti ye-brokerage ihlukaniswa ibe ukheshi, imajini, ukusula, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali komuntu ngamunye. Uma umtshali-zimali enesithakazelo
laphovula i-akhawunti ye-brokerage yomuntu oqalayo, kuhle ukunikeza okuthandayo kukheshi. Lena indlela ethembeke kakhulu futhi evikelekile. Kungenzeka ukufaka noma yiliphi inani lemali futhi ngokushesha wenze ukuthengiselana ngokushintshana. Ukusebenzisa imali etholakala kumasheya adayisiwe, kufanele ulinde aze afike ku-wallet. I-akhawunti ye-margin ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinsiza ezengeziwe namathuluzi okuhweba. Isici esibalulekile siwukuthi okunikezwayo okunenzuzo ngeke kuphuthelwe, noma ngabe ingekho imali eyanele ku-akhawunti. Izibambiso zithengwa ngokuvikeleka kwempahla. Usebenzisa i-akhawunti yezinketho, ungahlanganyela ekuthengisweni kwezinketho (isivumelwano esinikeza umthengi igunya lokuthenga noma ukuthengisa impahla ngesikhathi esithile ngentengo okuvunyelwene ngayo ngayizolo). Umthengisi wamasheya uthola imali
I-akhawunti yotshalomali yomuntu ngamunye (IIA) iyisikhwama somthengisi esinezinkokhelo ezikhethwa yintela ezivela kuhulumeni. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_12231″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”812″]
Izici ze-IIS[/caption] I-akhawunti ye-Brokerage: iyini futhi uyivula kanjani i-akhawunti nomthengisi, ibiza malini futhi ikuphi kungcono ukuvula ngo-2022: https://youtu.be/0f9avxrgMTg

Umehluko ku-IIS

I-akhawunti yokutshala izimali yomuntu ngamunye (ukuvulwa eRussian Federation kungenzeka kusukela ngo-2015), njengenye yezinhlobonhlobo ze-akhawunti ye-brokerage, ikuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele ukuhweba ekuhwebeni kwamasheya, kodwa ngomkhawulo othile. Omunye umehluko obalulekile ukukhokhwa kwezinzuzo zentela ezivela ezinhlakeni zikahulumeni. Iholo lomnikazi liba likhulu uma sicabangela idiphozithi kanye nezikhwama zemali zokuthengisa. Angakwazi ukuthenga izimpahla zezinhlangano zezohwebo nezikahulumeni. I-IIS ingakha izikhungo zamabhange, izinkampani zokuthengisa kanye nezinkampani zokuphatha. Umtshali-zimali unelungelo lokuvula i-akhawunti eyodwa kuphela nomthengisi oyedwa. Inani elidluliselwe phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-12 zekhalenda akumele lidlule ama-ruble aseRussia ayizigidi ezi-1 (amanye amayunithi wemali awakwazi ukusetshenziswa). Ukuthola izinzuzo zentela kungenzeka uma isikhwama semali sisebenza okungenani iminyaka emi-3. Ukuhoxiswa kokonga kwezezimali akunakwenzeka kuze kuphele isikhathi sokufaka isicelo. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_12479” align = “aligncenter” wide = “661”]
I-akhawunti ye-Brokerage VS IIS – uyini umehluko[/caption]

Udinga ukwazi! Ukufinyelela kutholakala kuphela ekuhwebeni kwamasheya asekhaya (eMoscow, eSt. Petersburg). Izinkokhelo zezinzuzo ziyimali ebanjwayo yemali engenayo neminikelo.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-IIS ne-akhawunti ye-brokerage – incazelo yabaqalayo: https://youtu.be/YwC1EVhNvHo

Isebenza kanjani?

Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zichaza ukuthi i-akhawunti ye-brokerage isebenza kanjani:

1. Umtshali-zimali uthintana nomthengisi (inhlangano enelayisensi) futhi enze isivumelwano sokudala i-akhawunti.
2. Ofaka imali udlulisela ukonga kwezinto ezibonakalayo ediphozini.
3. Ngokusebenzisa isoftware, umthengi uphatha imali yakhe. Lapho kudingekile ukuthenga izibambiso, udala isicelo sokuthengiselana (ngenombolo yocingo, ngohlelo lokusebenza noma ngeselula).
4. Inkampani ye-brokerage iqinisekisa ngokusemthethweni ukuthengiselana. Amanani okutshalwa kwezimali nawekhomishini adonswa ediphozini, okuthi ngemva kwalokho ikhasimende lithole isaziso sokuthi impahla yezezimali isiyatholakala kulo.

Kungani uvule i-akhawunti ye-brokerage

Incazelo yokuthi i-akhawunti ye-brokerage ingeyani ibandakanya ama-nuances amaningi. Inhlangano ye-brokerage inikeza umtshali-zimali ithuba lokungena emakethe yokushintshanisa futhi aqale ukwenza ukuthengiselana kokuthenga nokudayiswa kwezibambiso. Kunezimali zekhomishini zale sevisi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi izinkampani zomlamuli kuphela ezinelayisensi eqinisekisiwe ezinelungelo lokubamba iqhaza ekuhwebeni. Lokhu kwenza ukubambisana kube nezithelo futhi kubaluleke kakhulu. Umtshali-zimali uchazwa ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokusebenzisa i-akhawunti ye-brokerage.

Okubalulekile! Abathengi abayisebenzisi imali yabo siqu, kodwa basabalalisa kuphela imali etholwa abafaka imali. Ezimweni eziningi, abatshalizimali banentshisekelo embuzweni wokuthi ungayenza kanjani i-akhawunti ye-brokerage yohlobo lwe-trust. Isizathu salokhu silula: bamane nje abanaso isifiso sokungena emininingwaneni yokuhweba esitokisini. Khona-ke inkampani engumxhumanisi ikhululekile ukwenza izinqumo ngokuzimela ekuthengeni noma ekuthengisweni kwamathuluzi ezezimali.

Kungcono kanjani futhi kuphi ukuvula i-akhawunti ye-brokerage e-Russian Federation ngo-2022, ngokuya ngokuthi yiziphi izindlela ezikhethwa umthengisi, izibonelo ezithile

Okwamanje, izakhamizi nezinhlangano zingavula i-akhawunti ye-brokerage nesikhungo sasebhange saseRussia noma nomxhumanisi. Umthengisi onokwethenjelwa kufanele abe nedokhumenti yelayisense evela eBhange Elikhulu, isipiliyoni somsebenzi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 (ukuba amelane nezinguquko zezomnotho) kanye nendawo esilinganisweni seMoscow Exchange Market. Lezi izindlela ezikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe inkampani yomlamuli ethembekile. Ngokwezibalo ze-Moscow Exchange, abathengisi abalandelayo bahamba phambili ngokuya ngenani labasebenzisi kanye nevolumu yokuthengiselana.

1. I- Sberbank . Ngokufaka i-Sberbank Investor utility mobile, abasebenzisi bathola ithuba lokudala isikhwama somthengisi, bakhethe enye yezindlela ezihlongozwe abahlaziyi abanolwazi, futhi baqaphe imiphumela ngesikhathi sangempela.
2. Tinkoff . Ibhekwa njengesevisi engcono kakhulu yabafaki-mali emhlabeni (ngokusho kwephephabhuku lezezimali lesiNgisi le-Global Finance). Ukuthengwa kwezibambiso kungenzeka usebenzisa ikhadi le-Tinkoff. Ikhathalogi iqukethe okungenani amafa ayi-11,000.
3. I- VTB . Abaphathi be-brokerage kanye nama-akhawunti okutshalwa kwezimali angawodwana bathola ukufinyelela emibonweni yakamuva yabatshalizimali kanye nokuhlaziywa kochwepheshe kokuhlaziya izimakethe zamasheya, imikhakha ezimele yezomnotho, amafemu, namabhizinisi.
4. I-Finam Investment Holding JSC . Ungakhetha izinqumo zamasu ezinembe kakhulu, uthole ulwazi mayelana namadili anenzuzo, usebenze ngokuhwebelana okubanzi, uthintane nabathengisi abadumile.
5. Promsvyazbank . Izakhamizi zinikezwa ukufinyelela esitokweni (amabhondi, amasheya) kanye nezindawo eziphuthumayo (zesikhathi esizayo) zokuhwebelana, kanye nasemakethe yemali. Isevisi imahhala. Ukusekelwa kwekhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe.

[i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_11949″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”678″]
Imibandela nezinkokhelo zabathengi abahlukahlukene e-Russia[/caption]

Ungavula kanjani i-akhawunti ye-brokerage

Ukusebenzisana phakathi komthengisi neklayenti kungokulandelayo.

1. Umthengisi udala i-akhawunti yokuhweba yomthengi, lapho kungenzeka khona ukwenza imisebenzi ku-stock exchange.
2. Icabangela izithakazelo nezinto ezithandwa ngumfaki-mali, inkampani yomthengisi ingathenga futhi idayise izimpahla zezezimali ezihlukahlukene ngezindleko zakhe.
3. Umtshalizimali uthumela isicelo sokuthenga noma ukuthengiswa kwezibambiso / amayunithi emali, futhi umlamuli uphetha isivumelwano.
4. Inzuzo evela ekuthengiseni (ngemuva kokudluliselwa kwezinkokhelo zekhomishini ezibalulwe esivumelwaneni) ithunyelwa ku-akhawunti yomtshali-zimali.
5. Umdayisi angakwazi futhi ukufeza ezinye izibopho: ukwenza ukuhlaziywa kokuhlaziya, ukunikeza izincomo kumtshali-zimali mayelana namasu okuhweba, hlola imibhalo ngokuhambisana nemibandela yomthetho.

Umshwalense we-akhawunti ye-Brokerage

Umshwalense we-akhawunti ye-brokerage uyadingeka ukuze kulondolozwe izimpahla zomnikeli esimweni lapho umlamuli eqothuka noma elahlekelwa ilayisense eqinisekisiwe. Amathuluzi ezezimali omtshali-zimali kufanele agcinwe ngendlela yediphozithi, ngemva kwalokho afakwe ku-akhawunti yenye inkampani yomthengisi. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_12489″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”721″]
Ilayisense yokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuthengisa[/caption] Kodwa akuvamile ukuthi inkampani idalulwe njengokukhwabanisa, futhi uthishanhloko alahlekelwe ukonga nezibambiso. . Yini engenziwa ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi? Futhi ingabe imali eku-akhawunti yomthengisi inomshwalense? Kunconyiwe:

1. Sebenzisana nezinkampani ezinkulu kuphela . Abasongelwa ngokuqothuka nokulahlekelwa ilayisensi. Kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Moscow Exchange Market, uhlu lwezinhlangano ezibanzi lubuyekezwa nyanga zonke.
2. Ungathembeli yonke imali oyilondolozile enkampanini eyodwa . Uma inhloko-dolobha ibalulekile, kungaba okunengqondo ukuyisabalalisa phakathi kwama-wallet ambalwa okuhweba. Isibonelo, phakathi kwezinhlangano zamabhange zombuso eziningana kanye neyodwa yamazwe ngamazwe.
3. Iba nesiqinisekiso sedokhumentari sokuthengiselana . Umdayisi kufanele anikeze ofake imali ngamadokhumenti okubika mayelana nokuthengiselana kwezezimali, kanye nesitatimende sediphozithi esisho zonke izimpahla. Isixazululo esiwusizo uma kukhona izinkathazo mayelana nokuqothuka.
4. Ungagcini imali yamahhala esikhwameni . Ngaphandle kokutshala izimali ezitokisini ezinenzuzo, akwenzi mqondo ukonga izizumbulu zemali ku-brokerage kanye nama-akhawunti okutshalwa kwezimali ngamanye.
5. Dala i-akhawunti ehlukile . Lokhu akuyona i-panacea yokuphepha, kodwa isikhwama esinjalo sivikelekile ekuqoqweni kwenkampani yokuhweba. Kodwa kukhona i-caveat: ukugcinwa kwayo kungabiza kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuzona zonke izinkampani ezinikeza izinsizakalo ezinjalo.

https://articles.opexflow.com/brokers/brokerskoe-obsluzhivanie-v-rossii.htm

Imibuzo nezimpendulo

Yini enye okufanele ukwazi nge-akhawunti ye-brokerage.

Umbuzo	Phendula
Kungenzeka yini ukuba nama-akhawunti amabili omthengisi emabhange ahlukene?	Lokhu akunqatshelwe umthetho osebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, lo mthetho awusebenzi kuma-wallet otshalomali ngamunye.
Ungavula i-akhawunti ye-brokerage uneminyaka emingaki?	Kusukela eminyakeni engu-18. Kungase kube nezimo ezihlukile lapho isakhamuzi sithola khona izimpahla. Khona-ke kuvunyelwe ukudala i-akhawunti ye-brokerage evamile. Nokho, ukuthengiselana kungenziwa kuphela ngemvume yabameleli bezomthetho.
Ibiza malini i-akhawunti ye-brokerage?	Isilinganiso esincane okuxoxiswe ngaso ngabathengi singama-ruble angama-30,000 aseRussia.
I-akhawunti ye-Term Brokerage: Iyini?	Lokhu kuyingxenye yemakethe yokushintshisana, lapho izivumelwano ziphothulwa khona ngesikhathi esithile. Sikhuluma ngezinkontileka zezinketho nekusasa.
Ithuluzi lezezimali alitholakali ukuthi lihwebe kuma-akhawunti akho. Kusho ukuthini lokhu?	Amathuluzi ezezimali ahlukahlukene e-Moscow naseSt. Petersburg stock exchanges anesimiso esikhethekile (izikhathi zokuqala nezokugcina zokuhweba). Mhlawumbe iseshini yokuhweba yempahla isiphelile. Khona-ke isicelo sizohluleka.
Ungayisusa kanjani i-akhawunti ye-brokerage?	Ekhasini eliyimfihlo, uzodinga ukuchofoza kuthebhu ethi “Akhawunti”, bese ukhetha inketho ethi “Vala i-akhawunti”. Ifomu lesicelo eliku-inthanethi lizobonakala ligcwaliswa.
Ikhishwa kanjani imali ku-akhawunti ye-brokerage?	Ukuhoxisa ukonga ku-ATM akunakwenzeka. Kufanele ziqale zikhishwe esikhwameni sebhange.
Kwenzekani uma ungasebenzisi i-akhawunti yomthengisi?	Ukunqanyulwa kokusetshenziswa kwe-akhawunti (ngaphandle kwenketho yokuvala) akumkhululi ofake imali ezinkokhelweni zekhomishini. Ngenxa yalokho, ibhalansi ingase ibe yindlala, futhi kuzodingeka ukhokhe isikweletu enkampanini yokuhweba.
Ungayidlulisela kanjani imali isuka kwenye i-akhawunti ye-brokerage iye kwenye?	Kungcono ukuthengisa izibambiso ku-akhawunti ye-brokerage endala, ukuhoxisa ukonga ekhadini lasebhange bese ugcwalisa i-akhawunti ngomxhumanisi omusha.
Ngingakwazi ukuvula i-akhawunti yomthengisi yomunye umuntu?	Esimeni esinjalo, udinga ukutshela umlamuli ngenkinga futhi ucele usizo. Ungakwazi ukuvula i-brokerage noma i-akhawunti yokutshalwa kwezimali yomuntu ngamunye egameni lomunye umuntu, bese udweba amandla ommeli womuntu wokuqala ukwenza ukuthengiselana kwezezimali.
Ithini inombolo ye-akhawunti yomthengisi?	Inombolo ye-akhawunti yomphathi we-akhawunti ngamunye. Isetshenziselwa ukugwema ukudideka nokwenza lula ukuhlonza umsebenzisi.
Ukubalwa kwekhomishana yomthengisi. Kwenziwa kanjani?	Ikhomishini ye-Brokerage – iphesenti yenani eliphelele lesivumelwano. Ubukhulu bayo bucaciswe esivumelwaneni.

Yiziphi izingozi?

Ubungozi bungenye yezinkinga ezibalulekile eziphakama ngaphambi kwesinqumo sokwenza isivumelwano nomxhumanisi. “Izihibe” ezilandelayo zichazwa:

1. Ibhizinisi lesikhathi eside alinakwenzeka ngaphandle kwephothifoliyo ehlukahlukene yezimpahla zaseRussia nezamazwe ngamazwe. Lokhu-ke kuhilela ukukhokhela iseluleko sochwepheshe.
2. Umthombo oyinhloko wemali engenayo yamafemu abathengisi yizinkokhelo zekhomishini zokuthengiselana kwezezimali okuphothuliwe. Ngalesi sizathu, abaxhumanisi bagqugquzela abatshalizimali ukuthi bathenge njalo noma badayise amathuluzi ezezimali.
3. Kuzodingeka ukhokhe kahle ukuze uthole ukuhlaziya kochwepheshe. Abadayisi abaluvezi ulwazi olunjalo mahhala.
4. Akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuqapha. Abakhwabanisi bavame ukucasha ngaphansi kwesithunzi sabathengi abanolwazi nabanobungane.

Ngakho, ukuvula nokugcina i-akhawunti yomthengisi akuwona umsebenzi olula (futhi akuqinisekisiwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi inzuzo). Ukuze ungalahlekelwa imali oyilondolozile, ungazinaki izinyathelo zokuphepha.