Ni bangahe abacuruzi binjiza ku isoko ry’imigabane muri Amerika, Uburusiya, ku isi ndetse no gukoresha amafaranga ku kwezi, umwaka, n’ibyo inyungu zishingiye. Mw’isi ya none, hariho inzira nyinshi zo kubona amafaranga byemewe n’amategeko. Urashobora kuzamura ubukungu bwawe uhitamo ubucuruzi kubwibi. Mbere yo gushora imari, birasabwa kwiga witonze ikibazo cyamafaranga umucuruzi yinjiza ku isoko ryimigabane buri kwezi / umwaka. Hano ugomba kuzirikana ko amakuru atagomba gufatwa gusa mugihugu runaka, ahubwo no ku isi muri rusange, noneho urashobora kubona igitekerezo nyacyo cya \ u200b \ u200bpritit ninjiza mumapaji atandukanye.
Imikorere yimirimo iri imbere
Kubatangiye kwiga ingingo yubucuruzi ku isoko ryimigabane, birashimishije kumenya amafaranga umucuruzi yinjiza buri kwezi. Ntibishoboka kuvuga umubare nyawo uhamye hano, kubera ko byinshi biterwa nuko ibintu byifashe mubukungu bwisi ndetse no mugihugu umuntu ashaka gukoreramo. Ugomba kuzirikana amakuru yemewe, raporo yo kwiga mugihe runaka kugirango uhore uhora ugendana nibyabaye.
Dukurikije amakuru aboneka, ingano y’ubucuruzi mu rwego rw’isi ku isoko ry’ivunjisha mu gihe cya 2019-2020 yageze kuri miliyoni zirenga 6.5 z’amadolari.
Ntabwo ari ibanga ko buri mwuga ufite utuntu twihariye, bamwe bita “imitego”. Kumenya ibi bintu bizafasha kubirengaho bityo bikureho amakosa yamakosa. Benshi muribo batondekanya amasomo yumucuruzi akora cyane, yitwa Buy Sell Earn, umwanditsi akaba numwe mubantu batsinze kandi bazwi muri uyu mwuga – Alexander Gerchik. Imwe mungingo ni uko bidashoboka kumenya neza umubare wumucuruzi winjiza kumunsi. Ikintu gisa nacyo kijyanye no kuvuga umuntu kugiti cye cyatoranijwe cyibikorwa byubucuruzi.
Kubantu bashya barimo kuvumbura uburyo bwo gushaka amafaranga yo gucuruza amafaranga, ugomba kwibuka kimwe, ariko icyifuzo cyingenzi – ugomba kwibanda kubahagarariye itsinda neza, ariko ugakora imibare ukurikije ibipimo ngereranyo. Ntibishoboka kandi kwibanda ku bihugu bimwe na bimwe – birakenewe gusuzuma uko ibintu byifashe ndetse n’icyerekezo hitawe ku isi igenda ihinduka, kubera ko byose bifitanye isano.
Iyindi mvugo ukeneye kumenya mugihe uhisemo inzira yumucuruzi nkisoko yinjiza: ntamuntu numwe ushobora kuvuga neza neza uko umucuruzi yinjiza kumwezi. Na none, aya makuru ni umuntu ku giti cye, kubera ko umubare nyawo winjiza biterwa nuburyo, uburyo nubuhanga bukoreshwa nabacuruzi mugikorwa cyakazi. Urashobora gusa kubara hafi impuzandengo yumucuruzi winjiza, kuva muriki gihe urashobora gufata indangagaciro zerekanwa nabantu batandukanye mumyaka myinshi. Nibyiza kureba amakuru mugice cyo hagati cyangwa kwibanda kuri izo ndangagaciro zamafaranga zerekanwa mugihe kimwe nabantu bamaze imyaka 1-2 bakora nkabacuruzi. Urebye ibyo byose, urashobora kwizeza ko utangiye neza n’amahirwe yo gutsinda muburyo bwatoranijwe.
Ibintu by’ingenzi byatsinze
Kwiga ibikoresho byuburyo, kubyo n’amafaranga abacuruzi binjiza bidashobora kuba hejuru. Kuri iki cyiciro, ugomba kumva icyo ibintu byimibereho, ubukungu ndetse numuntu kugiti cye biganisha kumuntu gutsinda. Ku bucuruzi, nkibintu byuzuye byubucuruzi, urashobora rwose kubona amafaranga. Kugirango ugere ku ntera nshya no kuzamuka mu mwuga wawe, ugomba kumenya gushora imari no gucuruza, mugihe wakiriye inyungu nyinshi zishoboka. Umucuruzi agomba kuba afite ibintu byinshi bizamufasha mubikorwa bye:
- Ubushishozi bwateye imbere neza, ntabwo ari ubushishozi, ahubwo ni isesengura, bikorwa mugereranya ibintu bibera mubukungu no mubice byose.
- Ubushobozi bwo gusesengura no kugereranya.
- Icyifuzo ntabwo cyo gukora ibikorwa byinshi kandi neza mubikorwa bitandukanye, ahubwo no guhanura.
- Inararibonye ya broker – ugomba gukora mubucuruzi byibuze umwaka kugirango wumve ibiranga byose.
- Igipimo cyatanzwe.
- Komisiyo z’abandi bantu (muriki gihe, abahuza bazakenera kwishyura).
https://articles.opexflow.com/brokers/kak-vybrat.htm Mbere yo kwinjira mubucuruzi bukomeye, ugomba kwiga amategeko shingiro akora kandi akwemerera kongera igishoro cyawe (kubwiyi ntego, urashobora gukoresha simulator zitangwa nabakozi. ). Nkigisubizo, mumezi yambere, urashobora gusubiza amafaranga yo gutangira ukagera kuri “plus” ifatika.
Ni ngombwa kumenya: mugitangira cyibikorwa byawe, ugomba gukora konti yiswe konte yerekana ikigeragezo (ikoreshwa mugitangira umwuga cyangwa mumahugurwa kubucuruzi) hanyuma ugahitamo ingamba zoroshye kandi zunguka cyane irahari. Ibi bizafasha kumva amahame yambere yubucuruzi. Noneho ugomba kumenyera uko ibintu byifashe kumasoko – kugirango wige ibipimo by “imyitwarire” yifaranga, imigabane na bonds byamasosiyete manini namasosiyete. Noneho ugomba gufungura konti yubucuruzi hanyuma ukishyura kubitsa bwa mbere.
Intangiriro yubucuruzi ibaho hamwe no kubona ubufindo bumwe (niba hari igihombo, ntabwo bizagera kumafaranga cyane). Ni bangahe abacuruzi binjiza, igitekerezo cya stereotypical kijyanye nishoramari, umucuruzi akwiye kuba umukire: https://youtu.be/SSiJvHPhUxY Kwiga nuans yuburyo nuburyo bingana nigihe kingana nigihe abadandaza binjiza amafaranga yabo yambere adashobora gukora batumva icyo ibintu biganisha umuntu ku ntsinzi yubukungu. Urashobora kubona amafaranga mubucuruzi niba wegereye ikibazo hamwe nibitekerezo byinshi. Ni ngombwa kumenya ingingo zikurikira hakiri kare: uburyo bwo gushora imari no guhahirana ninyungu nini zamafaranga, mubyerekezo nibice byiterambere, aho washakira umukoresha. Mubyongeyeho, umuntu wahisemo gucuruza wenyine agomba kuba afite ibintu byinshi biranga imyitwarire nimiterere, bizamufasha mubikorwa bye biri imbere. Ibice nyamukuru rero bizaba:
- Ubushobozi bwo gusesengura no kugereranya amakuru aboneka hamwe nibibera kurubuga kurubu. Ibi bireba ibintu byose bifitanye isano nubucuruzi. Birasabwa gushyira hano uko ibintu byifashe muri politiki y’ububanyi n’amahanga n’imbere mu gihugu, kubera ko igira uruhare mu kuzamuka cyangwa kugabanuka kw’ibiciro by’agaciro, imigabane n’ibindi bice bikubiye muri cyamunara.
- Icyifuzo cyo gucuruza neza gusa kandi byinshi, ariko no gukora ibizaba neza.
Umucuruzi wihaye intego yo kugera ku ntsinzi, kuba umuyobozi cyangwa gusubiramo inzira yabantu babaye abaherwe, agomba kumva ko inshingano ye nyamukuru muri uru rubanza izaba ari ubushobozi bwo kubona vuba ibyo bakunze kwita ibihe bisubirwamo. Ugomba kandi kuba ushobora gusobanukirwa na psychologiya yumuntu kugirango wirinde uburiganya bwabakozi cyangwa abanywanyi. Ugomba guhora witoza gukora iteganyagihe mugihe gikwiye. Mbere ya byose, igomba kwerekezwa kumiterere yamasoko. Intangiriro yurugendo, ibi birashobora gukorwa nta shoramari ryamafaranga, kugirango udashya kandi ntujye mumutuku.
Kwinjiza biterwa niki?
Guhitamo icyerekezo cyibikorwa biterwa n’amafaranga abacuruzi bo mu Burusiya, isi cyangwa Amerika binjiza. Ibintu bikurikira bigira ingaruka ku bipimo byinjira:
- Ishoramari ryambere ryamafaranga.
- Igishoro cyubwenge – ubumenyi nubuhanga, icyifuzo cyo kwiteza imbere.
- Ingamba zakazi zatoranijwe zikoreshwa mukongera amafaranga yinjira.
- Ese igishoro cyatijwe mumiryango yo hanze ikoreshwa, kurugero, inguzanyo y’amafaranga (niba hari inguzanyo, noneho igice cyinyungu kizajya kuyishyura).
- Amasoko yatoranijwe yo gucuruza.
Kuruhande rwakoreshejwe, ugomba guhita ushiramo imisoro gusa, ariko na komisiyo – umushahara kuri broker. Mugihe winjiye mumasoko yisi yose, bizashoboka kuzigama bike, kuko bizwi ko bamwe mubashoramari batishyuza ibicuruzwa bitarimo imigabane gusa, ahubwo n’amafaranga acuruza amadovize akorera mubihugu nka Amerika na Kanada. Kubindi bikorwa, harimo n’amahanga, komisiyo ni $ 5. Komisiyo zirakenewe kugirango inzobere zishobore guhitamo amayeri meza yo gufungura no gufunga ibicuruzwa, biga uko ibintu bimeze kumasoko. Amategeko y’abacuruzi batsinze yerekana ko ari ngombwa guhora dutezimbere ubuhanga bwo gusesengura. Niba ushobora gusubiza byihuse impinduka zikomeje kumasoko yimari, urashobora kubona inyungu nini. Kugirango wongere inyungu, ugomba guhugura kwibanda. Ni ngombwa gushobora guhangana n’ibibazo bitesha umutwe kugirango usubize utuje impinduka zose. Birasabwa kandi guhugura ukuri muriwe, kuko ukeneye kuba ushobora kwandika, kwandika no kubika ibisubizo byose byubucuruzi. Igihe kirenze, kugirango wongere inyungu, ugomba kugerageza ingamba zitandukanye kandi ugakomeza kuritsinzi. Ni nkenerwa kumva ko abacuruzi bita ijanisha runaka ryamafaranga yabikijwe nkinjiza. Kugirango wongere inyungu, ugomba gutegura gahunda ukayubahiriza. Ntitugomba kwibagirwa ko kugirango wongere amafaranga, ugomba guhora wuzuza ubumenyi bwawe mubijyanye nubucuruzi. Amakuru azaba ingenzi kandi ashimishije kubantu bose bashaka kwisuzuma muri iki cyerekezo: ugomba gusuzuma imyanya isoko ryimigabane ryerekana. Umubare w’ubucuruzi ku isoko ryimigabane mugihe cya 2019-2020 wiyongereyeho 6.4% kandi ugera kuri miliyari 4.5. Impapuro zumunsi umwe ntabwo zashyizwe mubiharuro. Ingano y’ubucuruzi mu nganda z’amasosiyete, iz’akarere na leta zingana na miliyari 1.5 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda mu gihe gisuzumwa. Tugomba kureba ibice muburyo burambuye. Kugereranya ni muri Nzeri 2020:
- Isoko ry’ibikomoka ku kindi ni ikindi kintu, umaze kwiga ushobora gutekereza hafi ibyo winjiza. Muri iki cyerekezo, ubucuruzi bwageze kuri tiriyari 13 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (hakwiye kuzirikanwa ko agaciro ka tiriyari 13 z’amafaranga y’agaciro kari gafite akamaro muri Nzeri 2020), cyangwa amasezerano miliyoni 171.5 (amasezerano miliyoni 187 mbere). Impuzandengo y’ubucuruzi bwa buri munsi ingana na miliyari 580.5 (miliyari 593 zitangwa kugirango ugereranye). Ingano yubucuruzi mumasezerano yigihe kizaza (ibicuruzwa bizaza hamwe namasezerano) byageze kumasezerano agera kuri miliyoni 167, mugihe mumasezerano yo guhitamo – miliyoni 4.6.
Ingano yimyanya ifunguye yerekanwe ku isoko ikomokaho, ukurikije amakuru afatika guhera mu mpera za Nzeri 2021, yiyongereyeho 15.8%. Ikigereranyo cyiyongereye kugera kuri miliyari 805.4 (cyerekanye miliyari 695.6 muri Nzeri 2020).
- Isoko ry’ivunjisha ni ikintu kimwe kimwe kigena ibipimo byerekana inyungu zizaza cyangwa izubu. Ingano y’ubucuruzi ku isoko ry’ivunjisha mu gihe gisuzumwa ingana na tiriyari 25 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (ugereranije na tiriyari 30, byagezweho mbere). Amafaranga agera kuri tiriyari 7 yaguye mu gucuruza ibikoresho byabigenewe, amafaranga agera kuri tiriyoni 18.5 yerekanwe kuri swap no imbere.
- Isoko ry’amafaranga nikintu kimwe cyingenzi umucuruzi wese agomba gutekereza muguhitamo ingamba nziza. Umubare w’ubucuruzi hano nawo wiyongereye kugera kuri tiriyoni 46.3 (ugereranije na tiriyari 39 muri 2020).
Ingero zibyo umucuruzi yungutse – “shark” zo gucuruza kumasoko yimari yinjije angahe?
Kugirango ugire ubushake bwo gukora, ugomba kwibanda kuburorero nyabwo bwibikorwa byagezweho bijyanye nubucuruzi. Mu ngero zigaragara cyane zo gutera imbere muri uyu mwuga harimo umucuruzi Alexander Gerchik (USA). [ibisobanuro id = “umugereka_15016” align = “aligncenter” ubugari = “689”]
Niba dusuzumye neza uko isi imeze ku isoko mu mibare, dushobora kumenya ko 9 ku 10 mu bacuruzi bavanaho amafaranga ari kuri konti yabo mu mwaka wa mbere. Hafi ya kimwe cya gatatu (30-35% ukurikije amasoko atandukanye) muribo amaherezo banga kubona amafaranga mugihe kizaza mugucuruza cyangwa kubigira umwuga wabo nyamukuru.
Umubare muto w’abinjira muri ubu bucuruzi (hafi 10%) amaherezo ugera kurwego bashobora kwirata inyungu zabo za mbere. Indi nkuru yo kwinjiza neza yeguriwe Rainer Theo. Yageze ku ntsinzi atari mu mwuga gusa, ariko no mu kuyobora umuyoboro wa YouTube. Hano avuga icyo gukorera abitangira kugirango badatakaza amafaranga yabo no kongera ishoramari. Abiyandikisha barenze umubare wabantu 100.000. Urundi rugero rwo gutsinda no kuba umuntu wese ugaragaza kwihangana no gushishikazwa nubucuruzi ashobora kubona amafaranga menshi ninkuru yumunyamerika woroheje, witwa Ronald Reed. Mbere yo gutangira inzira nziza yubucuruzi, yayoboye kandi ubuzima buciriritse.
- Kuramo software idasanzwe – terminal.
- Hitamo ikintu cyo gucuruza. Irashobora kuba ifaranga (icyaricyo cyose), ingwate cyangwa ububiko.
- Shiraho umwanya wo kugura cyangwa kugurisha.
- Hitamo ubunini.
Ibi birashobora gukorwa ukoresheje imbonerahamwe cyangwa ibishushanyo bizerekanwa kuri ecran ya monitor. Kugirango igicuruzwa gifatwa nkigifunguye kandi kigira uruhare mubucuruzi, ugomba gukora itegeko mugihe runaka (urugero, umunsi). Urashobora kandi gufungura urutonde rwubu. Ku cyiciro gikurikira, umwanya wo gufunga ibikorwa byatoranijwe kandi bikosowe. Nyuma yibyo, inyungu irashirwaho.