Ungayikhetha njani i-broker yokurhweba kunye notyalo-mali – ukukala kwe-2024

Ngaphambi kokuqhagamshelana ne-brokerage ethile, abaninzi abatyali-mali abaqalayo bazama ukufunda ulwazi oluninzi malunga nale ndawo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Xa umntu ekwazi ukunqoba konke ukwesaba kwakhe, unquma ukuvula i-akhawunti kwaye aqale ukutyalomali. Kwaye oku kufuneka wazi ukuba ngubani umthengisi wempahla kunye nendlela yokukhetha enye. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze kungangeni kwiindleko ezinkulu.

Ngubani obizwa ngokuba ngumthengisi kwisakhelo sokurhweba kwimarike yemasheya

Ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo apho utshintshiselwano lusebenza, abatyali-mali abanalo ilungelo lokulahla izixhobo zemali ngokwabo. Kufuneka kubekho umthetheli oyingcali phakathi kombutho kunye nomtyali-mali. Lo ngumthengisi. Ukufumana iinkonzo ze-brokerage ezifanelekileyo, umntu kufuneka afake kuphela umbuzo ofanelekileyo kwi-injini yokukhangela. Emva kwemizuzwana embalwa, ubuninzi bemithombo iya kuvela. Ubume bomthengisi bunokufunyanwa yimibutho ethobela ngokupheleleyo umthetho. Phakathi kwezi zezi: amaziko orhwebo olulodwa, iinkampani zebhanki okanye iinkampani zotyalo-mali.
Kukho amaxwebhu abalulekileyo anokufunyanwa kuphela ngombhalisi oqeqeshiweyo. Wenza uluhlu lwabanini abathengisa izibambiso. Zonke iinkqubo zenziwa ngesivumelwano esingqongqo. https://articles.opexflow.com/brokers/kto-takoj-chem-zanimaetsya-kak-vybrat.htm

Luthini uxanduva lomthengisi wempahla

Abaqalayo kunye nabanokuba ngabatyali-zimali bahlala bengayiqondi ngokupheleleyo into eyenziwa ngumrhwebi. Uxanduva lwakhe oluphambili lubandakanya:

• qinisekisa ukuba utshintshiselwano phakathi kwala maqela mabini lunobulungisa kwaye luyimpumelelo;
• vula i-akhawunti yomxhasi osele esayine isivumelwano;
• ukunceda ukuthengisa okanye ukuthenga amaxwebhu axabisekileyo, imali, njl.;
• iqhuba imicimbi yezemali kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle;
• ulungisa iingxelo zemali;
• iphuhlisa amaqhinga orhwebo notyalo-mali;
• inika iingcebiso kubaxhasi bayo, ukuba kuyimfuneko;
• ijongene nokubalwa kweerhafu.

Kutheni kubalulekile ukukhetha umthengisi ofanelekileyo?

Kwinqanaba lokuqala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugxila ekukhetheni i-broker ethembekileyo ethembekileyo. Kufuneka agxile ekukhuthazeni umxhasi wakhe kunye nokumnika uncedo oluyimfuneko endleleni. Kodwa, ngelishwa, namhlanje uninzi lweenkampani ze-stock brokerage zigxile kuphela
kwinzuzo yazo . Kunzima kakhulu ukukhetha ulungelelwano olufanelekileyo, ingakumbi ukuba umntu uhlala kwindawo ekwanti. Ngexesha elifanayo, amathuba ancitshiswa kakhulu. Emva koko unokwenza le nkqubo kwi-intanethi. Emva kokufunda iziko ngolwazi kunye nophononongo kwinethiwekhi. Ukuba ukhetha i-broker engakwaziyo ukusebenza, ke amathuba okuba utyalo-mali oluyimpumelelo luthande ukuba zero.

Iingcebiso zokukhetha ummeli wotyalo-mali

Ukuba umsebenzisi akazange atyale imali ngaphambili, ngoko akuyi kuba lula kuye ukuba akhethe umlamli olungileyo. Yiyiphi i-broker engcono kumntu oqalayo uya kunceda ukugqiba uluhlu lweendlela ezisisiseko.

Ubukho belayisenisi

Imvume esemthethweni yemisebenzi yeBhanki Ephakathi iyimfuneko enyanzelekileyo kulo naluphi na uhlobo lomsebenzi kwi-stock exchange. Ukujonga ukuba umthengisi unelayisensi kulula. Ukwenza oku, vele uye kumncedisi weBhanki Ephakathi yeRussian Federation kwaye ujonge ulwazi malunga nombutho. Abarhwebi bahlala bejongwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokwaphulwa komthetho. Ukuba loo nto inokufunyanwa, ngoko iBhanki Ephakathi inelungelo lokurhoxisa ilayisenisi.

Ukuthembeka kwenkampani kunye nesidima esicocekileyo

Nawuphi na umrhwebi unokubhanga ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iinkampani ezisebenze iminyaka emininzi kwaye zikwazile ukufumana uphononongo oluninzi oluhle. Ukuba i-broker ixabiseke kangakanani kubaxumi ingqinwa lizinga layo eliphezulu kunabo bakhuphisana nabo. Lo ngumlinganiselo wokuzinza nokuthembeka kwayo.

Imali yeKhomishini

Ngaphambi kokuba uhlawule enye okanye enye intlawulo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufunde ngokucophelela iimeko zomntu ngamnye. Okokuqala, kuyafaneleka ukuthelekisa isixa semali yekhomishini. Kubalulekile ukunyamekela ubungakanani bekhomishini
yokukhonza i-
akhawunti ye-brokerage , ukuthengiselana ngemali ngokutshintshiselana, iifizi zomsebenzi we-depository, iifizi zokuthengiselana ezigqityiweyo, njl.

Inzuzo yeemarike

Kuyimfuneko ukwenza isigqibo malunga nombandela wokuthengisa nokuthenga, ukucacisa kunye nomthengisi weziphi izixhobo zemali anokuthi anikele ngazo. Kukho abalamleli abagunyazisiweyo ukuba babonelele abathengi babo ukufikelela kwiimarike zokutshintshiselana kwezinye izixeko. Kwaye abanye abarhwebi abanalo ithuba elinjalo, ngoko ukusebenzisana nabo akuyi kuzisa ingeniso eninzi. Kuya kufuneka uzikhethele iinkampani ezininzi ezithembisayo, kwaye unike kuqala leyo inokubonelela ngezona meko zintle.

Isixhobo esiluncedo kunye nokufumaneka kwe-app

Kuya kuba mnandi ngakumbi kumtyali-mali ukuba aqhube ishishini kwindawo enomsebenzi olula. Kwangaxeshanye, utshintshiselwano kufuneka lubambe amathuba amaninzi:

• ube netheminali yokurhweba ;
• I-app ye-smartphone yasimahla (kunye okanye ngaphandle kwedemo);
• ukuzaliswa kwebhalansi kunye nokurhoxiswa kwemali kusetyenziswa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlawula;
• ukwenza iintlawulo ngezabelo okanye amakhuphoni;
• ubukho bepotfoliyo yedemo, apho umtyalo-mali ongenamava angazivavanya ngokusebenza ngaphandle kwengozi kunye naziphi na iindleko;
• iingcebiso ezivela kwinkonzo yenkxaso yobugcisa 24/7.

Ithuba lokufunda

Abarhwebi abalungileyo babonelela abathengi babo ngezinto zemfundo zasimahla. Ezinye iinkampani zibonelela ngezifundo, kodwa ubukhulu becala zihlawulwa. Esi sisiseko esihle sabaqalayo.

Umrhwebi wokwenyani okanye umkhohlisi: ujonga njani?

Utyalo-mali, njengawo nawuphi na umsebenzi ofumana umfutho kuphuhliso, luzaliswe ngamanani amaninzi ama-charlatans. Ezinye iisayithi zobuqhophololo ziphantse zafana nabarhwebi abaziwayo. Ukuze ungaweli kwi-bait, kuyafaneleka ukuphulaphula iingcebiso ezimbalwa.

Iintengiso ezicaphukisayo kunye neefowuni eziqhubekayo

Umkhohlisi unokubiza abantu, ezenza umqeshwa weziko lotyalo-mali. Uya kubuza imibuzo emininzi, ebeka iinkonzo zakhe. Abaphuli-mthetho bathembisa ingeniso engaqhelekanga, bathethe ngokurhweba kwi-stock exchange, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba umgcini-mali uya kuba nakho ukufumana phantse i-50% yemali yengeniso. Ngelo xesha, umkhohlisi uya kuthi awudingi ukwenza nantoni na ngokwakho, kufuneka uthembele “iingcali” kwaye udlulisele inani elithile kwi-akhawunti yakhe. Kukho abantu abakhohliseka ngokwaneleyo, ngoko abaninzi baphulukana nemali yabo yokulondoloza ngokuvuma imiqathango yomcebisi womgunyathi.

Isiqinisekiso somvuzo ophezulu

Izikrelemnqa aziyi kuthetha ngemiphumo eyingozi enokubakho kunye neengozi. Bona, ngokuchaseneyo, baqinisekisa izibonelelo, ngaphezu koko, ngokubiza iimali ezintle. Ukusuka kwiinqaba ezinjalo emoyeni, amaxhoba anobuqhetseba aqala ukuziva edidekile. Ngamanye amaxesha nabantu abafundileyo nabalumkileyo bawela ngamaqhinga ukuba utyalo-mali lwabo lunokuzisa i-100% yezahlulo.

Ubukho boxinzelelo olucacileyo lwengqondo

Ukungena ekuthembekeni yeyona nto iphambili kwimpumelelo yomkhohlisi. Uzichaza njengengcali, uthi usebenzela inkampani eyaziwayo, ufunda amanani avela kwizibalo ezingekhoyo. Emva koko uqala ukubeka uxinzelelo kunye nokukhohlisa umntu. Unokuthi lo mnikelo ulinganiselwe kwaye ufumaneka kuphela kulo mxhasi, kodwa kufuneka wenze ngoku. Ngokuqinisekileyo, abaninzi bayesaba ukuphosakela ithuba elimnandi kwaye bavumelane neemeko ze-charlatan ngaphandle kokujonga.

Isicelo sokudlulisa imali kwi-akhawunti

Olu hlobo lokudluliselwa kwemali alusoloko lubuqhetseba. Kukho iimeko ezizodwa. Kodwa, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba abaphuli-mthetho abayi kusebenzisa izixhobo zokuhlawula ezisemthethweni. Abantu abanjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo, bacelwa ukuba benze ukudluliselwa kwemali kwikhadi, okanye isikhwama se-elektroniki. Ukuba akukho lwazi oluthembekileyo malunga nalo mbutho kwaye umntu akaqinisekanga ngokunyaniseka kwayo, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukulahla ingcamango kwaye ungathumeli imali kubantu abangabazi.
Iisayithi ze-Clone ezikhohlisayo Kukho izixhobo ezinobuqhetseba ezifana ne-2 yehla efana neyokuqala eyaziwayo. Izigebenga ziphuhlisa ngokukhethekileyo iiwebhusayithi, zikopisha uyilo lweenkampani ezidumileyo ezisele zizibonakalise zisuka kwicala elifanelekileyo. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, abathengi bayabathemba, oku kuthetha ukuba abayi kunqikaza ngesigqibo sokuthembela kulo mthengisi. Kubalulekile ukujonga ngononophelo indawo oceba ukusebenzisana nayo.

Akukho qhagamshelwano lukhuselekileyo kwiseva

Abenzi bobuqhophololo abazihluphi ngokuthenga isatifikethi se-SSL. Luxwebhu lwedijithali oluququzelela uqhagamshelwano olukhuselekileyo. Ke ngoko, ukujonga utyikityo loxwebhu olunjalo, kuya kufuneka ucofe kwi-padlock phezulu, ecaleni kwekhonkco. Ukuba akukho lwazi lokuba uxhulumaniso lukhuselekile, ke le nto iqhinga. Wonke umntu osebenzayo uqinisekisa ngokusemthethweni uqhagamshelwano olukhuselekileyo lweseva.

Umthetheli akanalo ilayisenisi yokusebenza

Ukuba akukho layisensi, oku, i-priori, intlangano engekho mthethweni engenalo ilungelo lokuphuhlisa imisebenzi yayo. IBhanki Enkulu ayiyi kunika imvume kumntu wobuqhophololo. Ukuba olu xwebhu lukhona, kufuneka ukhangele ukuba lolwenyani na. Isivumelwano kufuneka siquke inombolo ye-akhawunti. Okufanayo kufuneka kuboniswe kwiprofayili. Kufuneka kwakhona ujonge iireyithingi kunye nezinye iinkcukacha.

Indlela yokuqonda ukuba umthengisi usebenza ngokunyanisekileyo

Ngenxa yokuba ubuninzi bezicwangciso zobuqhetseba buvela imihla ngemihla, umbuzo uvela: yiyiphi i-broker yokukhetha ukuthengisa kwi-stock market? Kufuneka nje uthathele kwinkonzo zonke izilumkiso ezichazwe ngasentla. Emva kokuyeka kwindawo ethile, kufuneka uhlolisise onke amanani kunye neenkcukacha, amagama, ubukho benkampani kwirejista yeBhanki yeBhanki yaseRussian Federation. Kubalulekile ukucacisa ulwazi lwelayisensi, idilesi esemthethweni yombutho kunye nomdlalo wayo kwisayithi. Ukuba yonke into ichanekile, ke i-broker iyinyani.

Uzibuyisela njani izincamatheliso emva kokudluliselwa

Ukuba umthengisi ukhohlise umxhasi, kwaye unokungqina oko, ngoko kufuneka uzame ukucela umngeni kwintengiselwano yentlawulo. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka ufake isicelo kwiBhanki Ephakathi. Kubalulekile ukuba ube nekopi yesivumelwano, isitatimende sebhanki, iifoto zembalelwano okanye iifowuni.

Ireyithingi yabathengi abangcono kakhulu be-2022 ngamaxabiso, iikhomishini, iimeko, izibonelelo

Ukuze ungangeni kwiinethiwekhi ze-scammers, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubeke ingqalelo kubathengi abahamba phambili be-2022. Olu luhlu lweenkampani ezidwelisiweyo lwenziwe ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kombutho ngamnye kunye nengxelo eshiyiweyo ngabasebenzisi. Olu lwazi lulandelayo lwawela kwiikhrayitheriya zokuvavanya: ixesha lomsebenzi, ilayisenisi, ukulinganisa kwizibonelelo ezahlukeneyo ezisemthethweni, iimeko zokusebenza, ukuthembeka, izimvo zabathengi, njalo njalo. Ii-TOP-5 ezithembekileyo zee-brokers zika-2021 zibonisiwe:

1. Finam

Indawo esemthethweni: https://www.finam.ru

• Enye yeeprojekthi ezidumileyo ezibonelela ngeenkonzo zotyalo-mali kwihlabathi jikelele;
• Unyaka wesiseko – 1994;
• Inamasebe ayo kwizixeko ezingama-90 zehlabathi;
• Kukho abasebenzisi kumazwe angama-40;
• Ukuthengiswa kweemarike: ii-ruble ze-468 billion (isitokhwe); ngaphezulu kwe-2 yeebhiliyoni zeeruble (ngokungxamisekileyo); Iibhiliyoni ezingama-409 zeerandi (imali).
• Isixa somrhumo wekhomishini yahlukile, kuxhomekeke kwintlawulo ekhethiweyo;
• Imali inokurhoxiswa kwiiruble;
• Ukuhoxiswa kwenye imali kubandakanya ikhomishini – 0.07%;
• Kukho inguqulo yedemo esebenza simahla ukuze ihlaziywe;
• Kukho i-smartphone app.

2. XM

Indawo esemthethweni: https://www.xm.com

• Umthengisi owaziwayo kwihlabathi jikelele;
• Unamaqonga okurhweba aqhelekileyo ali-16;
• Malunga ne-2.5 yezigidi zabatyali-mali abavela kumazwe angama-200;
• Iakhawunti yedemo iyafumaneka;
• I-interface isebenza ngeelwimi ezingama-23;
• Kukho abaphathi beakhawunti ngabanye.

3. I-Broker yokuvula

Igosa: https://open-broker.ru

• Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-25 yamava kwimarike yezemali;
• Izicwangciso ezi-4 zeerhafu ezinenzuzo;
• Ukukwazi ukuvula i-akhawunti ngaphandle kotyalo-mali kunye neekhomishini, kwimizuzu emi-5-10;
• Kuya kwenzeka ukuba uvule ii-akhawunti ezincinci ezininzi;
• Imbuyiselo yemali ngentengiselwano nganye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50%;
• Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zentengiselwano yezemali;
• Inkqubo yokunyaniseka ekhoyo;
• izicelo eziphathwayo kuzo zonke iinkqubo zokusebenza;
• Uthethwano 24/7.

4. Tinkoff Investments

Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: https://www.tinkoff.ru/invest/

• Yaziwa njengeyona nkampani ibalaseleyo yotyalo-mali ehlabathini;
• Ukukwazi ukuvula i-akhawunti kwi-intanethi kwimizuzu emi-5;
• Ukuthengwa kwemali kwi-dollar eyi-1 okanye i-euro;
• Inkxaso yobugcisa ubusuku nemini;
• Ukuhoxiswa ngokukhawuleza kwikhadi ngaphandle kweekhomishini, kuyo nayiphi na imali;
• Ikhomishini ihlawuliswa kuphela iitransekshini;
• Isicelo esiphathwayo siyafumaneka.

5. Interactive Brokers

Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: https://interactivebrokers.co.uk/ru

• Iintengiselwano ngeemali ezingama-23;
• Iilayisenisi ezivela kumaqumrhu alawula amazwe amaninzi;
• Ikhomishini ye-broker ephantsi, kuxhomekeke kwimimiselo yerhafu;
• Ngo-2020, umbutho wamkelwa njengowona mthengisi ubalaseleyo wamazwe ngamazwe kwi-intanethi;
• Kukho iiofisi zabameli kumazwe ahlukeneyo ehlabathi;
• Yabelana ngenkunzi ngaphezulu kwe-9 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi;
• Yabucala, usapho, ipenshini kunye nezinye iintlobo zeeakhawunti ezinokuvulwa.

Indlela yokuvula i-akhawunti ye-brokerage kumntu oqalayo

Xa kwacaca ukuba yiyiphi i-broker engcono ukurhweba kwi-stock exchange, unokugqiba ngokukhuselekileyo isivumelwano kwaye uvule i-akhawunti. Akukho nto inokukhathazeka ngayo apha, kufuneka unikele ingqalelo ngakumbi kwizenzo zakho. Uninzi lweefemu zokuthengisa zivula iakhawunti simahla. Emva koko, kufuneka wenze idiphozithi. Ubuncinci bexabiso elincinci lotyalo-mali yi-ruble eyi-1,000. Inokuba ngaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zenkampani ekhethiweyo. Emva kokuba ugcwalise iakhawunti ngokwakho, ungaqala ukutyala imali kwangoko. Indlela yokukhetha umthengisi ngo-2022 – apho ukuvula i-akhawunti kumntu oqalayo ukuthengisa kwimarike yemasheya, ukuthelekiswa kwabathengi kwiRussian Federation: https://youtu.be/YKEFzL2FgQ8

Uzidlulisela njani izabelo ukusuka komnye umthengisi ukuya kwenye

Emva kokuba utyalomali ixesha elithile, umntu ufumana amava kwaye sele ekwazi ukufunda ngokuzimeleyo utshintshiselwano olufanayo. Kule meko, uya kufuna ukutshintsha abathengisi ukuba ufumana enye indlela engcono. Umthetheli unokutshintshwa ngokwenene. Ukwenza oku, akuyimfuneko ukuhoxisa imali kwaye uthengise amaxwebhu abalulekileyo. Kwanele ukwenza izitatimende zomthengisi wangoku kunye nalowo umsebenzisi aceba ukusebenzisana naye. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona uhlawulele inkonzo yokudluliselwa kwe-asethi.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba iphepha-mvume lomthengisi lirhoxisiwe

Umrhwebi uyakuphulukana nelayisensi yakhe ukuba:

• ukungabikho kwemali;
• ukuba ibhanki yakhe ishiywe ngaphandle kwelayisensi;
• umthengisi akazange asebenze iminyaka eyi-1.5.

Imvume yokusebenza inokurhoxiswa ngokusisigxina okanye okwethutyana. Kwimeko yesibini, umthetheli unethuba lokulungisa iimpazamo kwaye aqalise umsebenzi kwakhona.

Umrhwebi kunye nokugcina imali kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo

Ukuba la maqumrhu asemthethweni ahlukeneyo, ngoko ukuchithwa kwe-brokerage firm akuchaphazeli i-asethi yomthengi. Izibambiso kunye nokugcinwa kwemali kuya kukhuseleka. Udinga kuphela ukuvula i-akhawunti ye-brokerage kunye nomlamli ongomnye, kwaye udlulisele ii-asethi kwindawo entsha yokugcina imali.

Umrhwebi kunye nomsebenzi wokugcina imali kwinkampani yokudibanisa

Kule meko, izinto zinzima ngakumbi. Apha umthengisi kunye nendawo yokugcina imali liqumrhu elisemthethweni elinye. Kukho amathuba aphezulu okuba umtyali-mali uya kulahlekelwa yipropati. Kodwa, kwelinye icala, akunakwenzeka ukuqhuba zombini umsebenzi we-depository kunye ne-brokerage ngaxeshanye. Lulwaphulo-mthetho nje. Noko ke, imibutho enjalo ikho. Emva koko umsebenzisi akayi kukwazi ukwenza nantoni na, kuya kufuneka anyamezele ilahleko. Ngaphambi kokuba ukhawuleze ukhethe umthengisi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ucinge ngononophelo malunga nokuba yintoni na umsebenzisi. Emva kokuchaza injongo ethile (okanye mhlawumbi ezininzi), kuyafaneleka ukufunda ulwazi oluninzi kangangoko malunga nomlamli okhethiweyo. Ukuba akukho layisensi, ngoko intsingiselo yentsebenziswano iyanyamalala ngokwayo. Ukuqhubela phambili, kucetyiswa ukuba uziqhelanise nezicwangciso zentlawulo kwaye wenze isigqibo malunga neyona nto inenzuzo kakhulu (kubalulekile ukuba ubeke ingqalelo kwisixa sekhomishini). Kubaqalayo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe indawo,