Maitiro ekuve programmer kubva pakatanga: mirairo, makosi, nguva yekutanga uye zvakakosha here

Chinyorwa chichakurukura maitiro ekuva programmer kubva mukutanga pamazera akasiyana. Inotaurira hunhu hupi hunofanirwa kuve nenyanzvi mune ino ndima, chii chinoda kuitwa kuti uve mumwe.
Ndezvedzidzo uye kugona kushanda pasina iyo. Zvishandiso zvinozoda hunyanzvi zvinotsanangurwa. Inotaurira nezvezera iro zviri nani kutanga kudzidza basa, sei uye kupi kwekuwana basa semugadziri wepurogiramu, nezvimwe zvakawanda. Chirongwa chinonakidza uye chinodiwa chiitiko munguva yedu. Munhu anosarudza kunyura mairi anofanira kunge ari pa “iwe” ane teknolojia uye usatya matambudziko. Kudzidza basa iri hakusi nyore uye kureba, asi nechishuwo, unogona kuwana zvakawanda munguva pfupi. Zvakaipa zvebasa racho:

1. basa rekugara . A programmer anogona kushanda zuva rese munzvimbo imwechete pakombuta. Izvi zvinokonzeresa matambudziko ne musculoskeletal system uye kuona.
2. Kuenderera mberi kwekudzidza . Innovation haina kumira. Zvitsva zvitsva zvinoonekwa mazuva ese, vanogadzira mapurogiramu vanofanirwa kuziva zvese zvine chekuita nebasa ravo.

Sei kuva programmer

Wese munhu anofunga nezvebasa iri anofanira kuzviona ari mariri. Ngatitii aive shasha pasainzi chaiyo kuchikoro, anogona kusarudza basa riri pedyo kwaanogona kuratidza kugona kwake zvirinani. Semuenzaniso, kuve nyanzvi yemasvomhu, kana kudzidza sainzi yekombuta, nezvimwe. Kana munhu ari padanho rekusarudza, anofanirwa kufunga nezvemubvunzo mumwe chete: “Ndinoda kuve mugadziri wepurogiramu, kana kuti ndinoda imwe indasitiri yakafanana kwandinogona kuva nyanzvi yakanaka?” Kana nzvimbo iyi ichikwezva, hapana nzvimbo yekupokana.

Ndiani akakodzera basa iri

Programming inonyanya kufarirwa nevanhu vanofarira matekinoroji emazuva ano. Ivo zvakare vanofanirwa kuve nehunyanzvi savvy (asi pane zvisizvo). Zvinotarisirwa kukudziridza pfungwa, kutsungirira, kufunga kusinganzwisisiki, kudzidza ruzivo rutsva pamusoro petekinoroji.

Ndeupi hunhu hunofanirwa kuve nemugadziri wepurogiramu?

Vagadziri vanogara vachidyidzana nevanhu vakasiyana siyana. Kambani yevagadziri vepurogiramu ichagara ichifara kuva nemushandi akatendeseka, anoshamwaridzana uye akavhurika. Waanoshanda naye akadaro anoda kubvuma kubatsira uye kusangana pakati. Mugadziri akanaka anofanira kunge aine hunhu uhwu:

• Kugona kuisa pamberi nemazvo, kusarudza rimwe basa rinovimbisa uye kuverenga nguva yekuitwa kwayo;
• Iva wakagadzirira kushanda muchikwata (zvakanyanya kuoma kune introverts);
• Kunyatso shanda nemabasa, ita kuti iwedzere uye ugoipwanya kuita zvikamu zvakawanda;
• Simbisa pane chimwe chinangwa, usatsauswe nezvidiki (zvikasadaro unogona kurasika mukodhi);
• Usanyara kubvunza uye kujekesa pfungwa dzisinganzwisisiki – kubva kune vaunoshanda navo, mutengi, nyanzvi yakajairika;
• Gara uchivandudza mumunda wako uye dzidzira kakawanda sezvinobvira;
• Bvuma kukanganisa, edza kuita nenzira dzakasiyana, uwane mhedzisiro.

Maitiro ekuve programmer kubva pakutanga – tanga izvozvi!

Chinhu chekutanga munhu wechipiri wese anosarudza kuzviedza muindasitiri iyi kuzvibvunza kuti: “Ungave sei programmer kubva kutanga?” Izvo zvakakosha kuti usarudze kuti ndeipi nyanzvi yemugadziri inonyatsokodzera iye. Izvo zvinoenderana nezvaanoda kuita: kugadzira mawebhusaiti, kunyora makodhi emitambo, zvichingodaro. Ipapo iwe unofanirwa kusarudza mutauro wechirongwa, dzidza uye edza kugona basa mukuita.

Nzira dzakakurumbira mumunda webudiriro

Nzvimbo dzinonyanya kufarirwa dzechirongwa nhasi ndeidzi:

1. Kugadzirwa kwezvirongwa zvebhizimisi . Bhizinesi rega rega rinoda automation. Muindasitiri iyi, zvirongwa zvekambani 1C zvinowanzo shandiswa.
2. Web Development . Mhando yebasa inoenderana nezvinodiwa nemutengi. Inogona kunge iri sevha yekambani, webhusaiti yepamhepo chitoro, bhurogi remunhu ane mukurumbira. Kunyanya PHP, JavaScript uye Python zvinoshandiswa.
3. Kugadzira nharembozha . Kana nyanzvi ichiziva nzira yekugadzira mapurogiramu emafoni efoni, anogona kuwana nyore basa rinobhadharwa zvakanaka. Anokwanisa zvakare kunyora kodhi yemanyorerwo ekunyorera uye nekuashambadza paGooglePlay kana AppStor.

Nenzira, imwe
yeakanakisa JavaScript tutorials , muchiRussia.

Kupi kwekuwana dzidzo yepurogiramu uye izvo zvinotora kuti uve mugadziri – hunhu hwemunhu, mari nemikana

MuRussia Federation kune mayunivhesiti mazhinji uye zvikoro zvehunyanzvi zvinodzidzisa vanogadzira mapurogiramu. Masangano nemayunivhesiti eMoscow:

• Moscow State University . Mutengo: 220 zviuru rubles / gore. Nguva: 4-6 makore https://sev.msu.ru/kafedra-programmirovaniya/.

  

• Moscow Polytechnic University . Mutengo: 89 zviuru rubles / gore. Temu 4-6 makore.
• Moscow Institute of Physics uye Technology . Mutengo: 250 zviuru rubles / gore. Nguva: 4-6 makore.

Zvikoro zvehunyanzvi uye makoreji eguta guru:

• Capital Business College . Mutengo: 93 zviuru rubles / gore. Nguva: 2 makore ne9 mwedzi.
• College MGUPI . Mutengo ndeye 90 zviuru rubles / gore. Nguva: 2 makore ne6 mwedzi.
• Moscow instrument-kugadzira technical chikoro . Inodhura 99 zviuru rubles / gore Term: 2 makore nemwedzi gumi.

Ndezvipi zvidzidzo zvaunoda kutora pakubvumidzwa kuti uve programmer

Kuti udzidze semugadziri wepurogiramu, munyoreri anofanira kupasa bvunzo muRussia, masvomhu, fizikisi uye sainzi yekombuta. Pakati pezvidzidzo zviviri zvekupedzisira, unofanirwa kuita sarudzo, zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hweramangwana. Chidzidzo chekuwedzera – Chirungu. Asi mune mamwe masangano edzidzo, bvunzo yakadaro haidiwi.

Zvinoita here kuita programmer pasina dzidzo

Kuti uve mugadziri, hazvifanirwe kuve nediploma yedzidzo. Nekudaro, pasina iyo, zvichave zvakaoma kune nyanzvi yevatsva kuwana basa rakanaka. Mukuwedzera, iwe uchafanirwa kudzidza nesimba zvakadaro. Iwe uchafanirwa kugadzirira kuomerwa, kuve munhu akatsiga uye akatsiga. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuva nechido uye kugadzirira basa rinobereka zvibereko iwe pachako.

Programming makosi – kudzidza kubva kutanga kumba

Nhasi kune zvakawanda zvavo, zvose mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo uye pane network. Makosi kazhinji haasi emahara, asi varongi vanozokwanisa kupa mudzidzi chirongwa chekudzidzisa chinoshanda. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti ugadzirire chirongwa munguva pfupi. Kazhinji mabasa akadaro anoitwa pamwe chete. Makosi akanakira kukubatsira kurongeka uye kutarisa pane chimwe chinangwa. Pachave nechidzidzo chezvinyorwa zve theoretical, izvo vangango gadzira vanozoisa mukuita nekukurumidza, vachitungamirwa nemudzidzisi. Rimwe basa rinopihwa imba, mushure mekupedza izvo, munhu achakwanisa kubvunza mubvunzo kune curator. Tinokurudzira kosi dzinotevera dzevatangi vekutanga vanoda kugona basa:
HTML Academy .
codecademy .
“PHP Basics paCode Basics”
Yandex Workshop .
freecodecamp .

Chidzidzo chinotungamirwa nemudzidzisi

Rudzi urwu rwekudzidziswa rwakanaka nekuti unogona kusaina seti yezvidzidzo zvega nemudzidzisi. Izvi zvinodawo mari yekudyara, asi mhedzisiro ichave yakanyanya kushanda. Mushure mezvose, mutungamiri achabata nemudzidzi mumwe chete, achipa nguva yakawanda kwaari. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nzira yekudzidza ichaenda nekukurumidza. Ichi chiitiko chinowanzoitika paInternet uye muhupenyu chaihwo. Mudzidzisi anogadzira chirongwa chega chega chewadhi yega yega, zvichibva pane zvaanogona nezvaasingakwanisi. Mudzidzisi anogona kusaina kune anotanga, kana programmer ane ruzivo anoda kuvandudza ruzivo rwavo.

Kudzidza kwakazvimirira kwezvinhu

Pane yechitatu sarudzo yekudzidzira – iwe pachako. Ndiyo zvakare inodhura zvakanyanya uye yakareba. Asi munhu anofanira kugadzira purogiramu pachake, kugadzirira zvinhu zvekudzidzisa uye kurongedza uye kugadzirira ruzivo rwakadzama rwenyika yepurogiramu. Kutanga unofanira kusarudza mutauro. Ose anogona kudzidzwa pasina kutsigirwa nemudzidzisi. Pane mavhidhiyo akawanda akasiyana uye zvinyorwa paInternet izvo zvichabatsira mugadziri weramangwana.

Zvishandiso zvekudzidzisa zvekugona basa remugadziri kubva 10-20 makore uye kune vakura vanogadzira.

Iwe unofanirwa kudzidza kubva mumabhuku akanaka chete. Izvo zvinodikanwa kushandisa encyclopedias mufizikisi uye masvomhu. Kune vadiki, unogona kutora mari dzevana senge Avanta +.

Zvidzidzo zvese zviri zviviri zvinoumba hwaro pachavakirwa kudzidza kwese. Zvakakoshawo kutenga mabhuku akareruka ekuronga. “Python yevana” naJason Briggs ichaita.
Kuti uenderere mberi, unogona kushandisa bhuku “Python: Great Programming muMinecraft” naAndrey Koryagin. Bhuku racho rine chinongedzo nemasvomhu, rine ruzivo rwakakosha nezve 3D marongero, mabasa nezvimwe. Inobatsira mukudzidza kwemarobhoti.
Kukudziridza hunyanzvi mukuronga kana mechanics, zvinokurudzirwa kuterera kune “Kuedza kwepanyama uye kuedza neLego” – Koryagin A.
Kune vadiki vagadziri vari kungodzidza izvo zvekutanga, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uzvizive iwe neLego WeDo Dzidzo Robotics. Notibhuku inosanganisirwa nebhuku racho.
Sezvo wagona zvinhu zviri nyore, unogona kuenderera kune zvakanyanya kuoma, muC ++. Semuenzaniso, bhuku revadzidzi raHerbert Schildt rakakodzera.
Zvinokurudzirwa zvakare kuti uteerere kwete kubhuku reDelphi naNikita Kultin:
Kuti ukwanise kugadzira makodhi emitambo, zvakakosha kushanda neC # zvichibva paKubatana, naJ. Manning.
Ko mugadziri anoda kuziva masvomhu: https://youtu.be/_2beqwXS9Os

2 nzira dzehunyanzvi semugadziri wewebhu – kumberi kwekupedzisira VS kumashure kumagumo

Vagadziri vepurogiramu vanogadzira saiti vakakamurwa kuita 2 mikuru “fronts”: “frontend” uye “backend”. Nyanzvi dzinofunga kubatanidza ramangwana ravo nekuvandudzwa kwewebhu dzinofanirwa kusarudza kuti ndeupi rudzi rwechiitiko ichi chavanoda. Izvi hazvirevi kuti munhu mumwe chete haakwanisi kushanda mumashure uye mberi panguva imwe chete. Mushure mezvose, iwe uchiri kuda kutanga pane imwe nzvimbo, uye neruzivo unogona kusanganisa idzi nzira. Kuti usarudze hunyanzvi, iwe unofanirwa kuzvijaira iwe nehunhu uye nehunyanzvi hwezvose zviri zviviri.

Misiyano mikuru

Iyo yekumberi-yekupedzisira nyanzvi inotarisira divi resaiti iyo inowanikwa uye inoonekwa kune muenzi. Anogadzira dhizaini yedhizaini, inogadzira mashandiro ayo anozove akasununguka kushandisa. Mugadziri weiyi mbiri anoedza kuita kuti saiti ifambe zvakanaka uye kwete kukanganisa zvinoonekwa pamidziyo nemabhurawuza. Kuti ushande kumberi, mugadziri wepurogiramu anofanira kudzidza izvo zvekutanga, zvinoti: HTML, CSS, SASS, JavaScript. Chiitiko chemugadziri weshure nderimwe divi remari imwe chete. Iye ane basa rekugadzira matekinoroji asingaoneki kumushandisi. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, nyanzvi inoita kuti ese iwo ma tabo, mabhatani uye zvimwe zvinoshanda zvinhu zvishande. Anotanga mundima yebackend anofanirawo kuva neruzivo rwakati: dzidza 1 kana mitauro yakawanda yepurogiramu, kukwanisa kushandisa shanduro yekutonga system, kunzwisisa dhatabhesi uye kujairana neJSON: API.
frontend-i-backend[/caption]

Typical Mabasa

Frontend vanobatanidzwa mu:

1. Nekugadzira mainterface uye marongero, kumberi kunogona kugadzira sosi yechitoro chepamhepo. Rondedzero yemabasa ake inosanganisira kugadzirwa kwemabhuku enhau.
2. SPA kuvandudza. Kana iyo bhangi ikakumbira kuita application, ichange iine machati nemadhayagiramu, mabasa ekuchengetedza ekuchengetedza, karukureta, data remari, nezvimwe.

Backend vari kushanda pa:

1. Kugadzirwa kweCRUD. Kana mushandisi anonyoresa pane sevha uye account yake yagadzirwa, kumashure kunofanirwa kunyora kodhi yega. Nayo, unogona kuchengetedza chero shanduko, kudzima iyo mbiri kana kuidzosera.
2. Kugadzirisa ruzivo rwakashanda nemberi. Iyi data inofanirwa kuchengetwa uye kurongeka. Iyo nyanzvi inobata nekugoverwa kweruzivo mudhatabhesi, inobata cache, nezvimwe.
3. Tsvakurudzo yezvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Anofanira kugadzira application nemazvo. Semuenzaniso, kana kamwe kamwe chimwe chinhu chikatadza pane imwe nhanho, izvi hazvifanirwe kukanganisa iyo algorithm yese.

Ndinoda kuva mugadziri – chii chandinofanira kusarudza?

Frontend yakakodzera kune avo:

• anoda kutanga kushanda uye kuwana mari mumunda weIT munguva pfupi;
• anofarira kushanda nekuona kwesaiti, achishandisa nzira yekugadzira;
• haagoni kutsungirira nguva refu asati aona zvibereko zvenhamburiko dzake.

Iyo backend ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo kune vanhu:

• neruzivo rwehunyanzvi;
• vasingade kuita marongerwo;
• vanoda kukwira manera ebasa uye kukura kusvika pachinzvimbo chemukuru.

Ndeupi mutauro wekuronga unofanirwa kusarudzwa neanovice mu2022?

Kutanga iwe unofanirwa kusarudza imwe yemitauro yakapfava yekuronga. Kunyangwe kune avo vanozoita gurus mumunda wavo, hazvikurudzirwe kutanga nekudzidza mitauro yakaoma seC ++. Kune vazhinji vanotanga, iri richava basa rakakura uye ivo vanopunzika, vachirasikirwa nekufarira kwese kurongwa. Ndeupi mutauro wekuronga wekusarudza muna 2022: Zvakakodzera kutanga neizvi:

Scratch

Scratch ndeimwe yeakareruka kudzidza. Nerubatsiro rwayo, vana vanounzwa kumapurogiramu. Izvo hazvifanirwe kuyeuka nekunyora makodhi panguva yekutanga. Zvose zvinovaka mitauro zvinogona kudhonzwa negonzo. Pano iwe unogona kuronga makadhi emifananidzo, mitambo, mafirimu, mharidzo. Semuenzaniso, heino vhidhiyo yekugadzira mutambo wakapfava wekurangarira: https://youtu.be/yUWl37QKLzw

1C

1C – programming muchiRussia, iyo inorerutsa zvikuru basa. Iyo purojekiti yakagadzirirwa kuita otomatiki basa rehupfumi uye resangano rechero bhizinesi. Vatangi vekutanga vanoronga kugona chirongwa che1C vanorairwa kuti vatarise vhidhiyo, iyo inotsanangura zvinonakidza mapoinzi uye chokwadi mukushanda nayo: https://youtu.be/MN9cam6yWKw

JavaScript

Zvinotora anotanga maawa mashoma kudzidza izvo zvekutanga uye kunyora kodhi yeanimation, nharembozha yakareruka, kana mutambo uri nyore. Nenzira, mushandisi achakwanisa kuiedza mune chero browser. Ngatiedzei kugadzira mutambo wekutanga: https://youtu.be/Av53VJI-UiE

Python

Python – unogona kuverenga kodhi pasina kushanda nesimba, kunyanya kana iwe uchiziva izvo zvekutanga zveHTML. Iyo purojekiti yakagadzirwa kuti ifambise mabasa emugadziri. Uchishandisa mutauro uyu, unogona kuita mutambo weNyoka, gadzira wega mubatsiri wezwi kana Telegraph bot, uye zvimwe zvakawanda. Pane mazano akawanda evatangi vekutanga ayo vhidhiyo iyi inofanirwa kukurudzira: https://youtu.be/VRYxdyWJ3_U PHP – nekuda kwemutauro uyu, uchakwanisa kugadzirira nekubudirira hurongwa hwewebhu. Iyo yakanyatso kuenderana nekugadzira console zvinyorwa, mawebhusaiti uye maapplication, kubva nyore kusvika kune super-yakaoma. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti utarise vhidhiyo pfupi yekugadzira dura uye chimiro chechitoro chepamhepo: https://youtu.be/FxrWRHCMOT8 Mitauro ine mukurumbira programming ya2022:

Izvo mugadziri wemangwana anoda kudzidza

Pamusoro pemutauro wepurogiramu, zvakakosha kuziva zvakanaka:

• masvomhu;
• statistics;
• English language;
• logic
• physics;
• informatics.

Kugara uchidzidzira

Izvo zvinodikanwa kuronga chimwe chinhu zuva rega rega, kutanga nekuvandudza kuri nyore uye kuenderera mberi nezvimwe zvakaomarara. Pakutanga, mugadziri wenovice anonyora zvakashata makodhi. Paanotanga kunzwisisa izvi, anoedza kuvandudza purogiramu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti anokwira kumusoro. Izvi zvinoitika nguva dzose, uye nguva dzose mugadziri anoedza kuvandudza zvisikwa zvake. Kana ukasadzidzira, dzidziso yacho yose pakupedzisira ichakanganwika.

Vagadziri vepurogiramu vanoshanda kupi

Vagadziri vanodiwa pese pane zvikumbiro, zvirongwa, shanda nemapuratifomu epamhepo. Vanoshanda mumahofisi akajairika kana kumba, kana zviremera zvisina basa. MuRussian Federation, maitiro ekutama kwevagadziri vepurogiramu kuti vashande kunze kwenyika kwave kuoneka. Mune dzimwe nyika, muhoro wenyanzvi yepamusoro-soro inodarika yemuno nekanenge ka2-3.

Kutsvaga basa

Pasinei nemukurumbira, mubhadharo wakanyanya uye kushomeka kukuru kwevashandi, haasi makambani ese ari kukurumidza kuonana nevanotanga mapurogiramu. Mushure mezvose, vashandirwi vazhinji vanoda nyanzvi dzisingadi kudzidziswa chero chinhu. Asi haugoni kukanda mapfumo pasi. Iwe unofanirwa kufonera kushambadza, enda kune yekugamuchira mabhizinesi, uchipa masevhisi avo. Asi kutanga unofanira kugadzirira:

1. Nyora rondedzero . Chero sangano rinozviremekedza richada gwaro iri kubva kune angave mushandi. Inofanira kunge iine: ruzivo rwezvedzidzo uye ruzivo rwebasa (kana rwuripo), tsananguro yehunyanzvi uye hunhu, vanhu vanobatika, ruzivo rwemitauro uye zvese zvingangouya zvine mutsindo.
2. Batanidza diploma . Nedzidzo, vashandirwi vanonyanya kuda kutora programmers pachinzvimbo.
3. Gwaro reruzivo rwebasa . Inobatawo mikana mikuru. Unogona kuitora kubva kubasa rekare.
4. Gadzirira portfolio . Zvichave nyore kuona nhanho yehunyanzvi hwemumiriri wevacancy. Eichar achakwanisa kuona basa uye kunzwisisa kana munhu achikwanisa kuita mabasa akadaro.

Hurukuro Hunhu

Hapana basa rakakodzera kutya uye kunetseka. Naizvozvo, kana uchienda kubvunzurudzo, haufanirwe kunetseka. Zviri nani kuti uedze kuzvikwevera iwe pamwe chete uye uzvigadzirire iwe kuitira kuti haasi iye anozoshandira anotora nyanzvi, asi iye pachake anosarudza kana achida chinzvimbo chakadaro. Unofanira kutaura pamusoro pesimba rako.
Hurukuro haisi bvunzo, asi mukana wekuzviratidza nemazvo. Izvo zvinodikanwa kubvunza angangove mukuru webasa nezvemamiriro ekushanda, tarisiro yekukura kwekambani, mikana yebasa, nezvimwe. Ipapo achaona munhu anozvivimba pamberi pake. Uye mabhizinesi ese anoda vashandi vakadaro.

Internship yemugadziri wepurogiramu

Apo mugadziri akatorwa panguva yekuedzwa, ichi hachisi chikonzero chekunetseka kuti pakupera kwayo, mukuru acharamba kubatirana. Pane zvinopesana, iwe unofanirwa kuratidza hunyanzvi hwako kubva padivi rakanakisa uye ramba uchidzidza zvinhu zvitsva. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, internship itsika, nguva yaunoda kumirira usati wanyorera zviri pamutemo basa.

Ndeapi matambudziko anosangana nevagadziri vevatsva?

Chiitiko chemugadziri chinonakidza uye chisina kujairika. Asi, sebasa ripi neripi, kune “pitfalls” pano zvakare. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti uzvizive iwe nematambudziko akajairika akamirira vanotanga:

1. Kushanda nekodhi yemumwe munhu . Nyanzvi hadziwanzo nyora zvirongwa zvavo kubva pakutanga. Dzimwe nguva vanofanirwa kutarisana nekupedzwa kwehurongwa hwemumwe mugadziri. Mushandi wega wega ane nhanho yavo yeruzivo uye hunyanzvi. Dambudziko riri pakuti dzimwe nguva kodhi inogona kuunganidzwa neakawedzera kuvandudza, kana kuti asina kuverenga. Chero zvazvingava, kunzwisisa kusikwa kweumwe munhu hakusi nyore, kunyanya kune vanotanga.
2. Kushanda muMahombe uye Akaoma Systems . Sezvineiwo, ese masisitimu ari mumasoftware masisitimu anofanirwa kuvepo akaparadzana uye akwanise kuchinjana mameseji nemumwe. Muchokwadi, izvi hazviitiki. Complexes ine zviuru zvinoverengeka mitsara yekodhi. Kuti vazvinzwisise, vazhinji vanogadzira mapurogiramu vanotsanangura zvakanyorwa kwemwedzi yakawanda.

Nzira yekudzivirira sei matambudziko mubasa remugadziri

Kubudirira kwemumwe munhu kunonzi Legacy-code. Kuti ubudirire kuisunungura, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uzviparadzanise zvachose kubva pazviri. Zviri nani kugadzira yako subsystem uye kunyora kodhi iwe pachako, nguva nenguva uchitarisa basa rako nevamwe. Ipapo pachava nekuvhiringidzika kushoma uye iwe uchakwanisa kukurumidza kubata nekukanganisa kweumwe waunoshanda naye.

Pazera ripi zviri nani kudzidza purogiramu – zvinokwanisika here kuva mugadziri wemakore 20-30-40-50?

Hapana zvirambidzo zvezera zvakajeka. Asi zvinokurudzirwa kutanga kudzidza pazera remakore 12-13. Ino ndiyo nguva iyo mwana anenge asina kunyanya kuwandisa nezvidzidzo uye anenge atowedzera kushingaira. Zvakakodzera kudzidza chimwe chinhu chiri nyore kutanga – kugadzira turtle, kana kutanga kugadzira machati ekuyerera muScratch. Kudzidza kwakaoma uye kwakadzama kunogona kutanga gare gare, neanenge makore 15-20 (nenguva dzose kudzidziswa). Sevanhu vakuru, hazvina kumbonyanyononoka kudzidza. Kana pane kukurudzira uye kushingaira, saka iwe unogona kuita purogiramu mukurega basa. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuwana zvinhu zvakanaka zvekudzidza uye kudzidzira nguva dzose. Iwo macode anozowanikwa anonyatso kupinza mu portfolio. Izvi zvichava kuwedzera kukuru mune ramangwana. Zera rakakosha here muIT, zvakakosha here kuverenga mabhuku, zvekuitira vadzidzi – Hurukuro naA. Byndyu: https://youtu.be/jI-cZRFpbkk

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti uve programmer

Mubvunzo ndewemunhu oga. Chero zvazvingava, nzira yacho inotora makore akawanda. Muchiitiko chakanakisa, zvinogoneka kugona chirongwa chinodiwa mumakore 3-4. Asi unofanira kuisa simba rakawanda. Ruzhinji rwevagadziri vepurogiramu dzepamusoro vanotora makore angangoita 8-10 kuti vagone basa iri rakaomarara zvakanaka.

Nzira yekuve nyanzvi inotsvakwa mune iyi ndima

A programmer ibasa rine mukurumbira. Iye zvino zviri nyore kuziva unyanzvi hwose hunodiwa kupfuura, semuenzaniso, makore 5-7 apfuura. Zvese zvekushandisa uye makosi ari munharaunda yeruzhinji. Kuti uve mugadziri akanaka, unoda:

• kudzidza ruzivo rutsva pamusoro pezvinoitika;
• nguva dzose kukudziridza unyanzvi hwavo;
• kuchinjana ruzivo nevamwe vanogadzira mapurogiramu;
• edza kushanda nevanovandudza zvakanyanya kuitira kuti pave nemukana wekukura nehunyanzvi.

Kune vanhu vanosarudza kurasikirwa ivo pachavo kwemakore mubasa risingadiwi, pane kurega hupenyu hwakadaro kamwe chete uye kuita zvavanoda. Usatya kuedza uye kuzviedza iwe munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Kana iwe uchida programming, saka zviri nani kuvandudza hobby iyi kusvika yatanga kuunza mari. Maitiro ekuve programmer kubva kutanga mumazuva 187, nyaya chaiyo – vhidhiyo yekudzidzisa: https://youtu.be/PyVT8G1QEg0

Mazano evatangi vekutanga kubva kune vane mukurumbira programmers

Vanofanira kudzidza kubva kuna ani, kana kwete kubva kunyanzvi dzehunyanzvi hwavo? Chete nyanzvi dzine makore mazhinji eruzivo dzinogona kuudza maamateurs uye novice programmers izvo zvakakosha kufunga paunenge uchidzidza uye uchishanda semugadziri. Zvekutarisisa nezvausingaite. Zvinokurudzirwa kufunga mazano mashanu kubva kune vanozivikanwa programmers vakaita mupiro mukuru mukusimudzirwa kwenzvimbo iyi.
Brendan Eich ndiye mugadziri weJavaScript. Mune imwe yebvunzurudzo yake, anokurudzira vaanoshanda navo kuti vasaramba vachifunga nezvekukanganisa, asi iva nechokwadi chekuteerera kwavari uye edza kunzwisisa chikonzero nei. Anotopa zano rekushandisa imwe yemitauro yekuronga:
Uye saka
James Goslinginotsanangura kukosha kwekukwanisa kuita sarudzo yakanaka. Mugadziri wepurogiramu anoti anodemba nguva yaakarasikirwa nayo paakaipambadzira pabasa risina chinhu kana kuti risingabereki. Iwe unofanirwa kuisa pamberi nemazvo.
Kunyora kodhi yeimwe chirongwa inhanho yakakomba. Vagadziri vazhinji vanonangidzira kuedza kwavo kune mhedzisiro yenguva refu, kuitira kuti kusikwa kwavo kushande kweanenge makore gumi. Mamwe macode anotove tsigiro yekubatsira kune nhamba huru yevagadziri. John Carmack akagovera izvi mubvunzurudzo yake
.
Joel Goldberg
anodavira kuti pasinei nokuti pfungwa yacho yakanaka sei, inofanira kuva yakapfava sezvinobvira. Kana zvichibvira, mugadziri anokurudzira kurerutsa chirongwa chebudiriro. Mushure mezvose, zvingangoita kuti imwe nyanzvi inoda kuishandisa (kana kuti inofanira kuzviita), asi haizokwanisi kuverenga kodhi.
Uye pakupedzisira, zano guru kubva kuna
Linus Torvalds :
Hazvina mhosva kuti munhu anoita sei, kana kuti muhoro wake chii. Haakwanisi kubudirira mubasa risingadiwi. Uye kana izvi zvikaitika, haazokwanisi kunakidzwa nekukunda kwake zvizere. Vazhinji vagadziri vane mukurumbira vakawana kukwirira kwakadaro muindasitiri yavo nekuti vakagara vachifunga hurongwa sechikamu chehupenyu hwavo.