Utyalo-mali lwahluke njani ekurhwebeni kwaye yintoni onokuyikhetha ngokuxhomekeke kwinjongo?

I-speculator ngokuchasene nomtyalo-mali onengqiqo, okanye umrhwebi uhluke njani kumtyalo-mali wexesha elide? Umthathi-nxaxheba we-novice kwimarike yemasheya ujongene notyalo-mali kunye nendlela yokucinga. Umahluko phakathi kwabo awubonakali, nto leyo eyenza kubonakale ngathi unokutsiba isifundo somcimbi, okuyimpazamo enkulu. Oku kusisiseko semarike yemasheya okufuneka uyiqonde ukuze ugweme imibuzo emitsha, iimpazamo ezinzulu kunye nokulahlekelwa yimali. Ke yintoni umahluko phakathi kokurhweba notyalo-mali – masiqale ngezinto ezisisiseko.

Indlela eqikelelwayo yomthengisi

Indlela eqikelelwayo isetyenziswe ngabahwebi abenza imali ekuguquguqukeni kweemarike zexesha elifutshane, bebone imeko efanelekileyo, benze isivumelwano esivela kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kunyaka omnye. Umrhwebi ongena kwizivumelwano zesibini usebenzisa indlela ye-scalping, unqumla ngokoqobo inzuzo encinci kwimiqulu emikhulu ye-asethi. Umntu osebenza ngokurhweba ngeyure ubizwa ngokuba ngumrhwebi we-intraday, ngokuqinisekileyo akadluliseli ukuthengiselana ngosuku olulandelayo. Iintengiselwano ezinoluhlu lweentsuku ezininzi zibizwa ngokuba yi-swing trading, intengiselwano enjalo inokuhlehliswa iinyanga, kodwa ukuya kuthi ga kunyaka.
Ukurhweba akulula, kuba kufuna ingqalelo rhoqo kunye nokugxila. Ukuba kwikhompyuter kuyadinisa, ukongezelela, izinto ezingokwengqondo zikhokelela kwimpilo enkenenkene. Ngezi zizathu, iintengiso kunye neenethiwekhi zentlalo ezikhalisa ixilongo malunga nemali elula bubuxoki obungenasiseko sokwenyani. Akukho zibonakaliso, izikhombisi kunye nezinye izixhobo ziya kukunceda ufumane imali elula. Indlela yokucinga ayiyi kuhambelana nomntu wonke, iya kufuna iimbilini zetsimbi, ukukwazi ukuzilawula ngexesha elinzima kunye nentloko epholileyo kuwo wonke umsebenzi. Ukongezelela, kufuneka ufunde zonke izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zohlalutyo lobugcisa, isixhobo esiphambili somthengisi, kunye nezibonakaliso zobugcisa, abancedisi ekuhlalutyweni kwempahla yangoku.
Emva koko, ungaqala ukwenza imali kwi-stock market, nangona ayiyi kuhlala isebenza, iimpazamo kwi-stock market yinto eqhelekileyo kunye nenxalenye yesenzo somthengisi. Umsebenzi usekelwe kuhlalutyo oludinayo lwemarike, ngetshathi yexabiso le-asethi. Ebona imeko efanelekileyo, umrhwebi wenza isivumelwano.
Iitshathi ezinjalo kumsebenzi womthengisi ziqhelekileyo [/ i-caption] Ukuxela kwangaphambili ukuhamba kwexabiso, umthengisi ubhekisela kwiipatheni zezibalo zokutshintsha kwamaxabiso kunye neendlela zemathematika. Ukwenza oku, okokuqala ujonga itshathi kwaye ufunde ukuba ixabiso litshintshile njani ngexesha elithile. Ukuba ufunda itshati ixesha elide, uya kuqaphela ukuba ixabiso lihamba ngokwemithetho ethile – iipatheni. Ziyakhiwa ngenxa yokuba isihlwele sinokhetho olufanayo kunye nemikhwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuba lixesha. Abanye abarhwebi ngokubanzi bayayihoxisa iindaba kwaye bajonge kuphela kwitshathi, kodwa kukho abo bagxininisa kwiindaba kunye neziganeko zokusebenza, kodwa banomdla wokupapashwa kweengxelo zemali zenkampani kungekhona kwixesha elide, kodwa kwixesha elifutshane.
Ubomi bomrhwebi- ayinguye wonke umntu oyilungeleyo le nto [/ caption]

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ngaphambi kokuba umrhwebi enze zonke iintengiselwano ngezandla zakhe kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo lo msebenzi wawuthathwa njengento enzima kakhulu. Ngoku imeko iyatshintsha, kuba ukurhweba ngesandla kutshintshwa ngokurhweba ngomatshini – ukurhweba nge-
algorithmic. Le yimeko xa ukuthengiselana kwi-stock exchange kwenziwa ngamarobhothi, kodwa umntu uqala ukudweba inkqubo yakhe yokurhweba, ngokubhekiselele apho uya kubhala umcebisi wokurhweba.

Kukho into yomntu apha, kodwa umatshini onjalo ugcina ixesha lomthengisi. Izibalo ziyamangalisa: kwi-New York Stock Exchange, malunga neepesenti ze-95 zazo zonke iintengiselwano eziqikelelwayo zenziwe ngamarobhothi, oko kukuthi, namhlanje ukurhweba yimfazwe yeerobhothi. Okokuqala, ukurhweba kuthetha ukurhweba kwimarike yokutshintshiselana ngekamva, oko kukuthi, kwimarike yeeforts. Oku kunokuba yimarike ye-derivatives ye-Moscow Exchange, apho ikamva kunye neenketho zithengiswa khona, okanye imarike yangaphandle. Ukongeza, ukurhweba kubandakanya umsebenzi kwimarike ye-forex. Kukho iinkampani ezinobuqhophololo apha, kukho iinkampani ezinelayisensi evela kwiBhanki yaseRashiya okanye iilayisensi zangaphandle. Ezi nkampani zinembeko ngakumbi, kodwa zinezibalo ezilusizi zabarhwebi kwixesha elide. Oku kungenxa yentengiso enganyanisekanga kunye nokutsala abantu ukuba barhwebe abafuna ngokwengqondo ukutyalomali.
Ukurhweba kuneenzuzo ezininzi ezingenakuphikiswa: okokuqala, imali yabarhwebi ayikhenkceziswe ixesha elide, kwaye okwesibini, ungafumana imali ngokuguquguquka kweemarike kwaye ungaphulukana nemali kwezi nguquko, unokufumana zombini ekukhuleni nasekuweni. , okungenakuthethwa malunga nendlela yotyalo-mali .

Igalelo lotyalo-mali kwixesha elizayo

Utyalo-mali luchasene ne-polar yorhwebo. Ukuba umrhwebi ufumana umbulelo ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwexesha elifutshane, ke abatyali-mali abahoyi ingqalelo kwezi nguqu. Injongo yabo yimibono yehlabathi kunye nombono wexesha elide. Ayinamsebenzi kumtyali-mali ukuba ixabiso lesabelo
lehle ngeepesenti ezingama-20 namhlanje okanye linyuke ngepesenti ezingama-30 ngomso.

Ukuba umrhwebi uxhomekeke kwimathematika yezibalo ezinokwenzeka, ngoko umsebenzi womtyalo-mali kukuqhuba iqoqo elinobuchule kunye nohlalutyo lolwazi kwaye wenze isigqibo esifanelekileyo ixesha elide.

Indlela abatyalo-mali bahlalutya ngayo ulwazi: xa bekhetha isitokisi sokuthenga, bajonga ukuba leliphi ilizwe elithengiswayo, yintoni imeko yotyalo-mali apho, imeko yezopolitiko, imeko yezoqoqosho, ngoko bakhetha imboni abafuna ukuthenga kuyo, bajonge indlela ethembisa ngayo, nokuba iyancipha, kukho imali kunye namandla ophuhliso apho. Kuphela ke bakhetha inkampani ethile, bahlalutye ukusebenza kwemodeli yeshishini layo, baqwalasele izikhombisi-mali, iingxelo, izilinganiso, zama ukuqonda ukuba i-stock quotes yesabelo ihambelana njani nexabiso layo langempela. Abatyali-mali bazama ukukhetha iinkampani ezingaxatyiswanga, ezingabizi kakhulu ngokulindelekileyo ukuba ngoku imarike ayikaqondi ixabiso lale nkampani, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, iikowuti ziya kuphakama. Ingqiqo yomtyali-mali kukuba ishishini lilungile, liyasebenza, liyathembisa, ke ngokukhawuleza okanye kamva iikowuti zenkampani ziya kubamba, kwaye umtyalo-mali uyazi ukulinda. Xa besenza izigqibo, abatyali-mali bakhokelwa luhlalutyo olusisiseko, kodwa uhlalutyo lobugcisa aluqhelekanga kubo. Umtyalo-mali ujonga itshathi ukukhetha indawo yokungena efanelekileyo.

Uhlalutyo olusisiseko yinkqubo enzima echitha ixesha, kodwa namhlanje kuye kwaba lula ukubulela kwinkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe. Ngoku akukho mfuneko yokuzoba imigca kunye nezalathi ngokwakho. Kuhlalutyo olusisiseko, akuyimfuneko ukubala ngokuzimeleyo zonke ii-coefficients – kukho iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo, i-stock screamers eyenza kube lula kumtyalo-mali ukuba akhethe isixhobo sotyalo-mali.

Ziziphi iingenelo zotyalo-mali?

Inyaniso yokuba, okokuqala, oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukonga ixesha xa kuthelekiswa norhwebo – kwaye utyalo-mali lusenokungabi ngowona msebenzi uphambili, kodwa into yokuzonwabisa ngexesha lakho lokuphumla. Utyalo-mali lukwanalo nokungalungi: okokuqala, imali ifakwe ekhenkceni ixesha elide, inkunzi ayihambi. Utyalo-mali yinkqubo enzima. Akufanele ugcine ixesha lokuphucula ulwazi lwakho, kufuneka ubukele ixesha elide kwaye ukwazi ukusinda ekuweni kweemarike kunye nokuwa kwemali yakho. Kufuneka kwakhona ukuba ungayeki kwinkampani enye, kodwa wenze ipotifoliyo epheleleyo eya kuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zomntu kunye neemfuno.

Utyalo-mali ngokuchasene norhwebo – umahluko phakathi komtyali-zimali kunye nomrhwebi ucacile

Umtyali-mali	Umhlalutyi – umrhwebi
Ukukhetha i-asethi, usebenzisa uhlalutyo olusisiseko, kunye nohlalutyo lobugcisa.	Usebenzisa uhlalutyo lobugcisa xa ukhetha i-asethi, ngamanye amaxesha ukongeza ngesiseko.
Utyalo-mali oluyimpumelelo, uchitha iiyure ezininzi ngosuku	Ngenzuzo, uchitha usuku lonke lokusebenza
Ixesha lotyalo-mali ukusuka kunyaka om-1	Umrhwebi wenza ukuthengiselana ukusuka kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kunyaka omnye
Inzuzo kwisixa se-8-15% ngonyaka ukusuka kwidiphozithi yokuqala ithathwa njengesiphumo esihle	Inzuzo ayizinzanga, ilahleko kunye nokonakala okupheleleyo kuhlala kwenzeka. Kodwa ngokurhweba okulungileyo, umrhwebi ufumana i-40-100% ngonyaka ukusuka kwidiphozithi yokuqala.

Inqaku ligxininisa iingongoma eziqhelekileyo malunga nomsebenzi omnye, kodwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Umrhwebi kunye nomtyalo-mali balungile ngokulinganayo, ngamnye ulandela injongo yakhe. Bobabini kufuneka bafunde kwaye baziphucule ukuze lonke urhwebo kunye nohlalutyo ngalunye lube neziqhamo. Imivuzo yomtyali-mali kunye nomrhwebi iyahluka, ngenxa yexesha labo. Sinokuthi inzuzo enhle yomthengisi yi-30%, kodwa oku akunjalo, le yingeniso efanelekileyo, kwaye ingaphezulu komyinge wemarike. Ukuba umrhwebi akalahlekanga, ngoko sele efumene, njengoko bethetha kwiingqungquthela zobuchwephesha.Umtyalo-mali unokuthobeka kwaye ulindele ukufumana i-10-15% ngonyaka kwaye abaninzi baya kuneliseka.
Umendo womthengisi kunye nomtyalo-mali [/ i-caption] Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokufikelela kuxhomekeke kumntu, iinjongo zakhe, umlingiswa kunye nobuchule. Akuyena wonke umntu oya kukwazi ukungena eluswini lwebhere kwaye abe yibhere, kuba umrhwebi, indawo yokugcina impahla ibalulekile, le nxalenye yomsebenzi ophumelelayo. Kulula kubatyali-mali ngenxa yendlela yokulinda kwaye ubone, ungafumana ilahleko kwaye ulinde inzuzo iminyaka. Umsebenzi ngokuqinisekileyo unomtsalane kwaye awuyi kuba mkhulu, wonke umntu ufuna ibhokisi yemali ngemini yemvula, kwaye utyalo-mali lukuvumela ukuba wenze ibhokisi emnyama enobuchule, kunye nengeniso eyongezelelweyo.