Moscow Musanya blue chips: index, jerin 2024, kuzari

Don fahimtar abin da
kwakwalwan shuɗi suke, kuma musamman waɗanda ke kan MICEX, ya zama dole a yi la’akari da duk abin da ke da alaƙa da wannan ra’ayi. Blue kwakwalwan kwamfuta na Moscow Exchange – wannan shine sunan da aka ba da hannun jari na kamfanonin Rasha waɗanda suka nuna babban matakin ƙima da ƙimar ƙima kuma an haɗa su cikin jerin MOEX. [taken magana id = “abin da aka makala_3457” align = “aligncenter” nisa = “637”]
Tsarin da ribar index na shuɗin guntu na Tarayyar Rasha [/ taken] Hakanan suna da ingantaccen aikin kuɗi. A farkon 2022, akwai kimanin 30 irin waɗannan kamfanoni – blue chips a kan Moscow Exchange.Mai nuna halin da kasuwar hannun jari, kamar yadda a baya lokatai, shi ne index na blue kwakwalwan kwamfuta na Moscow Exchange, wanda za a iya gani. kan layi a hanyar haɗin da ke ƙasa https://www.moex.com/ en/index/MOEXBC/technical/ [taken magana id = “abin da aka makala_12793” align = “aligncenter” nisa = “744”]
Moscow Musanya Blue Chip Index akan layi [/ taken magana] Gabaɗaya an yarda da cewa duk wani canji, mai kyau da mara kyau, alama ce ta bayyana halin da ake ciki da kuma hasashen yanayin kasuwar hannun jari, wanda ya saba wa ƙasar gaba ɗaya. Haɓaka ko faɗuwa a cikin farashin hannun jari (darajar su, wacce ke nunawa a cikin ginshiƙi) na waɗannan kamfanoni a cikin 90% na lokuta sun haɗa da canji a cikin ƙimar hannun jari da sauran kamfanoni (ƙananan ko an haɗa su a cikin nau’in matsakaici cikin sharuddan ƙima). na dawowa da riba ga kasafin kuɗi), waɗanda ke da alaƙa da kasuwa mai fa’ida kuma an haɗa su a cikin ɓangaren tsakiya dangane da babban jari. [taken magana id = “abin da aka makala_3455” align = “aligncenter” nisa = “1259”]
Ƙididdigar lokaci na ainihi akan kasuwar guntu mai shuɗi [/ taken magana] A cikin kasuwar tsaro ta zamani, hannun jari na sanannun kamfanoni waɗanda ke da dogon tarihi, suna girma a hankali kuma suna biyan riba mai yawa. High liquidity yana ba da irin wannan tsaro tare da babban girman ciniki na yau da kullun. Wannan yana ba da damar, idan ya cancanta, don sayar da hannun jari da sauri kuma tare da iyakar riba. [taken magana id = “abin da aka makala_3460” align = “aligncenter” nisa = “795”]
Nauyin kwakwalwan shuɗi na Rasha [/ taken magana]

Ban sha’awa! Sunan tallan ne bayan launi na guntun karta da aka yi amfani da su don yin fare mafi girma.

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin blue chips da sauran Securities

Don samun riba, kuna buƙatar sanin menene babban bambance-bambance tsakanin hannun jari na manyan kamfanoni daga wasu tsare-tsare. Kafin siyan blue chips a kan Moscow Exchange, ana bada shawara don nazarin halayen su. Akwai manyan abubuwa guda 3:

1. Babban jari – adadin duk hannun jarin da suka yi fice, wanda aka ninka ta farashin su. Wannan abu yana ƙayyade ƙimar kasuwa na kamfani. Yin amfani da misalin Gazprom, ana iya ganin cewa tare da hannun jari na biliyan 23.5 a wurare dabam dabam, farashin kowannensu shine aƙalla 226 rubles, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a ƙididdige alamun samun kudin shiga a nan gaba (bayanai kamar 01/10/2022). . Babban jari, bi da bi, ga kamfanin gaba ɗaya shine kusan tiriliyan 5 rubles.
2. Ruwan ruwa . Blue chips suma sune mafi bayyane kuma mahimman bayanai (mai ban sha’awa da abin dogaro). Saboda kwanciyar hankalin su, suna da matukar sha’awar ‘yan kasuwa da masu zuba jari. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa akwai babban adadin ciniki akan irin waɗannan takaddun.
3. Rarraba – masu riƙe da shuɗin guntu Securities na iya sa ran biya karko. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kamfanoni sun tabbatar da kansu a kasuwa, saboda sun kasance a kasuwa na dogon lokaci (a matsakaita, ƙimar kusan shekaru 20 ko fiye).

[taken magana id = “abin da aka makala_12796” align = “aligncenter” nisa = “524”]
Hannun guntu mai shuɗi da hannun jari mara kyau[/taken magana] Ya zuwa ƙarshen 2022, ƙididdige ƙididdige ƙididdiga na guntu mai shuɗi yana farawa a RUB 500 biliyan. Wakilan da ke sama suna nuna darajar da yawan tiriliyan rubles, wanda ke nuna babban yiwuwar tsaro. Idan muka kwatanta kwakwalwan shuɗi na Moscow Exchange tare da hannun jari na kamfanonin da aka haɗa a cikin mataki na biyu, za mu iya ganin cewa matsakaicin matsakaicin masana’antu suna nuna alamun ƙididdiga a matsakaicin matakin, wanda yake daidai da matsakaicin 150 biliyan rubles. Jadawalin ya nuna yadda ma’aunin manyan masana’antu na ƙasar ke canzawa:
https://articles.opexflow.com/stocks/golubye-fishki-rossijskogo-fondovogo-rynka.htm

Kamfanonin kasashen waje: misali na zama mai rabo mai nasara

Hakanan, don kwatantawa, kuna buƙatar yin la’akari da ƙimar ƙima ga kamfanoni waɗanda ake ɗaukar
guntun shuɗi a cikin Amurka.. Don cancanta a matsayin kamfanin blue-chip, babban jari dole ne ya wuce dala biliyan 10. Kananan kasuwanci kuma na iya zama shuɗi. Don yin wannan, dole ne ku bi babban yanayin – don zama flagship a cikin sashin aikin sa. Ƙarfafa rarrabuwa yana tabbatar da amincin kamfani. Yana haɓaka haɓakawa da samar da kudin shiga, wanda, bi da bi, yana ba ku damar haɓaka ƙimar kuɗi ko kada ku katse su don masu hannun jari na yanzu ko sabbin masu hannun jari. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa an ƙaddara ƙimar kwakwalwan shuɗi a mafi yawan lokuta la’akari da alamun kwanciyar hankali na biyan kuɗin ƙarin kudaden shiga ga masu hannun jari. [taken magana id = “abin da aka makala_12804” align = “aligncenter” nisa = “793”]
Babban jari na kwakwalwan shuɗi – kamfanoni na Tarayyar Rasha [/ taken magana] Yawancin hannun jarin da aka gabatar na kwakwalwan shuɗi sune masu raba hannun jari. Wannan shine sunan kamfanonin da ke biyan kuɗi ba tare da rushewa ba, ƙara su. Tsawon lokacin irin waɗannan ayyukan yana da tsawo – daga shekaru 25. Bugu da ƙari, akwai sharuɗɗan da dole ne a yi la’akari da su kafin zabar hannun jari don siye, ana ba da shawarar rarraba zuba jari a cikin sassa daidai tsakanin manyan kamfanoni daban-daban. Blue chips su ne kamfanonin da ke da kasancewa a cikin ma’auni. Ana kiran shi
S&P 500.. Ga manyan ƙungiyoyi, an saita ƙimar ƙima a ƙasa da dala biliyan 3. Har ila yau, kima yana yin la’akari da matsakaicin girman ciniki – aƙalla dala biliyan 5. Ana ba da bayanan don kamfanoni na Amurka. Jerin masu raba aristocrats (musamman sanannun kamfanoni) kwararru ne ke bin diddigin su. Daga cikin kamfanoni masu irin wannan matsayi, ana iya lura da sanannun sunaye a duniya: Coca-Cola, Colgate-Palmolive ko kuma wata alama mai mahimmanci a duniya – Johnson & Johnson. [taken magana id = “abin da aka makala_3453” align = “aligncenter” nisa = “982”]
Kasuwar hannayen jari ta Amurka blue chips [/ taken magana] Kuna iya nemo da siyan hannun jarin guntu shuɗi akan musayar hannayen jari ta Moscow ta amfani da jeri na musamman wanda ya jera sunayen manyan kamfanonin da ke aiki a kasuwa. Don bincika, kuna buƙatar saita tace ta girman kamfani, misali, daga dala biliyan 10. Hannun jari na Moscow Exchange (MOEX), shin ya cancanci siyan: https://youtu.be/JhXZI4R8Nac

Me kuma za a yi la’akari lokacin zabar hannun jari

Bugu da ƙari, mai yuwuwar mai siye zai iya saita ma’auni da yawa, gami da kwanan wata jeri na wani kamfani (IPO) ko rabon rabon na wani lokaci. A cikin yanayin kamfanonin Rasha, ana gabatar da fihirisar kai tsaye a kan gidan yanar gizon MICEX. An kafa shi bisa tushen ruwa. A lokaci guda, irin wannan mai nuna alama a matsayin ƙididdiga na kwanciyar hankali na biyan kuɗi ba a la’akari da shi ba. Har ila yau, ba a la’akari da babban kamfani na kamfani. Abin da ya sa jerin bazai haɗa da ƙungiyoyi tare da alamun fiye da biliyan 500 rubles ba. Darajar (nauyin) na kamfanoni a cikin ma’aunin guntu mai shuɗi (har zuwa ƙarshen 2021):

Menene fa’idodi da rashin amfani na mallakan hannun jari na guntu mai shuɗi?

The Moscow Exchange Blue Chip Index 2022 kuma ya ƙunshi manyan ƙungiyoyi, waɗanda Sberbank, Rosneft, da Gazprom ke kan gaba. Kafin siyan hannun jari ko wasu takaddun shaida, ana ba da shawarar yin la’akari da duk fa’idodi da rashin amfani waɗanda ke da su. Amincewa zai zama fa’ida ga mai saka hannun jari. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa haɗarin fatarar kamfani a cikin jerin guntu masu launin shuɗi ba su da yawa. Suna da babban darajar kiredit, wanda ke ba su damar sake dawo da basussuka masu tasowa cikin sauƙi. An gabatar da jerin abubuwan da aka sabunta na kwakwalwan kwamfuta na Moscow Exchange akan gidan yanar gizon hukuma https://www.moex.com/ru/index/MOEXBC, wanda ke ba masu zuba jari damar bin diddigin aikin, da sauri yanke shawarar siye ko siyarwa. tsaro. Misali na Gazprom ya nuna cewa babban jari a karshen Janairu 2022 shine 7 tiriliyan rubles.
Babban jari na Gazprom Janairu 2022 [/ taken magana] Jerin hannun jari na guntu mai shuɗi akan Musanya ta Moscow zai taimaka muku zaɓi zaɓuɓɓuka daga masana’antu da sassa daban-daban. Har ila yau, wajibi ne a yi la’akari da gaskiyar cewa alamun farashi na iya canzawa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar abubuwan ciki da na waje na ɓangaren kuɗi. Ya kamata a la’akari da cewa abun da ke ciki na blue chips na Moscow Exchange yayi la’akari da rabon kwanciyar hankali. Yana ba mai yuwuwar siyan hannun jari fahimtar yadda kamfani ke biyan riba a kai a kai da kuma sau nawa yana ƙara girman su. Mai nuna alama ba jerin abubuwan da ake ɗaukakawa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ba ne, amma alama ce ta tarihi. Anan kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa lokacin tattara ƙima, haɗarin canje-canje na gaba a cikin manufofin rabon da aka kafa da kuma amfani da kamfani ba a la’akari da su ba. A peculiarity ne gaskiya cewa idan aka kusanci index of Securities zuwa daya, mafi alheri ga mai hannun jarin kamfanin. Mai nuna alama na 0.3-0.6 yana nuna cewa akwai matsaloli tare da biyan kuɗi ko karuwa. Irin waɗannan kamfanoni kamar Novatek da Lukoil suna da tabbataccen alamomi. Alamar su tana cikin babban yanki dangane da aminci da aminci – 1 da 0.93, bi da bi. Har ila yau, rashin amfanin yana buƙatar sanin kuma a yi la’akari da shi lokacin ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin saka hannun jari. Rashin rashin amfani na kwakwalwan shuɗi sun haɗa da ƙananan rashin ƙarfi. Idan mai saka jari yana neman samun riba a kan iyakokin darussan, to an shawarce shi don zaɓar wasu hanyoyin, tun da wannan ba zai yi aiki tare da hannun jari na guntu ba. Wani rashin lahani shine ƙananan riba. Ka tuna cewa wannan zuba jari ne na dogon lokaci. Saboda haka, yana da wuya a sami kudin shiga cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Moscow Musanya fihirisar shuɗi na jimlar dawowa a hanyar haɗin https://www.moex.com/en/index/totalreturn/MEBCTR

Yadda ake saka hannun jari a cikin blue chips daidai kuma tare da matsakaicin riba

Kafin saka hannun jari a cikin wannan sashin, kuna buƙatar la’akari da cewa irin wannan al’amari kamar saurin girma ba al’ada bane ga kwakwalwan shuɗi. Kyakkyawan a nan shi ne raguwa kuma baya faruwa ba zato ba tsammani kuma ba tare da wani dalili ba. Ana ba da tabbacin dogaro ta gaskiyar cewa kasuwancin da aka haɗa a cikin wannan rukunin yana cikin tabbataccen kuma tabbataccen tabbataccen abu. Blue chips suna girma a hankali. Ana iya ƙididdige alamun farko na riba a cikin shekaru 3-5. Zabar a cikin yardarsu hanya ce mai kyau don kare kudi daga hauhawar farashin kayayyaki. Canjin Moscow yana ba ku damar bin diddigin abubuwan kwakwalwan shuɗi akan layi akan hanyar haɗin yanar gizo https://www.moex.com/ru/index/MOEXBC: Blue chips na kasuwar hannun jari na Rasha – bayyani, ribobi da fursunoni: https: // youtu.be/XItRNWGcXLE Sayi guntun guntun shuɗi ana samun su akan layi akan gidan yanar gizon MICEX na hukuma. Domin siyan tsaro, kuna buƙatar zuwa rukunin yanar gizon https://www.moex.com/ru/?pge. Bayanai na yau da kullun kan matsayin guntu shuɗi kamar na 01.2022 (wanda shine mafi kyawun siye) ana samun su akan gidan yanar gizon MICEX. Mafi kyawun kamfanoni don saka hannun jari a yanzu sune:
Kuna iya bin diddigin nazari akan gidan yanar gizon https://mfd.ru/marketdata/?id=5&mode=1. Ana sabunta bayanin kowane minti 15. Misali kamar na Janairu 2022:
Duk waɗannan bayanan za su ba ku damar gudanar da ƙididdiga masu inganci, da sauri da kuma kammala ciniki cikin aminci. Bayanai na yanzu akan MICEX a ƙarshen Janairu 2022 shine wanda aka ba da shawarar saka hannun jari a fannin mai da iskar gas, da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi wutar lantarki.
Palladium da iskar gas suma suna da kyau.