Kuenzaniswa ne2020, nhamba yevanoisa mari paMoscow Exchange ine kanopfuura katatu. Vatengi vazhinji vanotanga vasina ruzivo mumusika wemasheya uye vanoshanda nemabroker.
Ndiani broker uye anotambira sei
Bhuroka munhu ari pamutemo kana wechisikigo anoita mari yekutengeserana achimiririra uye nemubhadharo wemutengi. Pamasevhisi anopiwa, anogamuchira komisheni, iyo yakawanda inotangwa muchibvumirano chakapedzwa nemutengi. Mutengesi, maererano nemutemo weRussian Federation, anofanira kuva nerezinesi kubva kuCentral Bank. Pamusoro pemvumo yebasa rebrokerage, panogona kunge paine marezinesi emutengesi uye mabasa edhipoziti, manejimendi emidziyo, nezvimwe. Rondedzero yenyanzvi dzakatenderwa neCentral Bank inogona kuwanikwa pawebhusaiti yemutongi. Basa (basa) rebroker rinonyatsogadziriswa nemutemo. Vamwe vanotanga vanovhiringidza pfungwa dzebroker uye mutengesi. Mutengesi munhu akazvimiririra uyo, pamutengo wemari yake, ari kuita mukutengesa, kutenga zvinhu. Asi sezvo vanhu (vasina rezinesi) havagone kubhadharisa, kuita kutengeserana pane stock exchange, ivo vanodawo murevereri wepamutemo – zviri nani mutengesi ane pundutso. 
Brokerage commission
Makomisheni ekutengeserana akasiyana kune vakasiyana vatengesi, uyezve, mubhadharo unogona kubhadhariswa pakugadzirisa account, masevhisi edhipoziti (kuchengetwa kwezvivimbiso). Iyo stock exchange inotora imwe komisheni, iyo isingabatanidzwe mubhadharo yekomisheni yemaneja. Kana ichienzaniswa nenyika dzekunze, kunyanya United States, kune makomisheni akasarudzika, anobhadharwa papepa rakasiyana. MuRussian Federation, mamiriro acho akasiyana, pane imwe neimwe yekutengeserana mutengi achabhadhara mari yekomisheni. 
Kuwanda kwekutengesa kwaunoita, ndiko kunowedzera komisheni iyo broker anogashira – izvi zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti nei zvichibatsira kune bhuroka raunotengesa zvakanyanya.
Iwo anonyanya kufarirwa mabroker (anoverenga anoita purofiti) muRussia pakupera kwa2021:
| Popular Brokers | Rate | Mari yekutengeserana | Maintenance (mwedzi) | Depositary services |
| Tinkoff | “Mutengesi” | 0.025 – 0.05% | 290 rub. | mahara |
| Tinkoff | “Investor” | 0.3% | mahara | mahara |
| VTB | “My Online” | 0.05% | mahara | mahara |
| VTB | “Professional Standard” | 0.015 – 0.0472% | mahara | 150 rub. |
| BCS World of Investments | “Mutengesi” | 0.01 – 0.03% | 299 rub. | mahara |
| BCS World of Investments | “Investor” | 0.1% | mahara | mahara |
| Alfa Bank | “Tariff M” | 0.015 – 0.07% | 290 rub. | mahara |
| Alfa Bank | “Tariff S” | 0.03% | mahara | mahara |
| Sberbank | “Investor” | 0.018 – 0.3% | mahara | mahara |
Munhu anodyara mari akadyara mumasheya uye akamirira kuti kukosha kwavo kusimuke hakubatsiri uye hakufadze maneja. Kuwanda kwekuchinja kwekutengeserana, mari yake inowanda!
Makomisheni ebroker anonyanya kuita mari – chokwadi kana ngano?
Muchokwadi, makomisheni anobatsira emutengi haapo. Chero zvazvingava, mubhadhari achabhadhara maneja uye kwete kubva kune purofiti. Mari yebroker haibatanidzi purofiti yemutengi, asi yehuwandu hwemabasa anoitwa paaccount.
Iyo broker haisi shamwari kune investor, hazvina basa kwaari kana kutengeserana kwacho kwaibatsira. Achagamuchira muripo wake wakavimbiswa mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu!
Margin lending
Kukwikwidzana kukuru mumisika yemasheya kunodzosera kumashure kukura kwemitengo, izvo zvinoreva kuti zvakanyanya kuoma kuita mari sebroker. Kuti uwedzere huwandu hwekutengeserana kunoitwa nevashambadziri, vatengesi vanopa margin kukweretesa. Cash kana securities zvinopihwa nemubhadharo webroker kana mamwe macustomer’s own investments. Chikwereti chakadaro chinochengetedzwa nemidziyo yemubhadharisi. Nhamba yemargin inowanzopfuura huwandu hwechibatiso. Sarudzo yekubatanidza otomatiki chikwereti chemari inowanikwa muzvirongwa zvakawanda zvemitero. Kana pasina midziyo yakakwana yekupedzisa kutengeserana, imwe mari inoiswa otomatiki. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vatengesi vanogashira mubereko wavo pachikwereti nekuunza yavo capital, pamwe nekuwedzera kufarira kwekutengeserana. Kana mari yekudyara ikatorwa kubva kumaakaundi evamwe vatengi, ivo vanobhadharwa mwero wakaderera we0, 05% pagore. Iyo kaviri brokerage inobatsira iri pachena. Somuenzaniso, VTB Bank inopa mari (mari) chikwereti muRubles pamwero we16,8% pagore (KUREFU – nzvimbo yakareba), mumari yekunze – 4,5%. Bank Kuvhurwa kubva 16%, mune yekunze mari kubva 3.7% (zvichienderana tariff chirongwa uye kuchengeteka). Securities margin loan (REPO) – VTB Bank (SHORT – pfupi nzvimbo) – 13% muRubles, mune imwe nyika mari – 4,5%. Kazhinji REPO inopihwa kwenguva pfupi.
Kukwereta kweMargin ndeimwe purofiti, ine purofiti yekushambadzira yekufambisa. Zvinoitika kuti maneja anopa chikwereti chemari, anogamuchira mubereko wake kubva kwairi, kuwedzera mubereko pane kutengeserana, uye mabasa ese aya anochengetedzwa nemidziyo yemutengi.
Pfupi
Pfupi (zvinzvimbo zvipfupi kana kutengesa) imwe sevhisi inopihwa nemabhuroka kuti iwedzere mari. Kana maitiro (tarisiro) yekudonha kwemamwe masheya, investor anosarudza kuvatengesa. Maneja anogona kupa zano, kukwereta migove, kuatengesa, uye kana mutengo wavo waderera, tenga zvakare. Musiyano kubva pakutengeserana kwakadaro uchave mubairo wemuridzi. Mutengesi achagamuchira migove yake semubhadharo wechikwereti + mubereko wekutengeserana. Kana migove ichikura mumutengo, ipapo mutengi achafanira kutenga zvinodhura, kuchengetedzwa kwekutengeserana kwakadaro zvinhu zvake. Ndiani broker uye anoitei pakuchinjana: https://youtu.be/9-MfgQCTxJo
Investment Products
Zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa ndeyekudyara kwepakati pakati pevakazvimiririra kana vanovimbwa navo. Mutengi anogona kusarudza kuti ndezvipi zviwanikwa zvekudyara mariri, nhanho yekubatsira uye njodzi, uye mazwi.
Kuvimba manejimendi kuraira kune broker kuti atore zvizere midziyo. Kazhinji, iyo nguva yekuvimba manejimendi makore matatu. Zviri pachena kuti kugamuchirwa kwemari kunoenderana zvachose nemaneja uye haina kuvimbiswa kune investor.
Kusiyana nebroker, iyo yakavimbiswa mari yekomisheni yekutonga kweasset uye kune yega yega kutengeserana kunoitwa nemuitisi, pasina kuwana mari, ichabhadharwa kune maneja. Kuitira kukwezva vatengi vakawanda, uye nekudaro kuwedzera kudzoserwa kwemari, vatengesi vari kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvekudyara. Sezvauri kuona, % yemazano ekudyara yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura % yepurofiti yavo:
Maitiro ekudzikisa kurasikirwa kana uchitengesa kuburikidza nebroker – zvinogoneka
Usati waisa mari kuti ushande pane stock exchange, unofanirwa kudzidza musika wemari. Kuti ushande pamusika wemasheya, kutanga pane zvese, haudi iyo inobatsira zvakanyanya, asi yakavimbika broker yekudyara. Kuti uwane hukama hwakanaka nemaneja, unofanirwa kusarudza:
- ndezvipi zvinhu zvekuisa mari mukati (zvisungo, masheya, nezvimwewo), mari;
- purofiti inodiwa yechigadzirwa;
- mazwi ekutsvaga mari (asingagumi, akagadziriswa).
Nyatsodzidza zvinyorwa:
- usati wasayina chibvumirano, iva nechokwadi chekuverenga chiziviso chengozi;
- dzidza chibvumirano, tsvaga kuti sei uye rinhi, mamiriro ekubvisa zvese kana chikamu chemari (mainvestimenti haana insured!).
Kana mubhadhari achigutsikana nemamiriro ese, kondirakiti inosainwa uye mari inoiswa muaccount. Kusainwa kwechibvumirano kunogona kuitika kure. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti nguva nenguva utarise mushumo, mamiriro eakaunti, funga kuti ingani mabroker pane stock exchange anowana pane ako emari transaction. Kana mutengi akafunga kuti zano remaneja harina kurongeka, sarudzo yekuchinjira kune imwe tariff inodiwa inofanira kukurukurwa.
Mhedziso: mabhuroka anofarira mune vatengesi vanotengesa kakawanda uye kakawanda. Mihoro yavo inoenderana zvachose nehuwandu hwezvibvumirano zvakaitwa.
Pamusika weRussia, makambani anonyanya kufarirwa ebrokerage anotora zvikamu zvezana muzana zvekutengesa izvo zvisingawanzo kuitwa. Asi kana mutengi achishingairira kutengeserana, uye kutengeserana kunopedzwa nemari yakawanda, saka komisheni inogona kuve yakakosha. Kuvandudzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva kunowedzera mutengi, uye nekudaro kubuda kwemari. Kunyange bhuroka inobatsira zvikuru muRussia inoshanda kuti iwane, kutanga kune zvose, bhenefiti yayo, uye kechipiri kuitira betsero yemuridzi. Kunyangwe zviri izvo chaizvo nekuda kwehuwandu hwevatengi uye kutengeserana kunoitwa naye kuti mari yake yese inoumbwa. Basa guru remutengesi nderekutsvaga “goridhe zvinoreva”, kukwezva vanoshingaira kutengesa vatengi, vachivapa mari yakagadzikana, kana zvichibvira, uye kugamuchira mari yavo yepamutemo.
