Uma uthenge isitoko bese usithengisa nge-plus encane, ungasheshi ujabule. Lokhu kuhlanganisa komthengisi kutheminali kungaba ukukhishwa esikhwameni sakho. Uma uhweba esitokisini (nanoma iyiphi enye) imakethe, kufanele uhlale ukhumbula mayelana namakhomishana nezindleko eziphezulu zokuthengiselana. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, kungase kubonakale kuwe ukuthi ukuhweba kwakho kunenzuzo, kodwa i-akhawunti ikhula kancane kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe. Ake siqonde ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. Uma uthatha imibhalo ye-Tinkoff Investments API, ungathola ukuthi umthengisi (noma yimuphi) unezinhlobo zokusebenza okungenani ezingama-64 ngemali yakho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingxenye yabo imayelana nokubamba amakhomishana nezintela, kanti okunye kumayelana nokuhamba kwezimali.
Izinhlobo zokusebenza
| inombolo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| 0 | Uhlobo lokusebenza aluchazwanga. |
| 1 | Ukugcwaliswa kabusha kwe-akhawunti ye-brokerage. |
| 2 | Ukubamba intela yemali engenayo yomuntu siqu kumakhuphoni. |
| 3 | Ukuhoxiswa kweBhange Elikhulu. |
| 4 | Imali engenayo evela kokwenziwe ngobusuku be-REPO. |
| 5 | Ukungadedeli intela. |
| 6 | Ukuhlengwa okugcwele kwezibopho. |
| 7 | Ukuthengiswa kwezibambiso ezivela ekhadini. |
| 8 | Ukubamba intela kumadividendi. |
| 9 | Ukuhoxiswa kwezimali. |
| 10 | Ukuhlengwa okuyingxenye kwamabhondi. |
| ishumi nanye | Ukulungiswa kwentela. |
| 12 | Ikhomishini yokubamba yokusevisa i-akhawunti ye-brokerage. |
| 13 | Ukubamba intela ukuze uthole inzuzo yezinto ezibonakalayo. |
| 14 | Ikhomishini yokubamba yesikhundla esingamboziwe. |
| 15 | Ukuthenga iBhange Elikhulu. |
| 16 | Ukuthenga iBhange Elikhulu ngekhadi. |
| 17 | Ukudluliselwa kwezibambiso kwenye indawo yokugcina imali. |
| 18 | Ukuthengiswa ngenxa ye-Margin-call. |
| 19 | Ukubamba izinkokhelo zomsebenzi. |
| 20 | Thenga njengomphumela we-Margin-call. |
| 21 | Inkokhelo yedividendi. |
| 22 | Ukuthengiswa kwezibambiso. |
| 23 | Inkokhelo yekhuphoni. |
| 24 | Ikhomishini yokubamba i-SuccessFee. |
| 25 | Ukudluliswa kwemali engenayo ye-dividend. |
| 26 | Ukubalwa kwemajini ehlukile. |
| 27 | Ukususwa kwemajini ehlukile. |
| 28 | Thenga ngaphakathi kokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwenkontileka yesikhathi esizayo. |
| 29 | Продажа в рамках экспирации фьючерсного контракта. |
| 30 | Комиссия за управление по счёту автоследования. |
| 31 | Комиссия за результат по счёту автоследования. |
| 32 | Удержание налога по ставке 15%. |
| 33 | Удержание налога по купонам по ставке 15%. |
| 34 | Удержание налога по дивидендам по ставке 15%. |
| 35 | Удержание налога за материальную выгоду по ставке 15%. |
| 36 | Корректировка налога по ставке 15%. |
| 37 | Удержание налога за возмещение по сделкам РЕПО по ставке 15%. |
| 38 | Удержание налога за возмещение по сделкам РЕПО. |
| 39 | Удержание налога по сделкам РЕПО. |
| 40 | Возврат налога по сделкам РЕПО. |
| 41 | Удержание налога по сделкам РЕПО по ставке 15%. |
| 42 | Возврат налога по сделкам РЕПО по ставке 15%. |
| 43 | Выплата дивидендов на карту. |
| 44 | Корректировка налога по купонам. |
| 45 | Комиссия за валютный остаток. |
| 46 | Комиссия за вывод валюты с брокерского счета. |
| 47 | Гербовый сбор. |
| 50 | SWIFT-перевод |
| 51 | SWIFT-перевод |
| 53 | Перевод на карту |
| 54 | Перевод с карты |
| 55 | Imali yokuhoxisa |
| 56 | Ukwesulwa kwenkokhelo yomsebenzi woMkhandlu |
| 57 | Ukudluliswa kwezibambiso kusuka ku-IIS kuya ku-akhawunti ye-Brokerage |
| 58 | Ukudluliselwa kwezibambiso kusuka ku-akhawunti yomthengisi kuya kwenye |
| 59 | Ukuhoxiswa kwezimali ku-akhawunti |
| 60 | Ukugcwaliswa kabusha kwezimali ezivela ku-akhawunti |
| 61 | Shintshanisa ubusuku bokubekwa |
| 62 | Ukucishwa kwekhomishini |
| 63 | Imali engenayo yasebusuku |
| 64 | Ukuphelelwa yisikhathi |
Nweba ithebula
Ingabe ujwayelene nawo wonke la magama? Uyazi ukuthi kukhona “umsebenzi wezitembu” othize, nini futhi zingakanani izintela ezigodlwe kuwe? Nokuthi uma ukhipha imali ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka wezimali, ukhokhiswa intela kuyo yonke inzuzo ngaphandle kokucabangela ukulahlekelwa? Uma ungajwayelene nalokhu, kufanele nakanjani ukuthole konke.
Esihlokweni uzofunda izisekelo zendlela yokubona imiphumela yangempela ye-akhawunti nayo yonke imininingwane yayo yonke imisebenzi.
Izindlela ezintathu zokubhekana nokuhlaziywa
- Inembile ku-inthanethi
- Manual ngemva kweqiniso
- Okuzenzakalelayo
Inengqondo
Uma uhweba ubheka kuphela esikhumulweni se-brokerage, imininingwane eminingi izokweqa amehlo akho. Okokuqala, akunanzuzo ukuthi abathengisi bakhangise ukuthi uzokhokha imali engakanani ngokuthengiselana okuthile. Isibonelo, ku-terminal ye-Finam akukho lutho mayelana nekhomishini lapho wenza ukuthengiselana. Kutheminali yaseTinkoff, kuze kube muva nje, ngisho nangesikhathi esizayo, babhala usayizi wekhomishini ngaphambi kokuthenga. Kodwa lapho ngilungiselela lesi sihloko, ngathola ukuthi baqala ukusifihla ngemuva kokwakheka okuhlelekile.
Lawa ma-nuances achazwe kahle lapha: Okungashiwo yiTinkoff Investments.
Umfanekiso 1. Ukuthenga izitoko (kwesokunxele) nekusasa (kwesokudla).
Bheka izithombe-skrini ezimbili zamathuluzi okuthenga (Umfanekiso 1). Kowokuqala, ubona inani lomsebenzi kanye nekhomishini. Okwesibili, ubona amaphuzu athile futhi awuboni ikhomishini. Okwesibili, uma usuthenge isitoko, usuvele ubomvu. Kungaba okulungile ukubhala ku-terminal ukuthi inzuzo yakho yokusebenza akuyona i-zero, kodwa ngokushesha ukhiphe amakhomishini amabili. Siyaqonda eminweni. Esimweni sokuqala (esisesithombeni esifanayo 1) ngesimo esihle futhi esihle , uthenge amalothi ayi-150 . Isitoko sikhuphuke ngama-kopecks angama-50, cishe ngo +0.25% . Ubona esivumelwaneni +750 ruble . Ngokushesha isimo sezulu saba sibi, amafu aqina , futhi wanquma ukuthengisa konke. Abanye bangase bacabange ukuthi banama -ruble angu-750imali engenayo. Abanye bacabanga ukuthi banoziro, ngoba kususwa ikhomishini. Kodwa bonke banephutha. Impendulo efanele yukuthi lapho uvala isikhundla, kuzoba nokulahlekelwa kwama-ruble angu-1000 ( imali engenayo, khipha ikhomishini yokuthenga, khipha ikhomishana yokuthengisa ). Manje ake sibheke isithombe-skrini kwesokudla, sithakazelisa nakakhulu lapho. Kulesi sibonelo, ikhomishini yokuthenga inkatho ingama-ruble angama-400. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga inkatho emithathu, ususa ama-ruble ayi-1200. Futhi ukudayiswa kuzokhokha cishe okufanayo. Sekukonke, unama-ruble angama-2400, nakuba isifundo singakanyakazi.
Ukuze uphule ngisho nalokhu kuhweba, intengo yenkatho eyodwa kufanele ikhuphuke ngama-ruble angama-800. Iphesenti elilodwa. Kuhloniphekile. Okusho ukuthi, ngokunyuka kwe-1%, inzuzo yakho ayikho +1% , kodwa i-ZERO !
Isibonelo, yiqiniso, cishe sisenziwe, ngoba kuthathwa intela ebiza kakhulu – umtshali-zimali. Silondoloza emalini yanyanga zonke, sithola amakhomishana amahhashi okuhweba. Ake ucabange ngesimo, uma egaraji likaphethiloli unombandela wokuthi uma ungathengi i-hot dog netiye kubo, bese ukhokha kashumi kaphethroli. Ungakhokha amanani angu-x10 ngelitha likaphethiloli, noma ungathenga i-hot dog bese uwugcwalisa ngentengo engcono kakhulu? Yilokho kuphela, yonke into idinga ukucatshangelwa futhi iqhathaniswe. Futhi umtshali-zimali we-novice akacabangi lezi zici ngezinombolo ezincane: ngandlela-thile akunandaba, i-ruble lapho, i-ruble lapha. Siphila kanjalo. Unganquma kanjani? Bala ngokwenza, noma usebenzise irobhothi elizohweba elizobala inzuzo yephothifoliyo bese lithengisa ngenzuzo ebalwe ngaphambilini noma lime.
Manual ngemva kweqiniso
Masiqhubekele phambili, usunesikhathi eside uhweba futhi ufuna ukwazi inzuzo yangempela yokuhweba kwakho, hhayi lezi zinombolo kutheminali. Manje kuzoba nzima kakhudlwana, kodwa kuzovuza kakhulu. Kunezindlela ezintathu zokulandelela umlando wakho wokwenziwe ngesandla
- Kutheminali yomthengisi. Ngokushesha sichitha le nketho ngokuqukethwe kolwazi oluphansi.
- Ukurekhoda ukuhweba kwakho ku-Excel. Lokhu okwalabo abanesikhathi esiningi samahhala noma abathenga okukodwa ngeviki.
- Ukulanda imibiko nokuxuba ngesandla (noma kusetshenziswa izinsiza).
Kunezinhlobo eziyisithupha zemibiko etholakalayo ukuze ilandwe ku-Tinkoff Investments
- umbiko wentela
- Umbiko Womthengisi
- Umbiko wediphozithi
- Ulwazi mayelana nenani lezimpahla
- Isitifiketi semali engenayo ngaphandle kweRussian Federation
- I-Tax Form 1042-S (Isitifiketi esiqinisekisa ukukhokhwa kwezinzuzo namakhuphoni ezibambiso zezinkampani zase-US, kanye nenani lentela ekhokhiwe)
Futhi zonke zinama-nuances azo. Futhi awukwazi ukuthola isitatimende sebanga ledethi olidingayo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isibonelo, ukuze uthole umbiko we-brokerage unyaka, udinga ukulanda imibiko engu-12 yenyanga ngayinye, bese uyihlanganisa.
Ungangiphakeli nje isinkwa, ngivumele ngihlele kulawa matafula, akunjalo? Kujabulisa kakhulu ukuhwebelana ngokuchofoza izinkinobho ezimbalwa kutheminali. Ngokulandelayo, izinsiza ezihlinzeka ngokuthi ziyazenzakalela ngokuvamile ziqala ngokuthi ulanda le mibiko mathupha bese uyilayisha ngokwenza. I-automation enhle kakhulu, ngifuna ukukutshela. Futhi manje sesihamba ngokushelelayo endleleni ezenzakalelayo yokubala le mibiko. Ngenhlanhla, abathengisi abancintisanayo bane-API elula nezinto ezihlukahlukene zalokhu.
Okuzenzakalelayo
Sizohlaziya sisebenzisa isibonelo sokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-Tinkoff kanye ne-API yazo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezicelo zokuthola imibiko:
Amabili okuqala anembe kakhulu, kuwo ikhomishana ekhokhelwayo ihlukaniswa nokuthi ithathwe kubani (ikhomishini yomthengisi, isikhungo sokushintshisana kanye nokuhlanza). Idatha kule mibiko yakhiwa ngemva kokuthi isicutshungulwe yibo bonke ababhidayo kumodi ye-T-3. Kodwa ngenkathi zipholile kakhulu futhi zinembile, okwamanje nazo zihamba kancane futhi ziyinkinga. Ngaphandle kokungena emininingwaneni, ngizoshiya izixhumanisi kuphela. Ngamafuphi, umbiko wokuqala wesiphazamisi ubusekuqaleni kukaJanuwari, kodwa usaqhubeka ungasebenzi https://github.com/Tinkoff/investAPI/issues/341 https://github.com/Tinkoff/investAPI/issues/367 https: //github.com/Tinkoff/investAPI/issues/370 Kodwa asibabambeli gqubu ngalokhu, ngoba siyaqonda ukuthi umuntu oyedwa nohhafu usebenzisa le misebenzi, ngandlela thize bayasebenza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, manje kunamacala abaluleke kakhulu mayelana nezijeziso nokunye. Ngakho-ke, siphendukela kunketho yesithathu. Isicelo semisebenzi ye -GetOperationsByCursor . Le ndlela akuyona enembile kakhulu, imininingwane yokuthengiselana ingashintsha ngaphambi kokuphothulwa embikweni womthengisi. Kodwa le ndlela ishesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngezinjongo ezijwayelekile zokuqonda. Ngiyisebenzisele ukudala isevisi yokubala ukugeleza kwezimali ku-akhawunti yomthengisi.
https://opexbot.info
Uma usithandile lesi sihloko futhi ufuna okwengeziwe, bhalisela isiteshi sami socingo .
Статья познавательная особенно на примере банка Тиньков, спасибо!