Guhindagurika ku isoko ryimigabane – icyo aricyo, uburyo bwo kuyikoresha mubucuruzi

Niki ihindagurika ku isoko ryimigabane, ihindagurika rito kandi ryinshi, kubara no gusesengura. Igitekerezo cyo guhindagurika gishobora kuboneka mubucuruzi bwinshi. Kuberako irazwi cyane. Iri jambo akenshi risobanura gukora ibikorwa neza no guhanura neza kwimuka ryumutungo utandukanye. Duhereye kuri ibi dushobora kwemeza ko guhindagurika ari igice cyingenzi mubucuruzi, bitabaye ibyo birashoboka gusa kutumva icyo abitabiriye isoko iryo ari ryo ryose bavuga.
Ihindagurika ryinshi kandi rito [/ caption]

Guhindagurika ni ihindagurika ryibiciro byumutungo utandukanye ku isoko ryivunjisha. Ukurikije umwanya wacyo, birashobora kuba hejuru kandi biri hasi, iyi myanya iterwa no gutandukanya icyuho kinini kandi gito mumwanya wimyanya.

Inyungu zo gusobanukirwa ihindagurika ry’isoko ryimigabane ni nini cyane cyane kubacuruzi n’abashoramari b’igihe gito, kuko ibiciro ku isoko bihora bizamuka bikamanuka. Duhereye kuri ibi bikurikira ko ihindagurika ryerekana umucuruzi intera ihindagurika mugiciro cyumutungo. Ni ukuvuga, uko urwego ruhindagurika, niko guhindagurika. Ibi kandi bikora muburyo bunyuranye, ni ukuvuga, iyo isoko ryinshi cyangwa rito rituje, noneho ihindagurika rikamanuka kugeza byibuze. Ihindagurika ubwaryo ribarwa nkijanisha ryibiciro byumutungo. Guhindagurika ni iki, gucuruza kubatangiye: https://youtu.be/_jPvtBZ4WJI

Ni iki kigira ingaruka ku guhindagurika

Ihindagurika ryatewe numubare munini cyane wibintu byo hanze nimbere. Ibi birimo: ibintu bitandukanye ku isi no mubigo, ibintu byubukungu, amakuru yisoko ryishoramari, hamwe n imyumvire yabashoramari. Kurugero, niba itsinda ryabashoramari nini n’abaciriritse bafite gushidikanya na gato ku mutungo, batangira kubigurisha ari benshi, kandi ni muri ibyo niho ihindagurika ryiyongera. Ibintu bikunze kugaragara kandi byingenzi nibibazo bituma ihindagurika ryiyongera bizerekanwa hepfo. Dore bimwe muri byo:

1. Ibikorwa byingenzi byubukungu, isoko na politiki . Iyi ngingo ikubiyemo kubuza igihugu kimwe kubindi, cyangwa kubuza isosiyete nini kurwanya ikindi.
2. Iterambere ry’ubukungu na politiki . Iki kintu gifite ingaruka zikomeye kumihindagurikire. Kandi nanone iki kintu gishobora kugabanywamo amatsinda abiri manini:
   1. Ubukungu . Iri tsinda ryerekana amakuru yose yerekeye igipimo cy’ubushomeri, imbaraga za GDP, igipimo fatizo cy’inyungu, ifaranga, imiterere y’ifaranga, n’ibindi.
   2. Geopolitike . Iri tsinda rikubiyemo amakuru yose yerekeye amatora, yerekeye abakozi ba Leta, ibihano, n’ibindi. guhindagurika.

3. Raporo yisosiyete . Na none, ihindagurika ryibicuruzwa byikigo runaka birashobora guterwa na raporo yimari yabo, isuzuma ryibicuruzwa cyangwa amakuru ajyanye no kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa bishya byingenzi, umunsi wumushoramari, nibindi. Iyi nayo nimpamvu izwi cyane yo guhindura ihindagurika, kuko ibigo bikunze kugira ibintu bimwe na bimwe bitunguranye.
4. Amakuru n’ibihuha bitandukanye bizwi . Iyi mpamvu nayo irazwi cyane, kuko burigihe hariho ibihuha byinshi mubitangazamakuru bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka kwimyuka. Kurugero: nyuma yamakuru amaze kugaragara kuri enterineti ko Yandex yaguze Banki ya Tinkoff. Ukurikije ibyo bihuha, ihindagurika ryimigabane ya Yandex na Tinkoff ryahise ryiyongera kandi hafi yageze kumwanya waryo.
5. Gukoresha isoko . Iyi mpamvu ishingiye ku bikorwa by’abacuruzi bakomeye n’abakora amasoko, hamwe n’ibyemezo byabo, bigira uruhare runini ku myanya y’imihindagurikire mu kuvunja no ku isoko ry’imigabane. Ntitugomba kandi kwibagirwa ko atari abantu bakunzwe gusa bafite imbaraga zikomeye muri societe nibitekerezo byabo bishobora kugira ingaruka kumihindagurikire, ariko kandi nabakoresha bisanzwe imbuga nkoranyambaga. Ariko mbere yo gukora ibintu nkibi, ntitugomba kwibagirwa ko ibyo bikorwa bishobora kuganisha ku ngaruka zimwe na zimwe zitari nziza cyane. Nubwo bigoye kubigaragaza, nibyiza kutabangamira izina ryawe.

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Ibintu byiza kandi bibi byo guhindagurika

Buri mushoramari wiyubaha agomba kumenya ibyiza nibibi bya buri gitekerezo kumasoko yimigabane. Niyo mpamvu, kimwe no mubitekerezo byose, ihindagurika rifite impande zombi nziza kandi mbi kubashoramari.

Uruhande rwiza

Guhindagurika bifite ibyiza byinshi bizafasha abashoramari gukora ibicuruzwa byunguka ku isoko ryimigabane. Hano hari kimwe mubyingenzi. Iyo habaye igabanuka ku isoko ryimigabane, ihindagurika rifasha abashoramari bose kugura umutungo wunguka kandi wunguka. Kuri ubu iyo igiciro cyimigabane cyisosiyete nini kigabanutse neza kubera guhindagurika, noneho muriki gihe abagwiza bagabanuka cyane kandi ni mugihe iki gihe imigabane nimpapuro zishobora kugurwa kubiciro bishimishije, hamwe nibiciro byinshi.

Uruhande rubi

Ariko guhindagurika bifite ibibi byihariye nibibi kubashoramari. Ariko izi nenge zigira ingaruka kubashoramari bashya gusa batinya guhindagurika ubwabyo. Dore bimwe muri ibyo bibi:

1. Ahanini kubera gutinya guhindagurika abashoramari bafata ibyemezo byubucucu kandi bidafite ishingiro bigira ingaruka kumafaranga yabo. Kurugero: rimwe na rimwe bagurisha impapuro zabo hamwe nimigabane mugihe ibiciro byagabanutse cyane, ariko mugihe kimwe batangiye kuzamuka. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa gukurikirana neza imigendekere yimyuka no gufata mumutwe ibikorwa byingenzi.
2. Bitewe no guhindagurika, agaciro rusange ka portfolio karashobora kugabanuka neza. Iki kibazo kirasanzwe kubashoramari. Nyuma ya byose, kugeza umutungo wose ugurishijwe, bizafatwa nkigihombo gusa. Kubashoramari, uyu ni umutwaro uremereye cyane mumarangamutima, ibi rero bigomba gukurikiranwa neza, bitabaye ibyo ntibishobora gutera ingaruka nziza cyane.

Ihindagurika ryimigabane ya Sberbank .

Nigute ushobora gukoresha ihindagurika ku isoko ryimigabane

Guhindagurika bigira uruhare runini ku isoko ryimari, niyo mpamvu mugihe utegura amayeri adasanzwe, urashobora kubyibandaho. Ahanini, abashoramari b’inararibonye, ​​kugirango bagabanye ingaruka, binjire ku isoko ryimari gusa mugihe cyituze, hanyuma utegereze kwiyongera kugaragara mubikorwa no guhindagurika, kuko hariho intera nini ihindagurika ryibiciro. Kuri ubu, aya mayeri niyo yukuri kandi yunguka mubindi byose.
Kandi, ntitugomba kwibagirwa ko ihindagurika rifite leta nyinshi, kandi ukibanda kuri byo, ugomba kubara ibikorwa byawe byose mbere kugirango udatakaza imari yawe yashowe. Dore bimwe muri ibi bihugu:

1. Ihindagurika rito . Iki kimenyetso gishobora kutubwira ko isoko ituzuyemo ibicuruzwa kandi iringaniye rwose, ni ukuvuga mugihe runaka igiciro ntigomba guhinduka. Ariko ibi ni birebire mugihe ingano yubucuruzi ikomeza kuba imwe. Ni ukuvuga, niba igihe icyo ari cyo cyose habaye impinduka zitunguranye mu mubare w’abaguzi cyangwa abaguzi ku isoko, icyo gihe igiciro kigomba kuzamuka cyane.
2. Ihindagurika ryinshi . Niba umushoramari abonye ko ku isoko hari ihindagurika ryinshi, noneho ibi birashobora kwerekana ko nta mpamvu yo kwinjira ku isoko ubu, kubera ko bitazaba bigishoboka kugura ikintu cyose ku giciro cyiza. Ugomba kandi kwibuka ko ibi nabyo bifatwa nkigikorwa kibi cyane, kuko muriki gihe ntushobora kubona ikintu gusa, ahubwo ushobora no gucuruza umutuku.
3. Kugabanya ihindagurika . Niba ihindagurika ryamanutse, noneho ibi birasa neza nkaho ihindagurika rito rishobora kubwira umushoramari ko igiciro kizamuka gusa mugihe cya vuba kandi ko aricyo gihe cyiza cyo kwinjira mumigabane no kuvunja kugirango dushakishe imitungo itandukanye nimpapuro. .
4. Kwiyongera guhindagurika . Uyu mwanya wo guhindagurika urashobora kubwira umushoramari ko aya ari amahirwe akomeye yo kwinjira ku isoko no kugura ibintu byunguka kuri we, nyamara, uko amahirwe yo gufungura imyanya yiyongera, ibyago byo gutakaza nabyo biriyongera.

Kubara ihindagurika

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwihindagurika ku isoko ryimigabane:

1. Byamenyekanye cyangwa amateka . Iki gitekerezo cyerekana gutandukana kw’igiciro uhereye ku kigereranyo cyagereranijwe mu gihe cyo kwishyuza mbere. Ugomba kandi kumenya ko akenshi guhindagurika bipimwa nkijanisha.
2. Biteganijwe . Ihindagurika ryerekana ihindagurika ryibiciro ejo hazaza umucuruzi ategereje mugihe cya vuba. Ni ukuvuga, bifatwa nkigiciro cyo guhanura. Ugomba kandi kumenya ko mubihe byinshi ihindagurika ryateganijwe ridahuye nukuri. Ibi ni ukubera ko bidashoboka gusa guhanura neza ejo hazaza igihe cyose.

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Mubusanzwe, abashoramari b’inararibonye barabara bakurikije imbonerahamwe yamaze gukorwa n’umuntu mbere, kandi amakuru yakuwe mubintu byose byerekanwa. https://marketchameleon.com/volReports/VolatilityRankings – uburyo bwo gutanga amanota yo kubara ihindagurika:
Bumwe mu buryo buzwi cyane bwo kubara ubwigenge bwigenga ni ugukoresha urupapuro muri Excel. Ibi birashobora gukorwa ukoresheje imikorere isanzwe yo gutandukana. Kugirango ukore ibarwa neza, ugomba gukora ukurikije gahunda yashizweho mbere:

1. Kugirango utangire kubara ihindagurika, ugomba gufungura progaramu ya Excel, iri kuri mudasobwa hafi ya zose.
2. Kuramo amakuru yose aboneka kuri porogaramu, hanyuma ushyiremo formula yifuzwa yo kubara ihindagurika ninjiza.
3. Shaka ibisubizo wifuza mugushushanyo rusange.

Urugero rwo kubara ihindagurika ryamateka ya Gazprom muri gahunda ya Excel iratanzwe.