Chii chinonzi Open Source, mapurojekiti, mienzaniso yeakavhurika sosi software

Open Source isoftware inogoverwa pasi perezinesi rinoenderana neyakavhurika sosi zviyero. Nheyo yekuvhurika inovhara kwete chete chiyero chekuvandudza software. Semuenzaniso, vagadziri vanopa mukana wemahara matemplate uye mafonti. Mune dzimwe nyika, masangano ehurumende ari kufamba kuti avhure software software. MuGermany, guta reMunich rakasarudza kuchinjira kuLiMux inoshanda sisitimu, inova yakagadziridzwa vhezheni yeUbuntu. MuHamburg, vakuru vakuru vakasarudza kushandisa iyo Phoenix office suite panzvimbo yeMicrosoft Office. Hurumende yeUK yasiya kushandisa magwaro ePDF kuita ODF. MuFrance, iyo gendarmerie inoshandisa iyo Ubuntu OS uye yemahara LibreOffice.

Zvinodiwa zve open source software

Hezvino izvo zvinonyanya kudiwa izvo chikumbiro chakagoverwa pasi peOpen Source rezinesi chinofanira kusangana:

• zvirongwa zvinogoverwa pasina muripo;
• Iyo software inouya nekodhi kodhi, kana isiri mune yekutanga package, saka inogona kutorwa zvakasununguka kana kuwanikwa neimwe nzira;
• iyo kodhi inogona kugadziridzwa uye zvikamu zvekodhi zvinogona kushandiswa mune mamwe mapurojekiti, nepo zvakagadziridzwa zvikumbiro zvinofanirwa kugoverwa pasi pemitemo yeOpen Source rezinesi;
• kusarura kwemapoka evanhu chero ipi zvayo haabvumirwi, semuenzaniso, muU.SA kune zvirambidzo zvekutengesa kunze kwezvirongwa, asi rezinesi remahara harigone kumisikidza zvirambidzo zvaro;
• iyo Open Source rezenisi inobvumira nzira dzese dzekushandisa maapplication, saka iyo yekuvandudza hunhu hwemunhu haukanganise kugovera, semuenzaniso, zvinhu zvakaita se: “zvinorambidzwa kushandisa genetic research” hazvigamuchirwi;
• mitemo yese ine chekuita neOpen Source rezenisi yakafanana kune vese vashandisi, zvimwe zvibvumirano zvakaita sezvibvumirano zvekusaburitsa pachena zvinorambidzwa;
• rezinesi haigone kusungirirwa kuchirongwa, mugadziri anoshandisa chikamu chekodhi chete ane kodzero dzakapihwa nechigadzirwa chakazara;
• mushandisi anogona kusarudza zvaachashandisa, semuenzaniso, zvinorambidzwa kuda kuti software yakapihwa neOpen Source ive yakavhurika.

Open Source mapurojekiti – chii chaakasarudzika

Zvizhinji zvekushandisa zvakagoverwa pasi peOpen Source rezinesi zvine misiyano inotevera:

• mapurogiramu akanyorwa neavo vanoashandisa, saka, vagadziri vanotarisa kodhi, nekukurumidza kugadzirisa zvikanganiso uye zvakawanikwa zvisingakwanisi;
• zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvinoenderana neakawanda masisitimu anoshanda;
• nharaunda yeOpen Source vagadziri yakavhurika kutaurirana nevashandisi vanogona kuita mazano;
• Kazhinji yemahara software inogadziridza inobuda kakawanda kupfuura yekutengeserana, saka tsikidzi dzinogadziriswa nekukurumidza;
• vashandisi, kana zvichidikanwa, vanogona kutsigira application yavanoda nemari;
• njodzi yekutapukira komputa kana smartphone paunenge uchiisa Open Source chirongwa ishoma, sezvo ivo vachiuya nekodhi kodhi.

Nhoroondo Yemahara Software

Richard Stallman anoonekwa semuvambi weyemahara software kufamba. Paaishanda muArtificial Intelligence Laboratory paMassachusetts Institute of Technology, akabatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwesoftware yemahara. Semuenzaniso, mukunyora iyo EMACS text editor yemakomputa ePDP. Muna 1984, Stallman akasiya basa rake kuMIT ndokutanga chirongwa cheGNU. Vanofarira vakagadzira izwi rekuti “yemahara software” uye vakagadzira iyo GNU manifesto. Zvino ngatitaure nezve anonyanya kufarirwa.

1. Rezinesi reMIT rakagadzirwa kune imwe yeanotungamira masangano edzidzo muUnited States – Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Inenge yakanyatso kuenderana neiyo matatu-clause vhezheni yerezinesi reBSD, inongowedzera chirevo chimwe chete chinorambidza kushandiswa kwezita remunyori mukushambadzira. Pasi payo yakabuda: XFree86, Expat, PuTTY uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa.
2. Rezinesi reBSD rakatanga kuoneka mukutanga 1980s kugovera sisitimu yekushandisa yezita rimwechete. Pane zvinosiyana zvinotevera rezinesi:
   • Chekutanga BSD rezinesi ndiyo yekutanga rezinesi rezinesi, inonzi zvakare mana-clause.
   • Modified BSD rezenisi irezinesi rezvikamu zvitatu, haisanganisi chikamu chimwe chete, chinoda kushambadza kuratidza kuti iyi application inoshandisa software yakagadziridzwa kuYunivhesiti yeCalifornia.
   • Rezinesi reIntel iro rakagadzirirwa maapplication akachengetedzwa patent. Izvo hazvitsigirwe neOpen Source Initiative.
3. Iyo GNU General Public License ndiro rezinesi rine mukurumbira. Akaonekwa muna 1988. Muna 1991, shanduro yakavandudzwa yeGPL v2 yakaonekwa, iyo isati yarasikirwa nekukosha kwayo kusvikira nhasi. Muna 2006, rezinesi reGPL v2 rakagamuchirwa.
4. GNU Lesser General Public License, kana kuti GNU LGPL kwenguva pfupi, yakagadzirwa kuti ibatanidze maraibhurari nesoftware yakagoverwa pasi pemamwe marezinesi.
5. Rezinesi reApache rinokutendera kuti ugadzirise uye ugoverezve software mune zvese sosi uye binary. Mukuwedzera kune kodzero dzechigadzirwa, kuendeswa kwemvumo kunopiwawo.
6. Kunyengedza kwakafanana neGNU GPL, asi inowedzera chirevo chinobvumira yakavhurika sosi software kuti ibatanidzwe neisina-yemahara software, saka haigone kunzi yakaomesesa copyleft, asi inofambirana neGNU GPL zvakadaro.
7. Iyo Common Public License yakagadziriswa neIBM kune zvavanoita. Inokubvumira kuti uchinje kodhi uye uishandise muzvirongwa zvekutengesa. Rezinesi iri raishandiswa neMicrosoft kuWindows Installer XML.
8. Iyo Mozilla Public License (MPL) irezinesi rakaomarara risingateveri kukopa kwakasimba.
9. The Sun Publi c License yakafanana neMPL, asi pane shanduko diki, seSun Microsystems pachinzvimbo cheNetscape.

Kune zvakare mamwe marezinesi asina kujairika akadai seGuile, Common Public License, Mozilla Public License, nemamwe. https://youtu.be/oAW5Dh9q3PM

Mienzaniso yemapurojekiti akavhurika

Iko kuvandudzwa kweLinux kernel uye GNU zvikumbiro zvakave hwaro hwemamwe maOpen Source application. Kusvika kweNetscape kunofarira makambani makuru eIT. Kubva ipapo, zvinhu zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvakagadzirwa. Kutanga tinotaura nezveDebian, iyo kubva 1994 kusvika 1995 yakatsigira Free Software Foundation, uye gare gare sangano risingabatsiri reSoftware muPublic Interest rakagadzirwa, iro rakaramba richibhadhara chirongwa. Sechikamu chechirongwa ichi, kwete chete sisitimu yekushandisa yakagadzirwa, asiwo LibreOffice hofisi suite, Firefox browser, Evolution email mutengi, iyo K3b CD inopisa application, VCL vhidhiyo inoridza, iyo GIMP mufananidzo mupepeti, uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Iyo isiri-purofiti kambani Apache Software Foundation yakatanga seOpen Source chirongwa chaitsigira software. Chigadzirwa chinonyanya kufarirwa chesangano iri iwebhu server yezita rimwechete. Ikozvino kambani inochengetedza nhamba huru yemapurojekiti akagoverwa pasi perezinesi reApache. Vatsigiri veASF vanosanganisira Microsoft, Amazon uye Huawei. Imwe kambani inobatanidzwa mumapurojekiti eOpen Source ndeyeRed Hat. Iko kusimudzira kukuru kweiyo inoshanda sisitimu paLinux kernel. Ari kuita kwete chete mune software, asiwo mukutsigira kwehunyanzvi uye kudzidziswa kwenyanzvi. Muna 2018, yakawanikwa neIBM. Google inogadzirawo software yemahara. Anogadzira uye anochengetedza mapurojekiti anotevera: raibhurari yeTensorFlow yekugadzira masisitimu ekudzidza emuchina, mutauro weGo, chirongwa cheKubernetes chakagadzirirwa kuita otomatiki kutumira software, uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Musainzi, Open Source haingorevi software chete, asiwo nekuburitswa kwemabasa, kuongorora nekutsigira zviwanikwa zvedzidzo. Muna 1991, Paul Ginsparg akaronga arXiv electronic archive kuLos Alamos Laboratory, umo munhu anogona kuwana mabasa kwete mufizikisi chete, asiwo mumishonga, masvomhu, uye mamwe sainzi. CERN zvakare ine portal ine akavhurika mapepa esainzi.
Open Source anoshanda masisitimu – yakavhurika sosi yekushandisa masisitimu [/ Caption]

Maitiro ekupinda sei muOpen Source project

Kana iwe uchida kudzidzira hurongwa uye kuwedzera yako tangazve, saka kutora chikamu mukugadzirwa kweOpen Source chigadzirwa ndizvo chaizvo zvaunoda. Tichakuudza nhanho nhanho izvo zvinodiwa kune izvi. Chekutanga pane zvese, iwe unofanirwa kunyoresa paGitHub uye sarudza chirongwa chauchatora chikamu. Zvinofanira kukufadza. Zvakanaka, kana ichava nemabasa akawanda aunogona kuita. Iwe unofanirwawo kuterera kune mukurumbira weprojekiti, inogona kutariswa nehuwandu hwenyeredzi. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuona kuti budiriro inoshanda sei uye kana shanduko yekupedzisira yakaitwa. Mushure mekusarudza purojekiti inonakidza, iwe unofanirwa kutsvaga muchengeti uye kutanga kudyidzana naye. Nhanho inotevera ndeyekusarudza basa. Kutanga, zvinokurudzirwa kusarudza basa rakanyanya nyore. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuti iwe unogona kuzvigadzirisa. Mushure meizvozvo, endesa iyo purojekiti kwauri uye isa ese maturusi anodiwa. Mushure mekunge magadzirisa dambudziko, ita mazano ekuchinja kodhi mune repository. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kuisa kodhi yako kuGitHub uye tinya bhatani re “Dhonza chikumbiro”. Mushure meizvozvo, iwe unozofanirwa kuisa zita rechikumbiro chako uye tsananguro. Mushure meizvozvo, unofanirwa kumirira kuti muchengeti agamuchire kana kuramba shanduko dzakarongwa. Kana mushure mokunge matanga basa racho, zvimwe zvinhu zvekukurumidzira zvakaonekwa, kana kuti wakaona kuti haugone kuzviita, unogona kusiya basa racho. Izvi zvakajairika, asi iwe unofanirwa kuzivisa vachengeti nezvesarudzo yako. Mushure meizvozvo, iwe unozofanirwa kuisa zita rechikumbiro chako uye tsananguro. Mushure meizvozvo, unofanirwa kumirira kuti muchengeti agamuchire kana kuramba shanduko dzakarongwa. Kana mushure mokunge matanga basa racho, zvimwe zvinhu zvekukurumidzira zvakaonekwa, kana kuti wakaona kuti haugone kuzviita, unogona kusiya basa racho. Izvi zvakajairika, asi iwe unofanirwa kuzivisa vachengeti nezvesarudzo yako. Mushure meizvozvo, iwe unozofanirwa kuisa zita rechikumbiro chako uye tsananguro. Mushure meizvozvo, unofanirwa kumirira kuti muchengeti agamuchire kana kuramba shanduko dzakarongwa. Kana mushure mokunge matanga basa racho, zvimwe zvinhu zvekukurumidzira zvakaonekwa, kana kuti wakaona kuti haugone kuzviita, unogona kusiya basa racho. Izvi zvakajairika, asi iwe unofanirwa kuzivisa vachengeti nezvesarudzo yako.

Kushandisa Open Source mukuvandudza marobhoti ekutengesa

Chipangamazano wekutengesa kana
robhoti chirongwa chinoita kutengeserana pamusika wemasheya zvinoenderana neyakafanotemerwa algorithm. Ivo vanogona kutengesa vese vakazvimiririra zvizere uye mune semi-otomatiki modhi. Muchiitiko chechipiri, vanongotumira zviratidzo zvekutengeserana uye mutengesi anoita sarudzo yekupedzisira. Isu tinonyora zvakanakira kutengesa marobhoti:

1. Mutengesi haafaniri kutarisa mitengo pachake.
2. Nyanzvi Advisors inoshanda zvakasimba maererano nealgorithm yakapihwa, ivo havana manzwiro.
3. Marobhoti anoita nekukurumidza kupfuura vanhu.

Asi kunze kwemabhenefiti, otomatiki chipangamazano anewo zvakaipira:

• mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kukwana, somuenzaniso, nekusvetuka kwakapinza muzinga, mupi wezano anogona kuita zvisina kukwana, uye mutengesi acharasikirwa nemari;
• Vamwe vanachipangamazano vane hunyanzvi vanoda kuti ubhadhare muripo wepamwedzi kuti uvashandise.

Tevere, funga akati wandei Open Source yekutengesa vapangamazano. Ivo vanogona kutorwa kubva kuGitHub saiti, yakaiswa uye inoshandiswa kutengesa. Iwe unogona zvakare kuvandudza iyo kodhi kodhi uye kugadzira robhoti iwe pachako.

GEKKO bot

Uyu ndiye akapupurirwa Nyanzvi Advisor akaonekwa makore mazhinji apfuura. Vatengesi vakawanda vakatanga kutengeserana nerobhoti iri. Parizvino haisisiri kutsigirwa nevagadziri, asi inowanikwa yemahara kurodha kubva kuGitHub. Inogona kushandiswa pane crypto exchanges, inogona kuunganidza ruzivo rwemusika uye kuisa maodha. GEKKO bot ine akawanda marongero aunogona kuyedza algorithm yekutengesa, pamwe nekugadzirisa uye kukwidziridza sisitimu yekuita madhiri. Iine seti yezvirongwa zvakagadzirirwa-zvakagadzirirwa zvinogona kugadziriswa. Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kugadzira yako wega yekutengesa system. Inotsigira 23 kuchinjana, kusanganisira: Bitfinex, EXMO, Bittrex, Bitstamp.

Zenbot

Iyo Zenbot cryptocurrency yekutengesa chipangamazano inoshandisa hungwaru hwekunyepedzera kutengesa. Zvinokwanisika kuigadzirisa maererano nezvido zvako. Inoenderana neakawanda masisitimu anoshanda. Inogona kuita ma-high-frequency transactions, kutengesa zvinhu zvakati wandei panguva imwe chete. Mukuwedzera, iyi bot inogona kuwana mari pa cryptocurrency arbitrage. Asi haina graphical mushandisi interface. Inokwanisa kutengesa pane zvinotevera kuchinjana: Bittrex, Quadria, GDAX, Pollniex uye Gemini.

OsEngine

OsEngine ndeye sutu yemasheya ekutengesa maapplication. Zvinosanganisira:

• Data – inoshandiswa kurodha data renhoroondo kubva kwakasiyana siyana.
• Optimizer – inoshandiswa kuyedza zano rimwe chete.
• Tester – kuyedza akati wandei ekutengesa algorithms, asi pasina kushandura ma parameter. Inogona kushanda panguva imwe chete pane akati wandei nguva uye zviridzwa.
• Miner – anotarisa maitiro anobatsira pane chati. Mafomu akawanikwa anogona kushandiswa mukutengesa chaiko.
• Mutengesi – module yekutengesa.

OsEngine inoshandisa anopfuura makumi matatu akavakirwa-mukati ekutengeserana masisitimu, pakati pawo pane mafambiro (semuenzaniso, maitiro eBill Williams kana Jesse Livermore), countertrend (semuenzaniso, kushandisa ballast mitsara,
Bollinger ) uye arbitrage. Inogona kushandiswa pane dzimwe nyika exchanges (kubatanidzwa iripo LMAX, InteractivBrokers uye ninja kutengeserana), pa
MOEX (Transac,
Quik , Most Ast, Plaza 2, SmartCom) uye cryptocurrency exchanges (Bitstamp, Bitfinex, Kraken, LiveCoin, ExMo, Binance, ZB , Bitmex, BitMax). Zvakare inoenderana neimwe Oanda forex exchange. Kune mamwe akakurumbira Open Source ekutengesa mazano, semuenzaniso, TradingBot, yekutengesa paMoscow Exchange kuburikidza neAtentis broker kana iri nyore TradingBot robhoti.