Moscow Exchange blue chips: index, uluhlu 2024, dynamics

Ukuze uqonde ukuba zeziphi
iitshiphusi eziluhlaza , kwaye ngakumbi ezo zikhoyo kwi-MICEX, kuyafuneka ukuba uqwalasele ngokuqhubekayo yonke into enxulumene nale ngcamango. Iitshiphu eziluhlaza ze-Moscow Exchange – eli ligama elinikwe izabelo zeenkampani zaseRashiya eziye zabonisa inqanaba eliphezulu le-liquidity kunye nekhredithi ezinzileyo kwaye ifakwe kuluhlu lwe-MOEX.

Inika umdla! Intengiso ithiywe ngombala wepoker chips ezisetyenziselwa ukubeka olona bhejo lukhulu.

Uthini umahluko phakathi kweetshiphusi eziluhlaza kunye nezinye izibambiso

Ukuze wenze inzuzo, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi imilinganiselo ephambili phakathi kwezabelo zeenkampani ezinkulu ezivela kwezinye izibambiso. Ngaphambi kokuthenga iitshiphusi eziluhlaza kwiMoscow Exchange, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufunde ngeempawu zabo. Kukho iingongoma eziphambili ezi-3:

1. I-capitalisation enkulu – inani lazo zonke izabelo zenkampani ezigqwesileyo, ziphindaphindwe ngexabiso lazo. Le nto imisela ixabiso lemarike yenkampani. Ukusebenzisa umzekelo weGazprom, umntu unokubona ukuba ngezabelo ze-23.5 yezigidigidi ezijikelezayo, ixabiso ngalinye liyi-ruble engama-226 ubuncinane, okwenza kube lula ukubala kwiimpawu ezintle zengeniso kwixesha elizayo (idatha ye-01/10/2022) . I-capitalisation, ngokulandelelanayo, kwinkampani iyonke malunga ne-5 yezigidigidi zee-ruble.
2. Ubumanzi . Iitshiphusi eziluhlaza zezona zibonakalayo kwaye zibalulekileyo (ezinomdla kwaye zithembekileyo) izibambiso. Ngenxa yokuzinza kwabo, banomdla omkhulu kubarhwebi kunye nabatyali-mali. Yiyo loo nto kukho umthamo omkhulu worhwebo kwizibambiso ezinjalo.
3. Izahlulo – abanini bee-blue chip securities banokulindela iintlawulo ezizinzileyo. Oku kubangelwa ukuba iinkampani ziye zazibonakalisa kwiimarike, njengoko ziye zahlala kwimarike ixesha elide (ngokomyinge, ixabiso limalunga neminyaka engama-20 okanye ngaphezulu).

Ukusukela ekupheleni kuka-2022, amanani amakhulu ee-blue chips aqala kwi-RUB 500 yebhiliyoni. Abameli abaphezulu babonisa ixabiso lee-ruble ezininzi zeetriliyoni, ezibonisa amandla aphezulu okhuseleko. Ukuba sithelekisa ii-chips eziluhlaza zeMoscow Exchange kunye nezabelo zeenkampani ezibandakanyiweyo kwinqanaba lesibini, sinokubona ukuba amashishini aphakathi abonisa izikhombisi ze-capitalisation kwizinga eliphakathi, elilingana nomyinge we-ruble ye-150 yebhiliyoni. Igrafu ibonisa indlela isalathisi samashishini amakhulu elizwe atshintsha ngayo:
https://articles.opexflow.com/stocks/golubye-fishki-rossijskogo-fondovogo-rynka.htm

Iinkampani zangaphandle: umzekelo wokuba ngumnini-zabelo ophumeleleyo

Kwakhona, ukuze uthelekise, kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo amaxabiso eenkampani ezithathwa
njengeeblue chips e-US.. Ukuze ufaneleke njengenkampani ye-blue-chip, imali enkulu kufuneka idlule i-10 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Amashishini amancinci anokuba ngamatshiphu aluhlaza. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka uhambisane neyona meko iphambili – ukuba ube yiflegi kwicandelo layo lomsebenzi. Ukusebenza kwezabelo ezizinzileyo kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwenkampani. Kuphuhlisa ngokusebenzayo kwaye kuvelise ingeniso, ethi, emva koko, ikuvumela ukuba unyuse amaxabiso entlawulo okanye ungawaphazamisi kubaninizabelo abakhoyo okanye abatsha. Yingakho ixabiso lee-chips eziluhlaza kwiimeko ezininzi lizimisele ngokuthathela ingqalelo izikhombisi zokuzinza kwentlawulo yemali eyongezelelweyo yengeniso kubanini-zabelo.
Ukwenziwa koonobumba abakhulu beetshiphusi eziluhlaza – iinkampani zeRussian Federation [/ caption] Uninzi lwezabelo eziveziweyo zeetshiphusi eziblue zizabelo zezabelo. Eli ligama leenkampani ezenza iintlawulo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, zinyuse. Ubude bemisebenzi enjalo lude – ukusuka kwi-25 iminyaka. Ukongeza, kukho iikhrayitheriya ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngaphambi kokukhetha izabelo zokuthenga, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usasaze utyalo-mali kwiindawo ezilinganayo phakathi kweenkampani ezininzi ezikhokelayo. Iitshiphusi eziluhlaza zezo nkampani ezinobukho kwisalathiso. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-
S&P 500.. Kwimibutho ekhokelayo, ixabiso le-capitalisation libekwe ngaphantsi kwe-3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Uvavanyo kwakhona luthathela ingqalelo umthamo worhwebo ophakathi – ubuncinane i-5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Idatha inikwe amashishini ase-USA. Uluhlu lwee-dividend aristocrats (ingakumbi amashishini aziwayo) alandelwa ziingcali. Phakathi kwamashishini anesimo esifanayo, umntu unokubona amagama adumileyo ehlabathini: iCoca-Cola, iColgate-Palmolive okanye ibrendi engekho ngaphantsi kwegama elidumileyo ehlabathini – uJohnson & Johnson.
Iitshiphusi eziluhlaza zase-US [/ caption] Ungafumana kwaye uthenge izabelo zetshiphu eziluhlaza kwi-stock exchange yaseMoscow usebenzisa uluhlu olukhethekileyo oludwelisa amagama eenkampani ezinkulu ezisebenza kwimarike. Ukukhangela, kufuneka ubeke isihluzo ngobukhulu benkampani, umzekelo, ukusuka kwi-10 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Izabelo zeMoscow Exchange (MOEX), ngaba kufanelekile ukuthenga: https://youtu.be/JhXZI4R8Nac

Yintoni enye ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa ukhetha amasheya

Ukongeza, umntu onokuba ngumthengi unokumisela inani leenqobo zokugweba, kuquka umhla woluhlu lwenkampani ethile (IPO) okanye imbuyekezo yesahlulo sexesha elithile. Kwimeko yeenkampani zaseRashiya, isalathisi sinikezelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiwebhusayithi ye-MICEX. Yenziwa ngesiseko sokungabikho kwemali. Ngexesha elifanayo, isalathisi esinjalo njenge-coefficient yokuzinza kweentlawulo ze-dividend ayithathelwa ngqalelo. I-capitalization yenkampani nayo ayithathelwa ngqalelo. Yingakho uluhlu alunakubandakanya imibutho enezikhombisi ezingaphezu kwe-500 yeebhiliyoni zeeruble. Ixabiso (ubunzima) beenkampani kwi-blue chip index (ukusukela ekupheleni kuka-2021):

Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zokuba ne-blue chip stocks?

I-Moscow Exchange Blue Chip Index 2022 nayo iqulethe imibutho ehamba phambili, phakathi kwayo iSberbank, iRosneft, kunye neGazprom ibambe phambili. Phambi kokuthenga izabelo okanye ezinye izibambiso, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuqwalaselwe zonke izinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo. Ukuthembeka kuya kuba yinzuzo kumtyalo-mali. Oku kungenxa yokuba umngcipheko wokutshona kwenkampani kuluhlu lweetshiphusi eziluhlaza umncinci. Banezinga eliphezulu letyala, elibavumela ukuba bahlawule ngokulula amatyala asakhulayo. Uluhlu oluhlaziyiweyo lweetshiphusi eziluhlaza zeMoscow Exchange zinikezelwa kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni https://www.moex.com/ru/index/MOEXBC, evumela abatyali-mali ukuba balandelele ukusebenza, kunye nokwenza ngokukhawuleza isigqibo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa. izibambiso. Umzekelo weGazprom ubonisa ukuba i-capitalisation ekupheleni kukaJanuwari 2022 yi-ruble eyi-7 trillion.
I-Capitalization ye-Gazprom ngoJanuwari 2022 [/ i-caption] Uluhlu lwe-blue chip stocks kwi-Moscow Exchange kuya kukunceda ukhethe okukhethwa kukho kumashishini ahlukeneyo kunye namacandelo. Kukwafuneka ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo into yokuba izikhombisi zeendleko zinokutshintsha phantsi kweempembelelo zangaphakathi nangaphandle kwicandelo lezemali. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ukubunjwa kwee-chips eziluhlaza zeMoscow Exchange kuthathela ingqalelo i-dividend stability index. Inika umthengi onokubakho wezabelo ukuqonda ukuba inkampani ihlawula rhoqo njani izabelo kunye nokuba inyusa kangakanani ubungakanani bazo. Isalathisi asikho nje uluhlu oluhlaziywa ngamaxesha ngamaxesha, kodwa isalathisi sembali. Apha kufuneka uqonde ukuba xa uqulunqa ukulinganisa, imingcipheko yokutshintsha kwexesha elizayo kumgaqo-nkqubo wesahlulo esekwe kwaye isetyenziswe yinkampani ayithathelwa ngqalelo. Eyona nto ikhethekileyo yinyani ukuba okukhona isalathiso sezibambiso sisondela kwenye, kokukhona kungcono kumnini wezabelo zenkampani. Isalathisi se-0.3-0.6 sibonisa ukuba kukho iingxaki ngeentlawulo okanye ukunyuka. Iinkampani ezifana neNovatek kunye neLukoil zinezikhombisi ezizinzileyo. Isalathisi sabo sikwindawo ephakamileyo ngokubhekiselele kukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko – 1 kunye ne-0.93, ngokulandelanayo. Izinto ezingeloncedo nazo zifuna ukwaziwa kwaye zithathelwe ingqalelo xa usenza ipotfoliyo yakho yotyalo-mali. Ukungalungi kwee-chips eziluhlaza ziquka ukungazinzi okuphantsi. Ukuba umtyalo-mali ufuna ukufumana imali kumda wezifundo, ngoko uyacetyiswa ukuba akhethe ezinye iindlela, kuba oku akuyi kusebenza kunye ne-blue chip stocks. Enye into engalunganga yinzuzo encinci. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba olu lutyalo-mali lwexesha elide. Ke ngoko, phantse akunakwenzeka ukufumana umvuzo ngexesha elifutshane. Izalathiso zoTshintsho lwaseMoscow zeetshiphusi eziluhlaza zembuyekezo iyonke kwikhonkco https://www.moex.com/en/index/totalreturn/MEBCTR

Utyalomali njani kwiitshiphusi eziluhlaza ngokuchanekileyo kunye nenzuzo ephezulu

Ngaphambi kokutyala imali kweli candelo, kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ukuba into efana nokukhula ngokukhawuleza ayiqhelekanga kwiichips eziluhlaza. Okuncomekayo apha kukuba ukwehla nako akwenzeki ngokungalindelekanga kwaye kungekho sizathu sicacileyo. Ukuthembeka kuqinisekiswa yinyaniso yokuba ishishini elibandakanyiweyo kolu didi lelokuqinisekisiweyo kunye nobungqina obuqinisekisiweyo. Iitshiphusi eziluhlaza zikhula kancinci. Iimpawu zokuqala zenzuzo zinokuqikelelwa kwiminyaka emi-3-5. Ukukhetha ukuthanda kwabo yindlela elungileyo yokukhusela imali ekunyukeni kwamaxabiso. Utshintshiselwano lwaseMoscow lukuvumela ukuba ulandelele iikowuti zeetshiphusi eziluhlaza kwi-intanethi kwikhonkco https://www.moex.com/ru/index/MOEXBC: Iitshiphusi eziBlue zemarike yemasheya yaseRussia youtube.be/XItRNWGcXLE Thenga iitshiphusi eziluhlaza ziyafumaneka kwi-intanethi kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-MICEX. Ukuze uthenge izibambiso, kufuneka uye kwindawo https://www.moex.com/ru/?pge. Ulwazi lwangoku malunga nobume beetshiphusi eziluhlaza ukusukela ngo-01.2022 (eyona nto ingcono ukuyithenga) iyafumaneka nakwiwebhusayithi ye-MICEX. Ezona nkampani zibalaseleyo onokutyala kuzo ngoku zezi:
Unokulandelela uhlalutyo kwiwebhusayithi https://mfd.ru/marketdata/?id=5&mode=1. Kukho ulwazi oluhlaziywa rhoqo ngemizuzu eyi-15. Umzekelo ukusukela ngoJanuwari 2022:
Lonke olu lwazi luya kukuvumela ukuba wenze uhlalutyo olukumgangatho ophezulu, kwaye ugqibezele intengiselwano ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo. Ulwazi lwangoku kwi-MICEX ekupheleni kukaJanuwari 2022 lunjalo ukuba kucetyiswa ukuba utyalomali kwicandelo leoli kunye negesi, kunye nakwiindawo ezinxulumene nombane.
I-Palladium kunye negesi yendalo nazo zisebenza kakuhle.