Apho utyala imali kwi- 2024 kumtyali-zimali oqalayo: imali encinci kunye nobuncinci bolwazi

Inqaku lenziwe ngokusekelwe kuluhlu lwezithuba ezivela  kwitshaneli yeTelegram ye-OpexBot , eyongezwa ngumbono wombhali kunye nombono we-AI. Apho eRashiya umtyali-mali we-novice unokutyala imali kwi- 2024: isixa esincinci kunye nobuncinci bolwazi.

Apho utyala imali ngobulumko kwaye ngaphandle kwemithambo-luvo ngexesha lengxaki [yangoku_unyaka] – kwanoqalayo angayenza, iipesenti ziya kukuxelela.

Kunzima ukogqitha ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, kodwa makhe sizame. Okanye ubuncinci ikhefu. Ewe, ukuze ikhuseleke ngokwentelekiso. Ngoko ke, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ekupheleni kuka-2022 kwakuyi-12%.

Iibhondi

10-14% isivuno. Kukho iinketho apho imingcipheko iya kuba phakathi. Wachaza ukuba kutheni ukutyalomali kwiibhondi kungcono kunokuthatha imali ebhankini. Andiyi kuphinda.

“Iitshiphu eziluhlaza” – izabelo ze-echelon yokuqala yeRussian Federation

Ngexesha elide, iinkampani ezininzi zikhula ngokuthe ngcembe. Iinkokeli zokuKhula zonyaka Sber + 92%; I-MTS + 40%; I-NOVATEK + 25%; Tatneft +9%. Iinkcukacha ezininzi apha . Kwaye iidivas ezide zihlawula. Kulo nyaka i-divas ihlawule, okanye iya kuhlawula, i-Sberbank, i-Beluga Group, i-NOVATEK kunye nabanye. Kodwa kukho imizekelo echaseneyo: ukuwa kweGazprom, umzekelo. Ukwahluka kuyafuneka. Ukuqulunqa ipotfoliyo ngobulumko ngumsebenzi onzima kumntu oqalayo. Ukuba awunalo ixesha lokuyiqonda, ngoko:

Iingxowa-mali ezihlangeneyo kunye nee-ETF – iipotifoliyo esele zenziwe

Ikuvumela ukuba utyale imali encinci. Ngokomzekelo, ngokuthenga isabelo sengxowa-mali yotyalo-mali edibeneyo edityaniswe ne-index yaseMoscow Exchange, uya kutyala ngokukhawuleza kuzo zonke izabelo zeenkampani zaseRashiya eziphambili. Iibhonasi: ukhetho olubanzi, ukuthembeka, ukutsalwa kwerhafu. Inzuzo inokuya kuthi ga kwi-20-30% ngonyaka. Ulwazi luyafumaneka kuluntu.

Igolide

I-13.26% ibuyile kulo nyaka uphelileyo. Inketho yokusebenza yotyalo-mali lwexesha elide. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, ixabiso lentsimbi exabisekileyo landa kuphela, kwaye ngexesha leenkathazo, ukukhula kukhawuleza. Ewe, ukuthengisa / ukutshintshiselana ngegolide kukunceda uphile kwimeko enzima.

Into endingayi kucebisa ngayo

1. Idiphozithi. 8-10% ngonyaka . Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuya kuphumelela. Okwangoku akukho zidiphozithi eRussia ezinokudlula ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ngokwepesenti. Kwaye ingxaki yeebhanki ayizange irhoxiswe. I-Dummy capsules inokufumaneka nakwi-Russian Federation.
2. Imali . 0% ngonyaka. Imali kufuneka isebenze. Phantsi komandlalo, imali ithotywa kukunyuka kwamaxabiso yonke imihla. Kwaye banokuthi “baxakeke” ngabantwana, “iimfuno” ezingalindelekanga kunye nezifuneka kakhulu, okanye amasela. Kufuneka kubekho imali, kodwa njengomqamelo wemali onokuthi ufikelele kuwo ngoko nangoko.
3. Izindlu ezithengiswayo zizinzo. Utyalo-mali lwezakhiwo sesinye sezona zixhobo zikhuselekileyo ezikhoyo namhlanje. Kodwa hayi nakweyiphi na inkunzi.

https://youtu.be/l7xdYiKhXPU

I-10% ngonyaka ngaphandle komngcipheko – kwizindlu, abantwana, iGoa kunye ne-disco

Ndiza kongeza iinkcukacha ezithile malunga nendawo yokutyala imali ngobulumko kwaye ngaphandle kwemithambo-luvo ngexesha lobunzima [kunyaka_wangoku]. Ifanelekile kwabo batyali-mali abanokunyamezela umngcipheko ophantsi. Okanye, njengenxalenye yepotfoliyo yotyalo-mali, apho umsebenzi oyintloko kukugcina inkunzi kunye nokukhusela imali kwi-inflation. Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi zokufumanisa ukunyamezela umngcipheko kwi-intanethi. Kuphela zizixhobo ezifumanekayo kuye wonke umntu ukuba zithengwe kwi-MOEX, okanye nge-Tinkoff broker kunye nabanye. Ngeeruble zesigidi ezinemiqathango sithatha: Nge-300-400k bonds * . 50 ukuya kwi-50%. OFZ kwi-9-10%. Kwaye iibhondi zenkampani kwi-10-15% kunye nomngcipheko ophantsi. Umzekelo: Seligdar, Norilsk Nickel, Sberbank kunye nabanye abakhupheli abathembekileyo. Ngama-300-400k iibhondi kwiyuan. Isivuno ukusuka kwi-4%. Olona tyalo-mali lukhuselekileyo nolunenzuzo kakhulu kwimali yangaphandle okwangoku. Iidipozithi zebhanki kwiyuan zingaphantsi kwe-3%. IYuanization yoqoqosho iyaqala. Umthamo wokurhweba kwi-yuan ukhula inyanga nenyanga. Ukongeza kwingeniso evela kumakhuphoni, kukho ukhetho lokufumana inzuzo kwiiyantlukwano zotshintshiselwano. I-Polyus, iSegezha, kunye ne-RUSAL zinebhondi ezenziwe kwi-yuan. Uluhlu olupheleleyo lubandakanya inqwaba yabakhuphi. *Kucaciswe ngentla apha ukuba kutheni ukutyala imali kwiibhondi kungcono kunokuthatha imali uyise ebhankini. Kwi-150-300k i-blue chip stocks . Sikhetha abo bahlawula ii-divas. Abantu abaninzi bayahlawula, kodwa hayi bonke. Ukuzinza kweentlawulo zezahlulo kubonakaliswa kwisalathiso seDSI. Kodwa masiyigcine ilula. Kwi-2023 kunye ne-divas: i-Sberbank, i-Norilsk Nickel, i-Lukoil, i-Tatneft ibhengeze intlawulo namhlanje. Kwi-150-300k yegolide . Ngexesha leentlekele, isinyithi esixabisekileyo sihlala siphakama kwixabiso, njengoko kwenza izabelo zeenkampani ezizimbiwayo. Abaninzi bahlawula ii-divas. Pole, Seligdar. Oku kuzinzile + 8-10% ngonyaka. Plus izabelo. Le yipotfoliyo engenamngcipheko enokuthi, ubuncinci, ikugcinele imali.

Ayibandakanyi iingcebiso zotyalo-mali lomntu ngamnye. Khumbula ukuba utyalo-mali kwii-securities luhlala lusemngciphekweni.

I-TOP 5 yeengcebiso ezixabisekileyo zotyalo-mali kumtyali-mali oqalayo

1. Yahlula ipotifoliyo yakho: Musa ukubeka onke amaqanda akho kwingobozi enye. Ukwahlula ipotifoliyo yakho kunokunceda ekusasazeni umngcipheko kwaye kunokonyusa imbuyekezo.
2. Yiba nexesha elide lotyalo-mali: Utyalo-mali ngumdlalo wexesha elide, kwaye ukuguquguquka kweemarike zexesha elifutshane akufanele kukuthintele kwisicwangciso sakho sotyalo-mali.
3. Qonda ukunyamezela kwakho umngcipheko: Yazi ukuba ungakanani umngcipheko ozimisele ukuwuthatha. Oku kuya kukunceda wenze izigqibo zotyalo-mali unolwazi kwaye umisele isicwangciso sotyalo-mali esihambelana nokunyamezela kwakho umngcipheko.
4. Gcina iimvakalelo zakho zilungile: Musa ukwenza izigqibo zotyalo-mali ngokungxama ngokusekelwe kwiimvakalelo ezinjengoloyiko okanye ukubawa.
5. Yenza uphando lwakho: Musa ukuthembela kuphela kwiingcebiso zabanye. Kubalulekile ukwenza uphando lwakho kwaye usebenzise inkuthalo efanelekileyo xa usenza izigqibo zotyalo-mali.

Ungayityala phi imali yengeniso ye-passive ku- 2024: ucinga ntoni ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa?

Apho utyalo-mali ngumbuzo okhathaza abaninzi. Maninzi amathuba ehlabathini okutyala imali yakho kwaye ufezekise impumelelo yezinto eziphathekayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhetha utyalo-mali olufanelekileyo kunokuba yinto ephambili yokumisela impumelelo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwishishini elinikiweyo. Emva kokufunda izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokwenzeka, sinokubona iinkalo eziliqela ezithembisayo kutyalo-mali. Okokuqala, izitokhwe yenye yezona zithandwa kakhulu zotyalo-mali. Urhwebo lotshintshiselwano lubonelela ngokhetho olubanzi lwezabelo zeenkampani ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe ukuya kwiziqalo ezincinci. Ukutyala imali kwizitokhwe kunokuzisa imbuyekezo entle, kodwa kufuna uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo lwemarike kunye nenkampani oceba ukutyala kuyo. Okwesibini, i-real estate yinto ezinzileyo kunye nemveli yotyalo-mali. Ukuthenga iipropati zokuhlala okanye zorhwebo kunokubonelela ngengeniso ezinzileyo ngendlela yerenti okanye amathuba okuthengisa kwakhona kwixesha elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukutshala imali ngempumelelo kwi-real estate, kufuneka ukhethe ngokufanelekileyo indawo kwaye uhlalutye imarike. Okwesithathu, utyalo-mali kwishishini lakho yenye yezona zinto ziyingozi kakhulu, kodwa kunye nokhetho olunokuba nengeniso. Ukuba neshishini lakho kukunika ithuba lokulawula iingeniso zakho, kodwa kufuna utyalo-mali olunzima kunye nexesha. Ukukhetha indawo yoshishino kunye nokudala isicwangciso esisebenzayo yimiba ephambili yempumelelo kutyalo-mali olunikiweyo. Okokugqibela, akufuneki silibale malunga nokwahluka kwepotifoliyo yotyalo-mali. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-asethi-izitokhwe, iibhondi, izibambiso, ii-cryptocurrencies-zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokubonelela ngembuyekezo ezinzileyo yexesha elide. Ukutshala imali ngempumelelo kwi-real estate, kufuneka ukhethe ngokufanelekileyo indawo kwaye uhlalutye imarike. Okwesithathu, utyalo-mali kwishishini lakho yenye yezona zinto ziyingozi kakhulu, kodwa kunye nokhetho olunokuba nengeniso. Ukuba neshishini lakho kukunika ithuba lokulawula iingeniso zakho, kodwa kufuna utyalo-mali olunzima kunye nexesha. Ukukhetha indawo yoshishino kunye nokudala isicwangciso esisebenzayo yimiba ephambili yempumelelo kutyalo-mali olunikiweyo. Okokugqibela, akufuneki silibale malunga nokwahluka kwepotifoliyo yotyalo-mali. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-asethi-izitokhwe, iibhondi, izibambiso, ii-cryptocurrencies-zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokubonelela ngembuyekezo ezinzileyo yexesha elide. Ukutshala imali ngempumelelo kwi-real estate, kufuneka ukhethe ngokufanelekileyo indawo kwaye uhlalutye imarike. Okwesithathu, utyalo-mali kwishishini lakho yenye yezona zinto ziyingozi kakhulu, kodwa kunye nokhetho olunokuba nengeniso. Ukuba neshishini lakho kukunika ithuba lokulawula iingeniso zakho, kodwa kufuna utyalo-mali olunzima kunye nexesha. Ukukhetha indawo yoshishino kunye nokudala isicwangciso esisebenzayo yimiba ephambili yempumelelo kutyalo-mali olunikiweyo. Okokugqibela, akufuneki silibale malunga nokwahluka kwepotifoliyo yotyalo-mali. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-asethi-izitokhwe, iibhondi, izibambiso, ii-cryptocurrencies-zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokubonelela ngembuyekezo ezinzileyo yexesha elide. kodwa neenketho ezinokuba nengeniso. Ukuba neshishini lakho kukunika ithuba lokulawula iingeniso zakho, kodwa kufuna utyalo-mali olunzima kunye nexesha. Ukukhetha indawo yoshishino kunye nokudala isicwangciso esisebenzayo yimiba ephambili yempumelelo kutyalo-mali olunikiweyo. Okokugqibela, akufuneki silibale malunga nokwahluka kwepotifoliyo yotyalo-mali. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-asethi-izitokhwe, iibhondi, izibambiso, ii-cryptocurrencies-zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokubonelela ngembuyekezo ezinzileyo yexesha elide. kodwa neenketho ezinokuba nengeniso. Ukuba neshishini lakho kukunika ithuba lokulawula iingeniso zakho, kodwa kufuna utyalo-mali olunzima kunye nexesha. Ukukhetha indawo yoshishino kunye nokudala isicwangciso esisebenzayo yimiba ephambili yempumelelo kutyalo-mali olunikiweyo. Okokugqibela, akufuneki silibale malunga nokwahluka kwepotifoliyo yotyalo-mali. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-asethi-izitokhwe, iibhondi, izibambiso, ii-cryptocurrencies-zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokubonelela ngembuyekezo ezinzileyo yexesha elide. Ekugqibeleni, wonke umtyalo-mali kufuneka akhumbule ukuba ukhetho lwento yotyalo-mali kufuneka luhambelane neenjongo zakhe, amandla emali kunye nenqanaba lomngcipheko azimisele ukujamelana nalo. Uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo kunye nophando lwemarike yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yotyalo-mali oluyimpumelelo. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba utyalo-mali sisigqibo somntu ngamnye kwaye sifuna ukuqaphela kunye nokuxubusha.