Walasa jagokɛyɔrɔ ka yiriwa ka ɲɛ, a ka kan ka jateminɛ kɛ sɔrɔ dɔrɔn na, nka a ka kan fana ka jateminɛ kɛ musakaw fana na. Musakaw tilalen don waati kelen na ani musaka basigilenw na. Tuma caman na, u bɛ tali kɛ minɛn kuraw sanni na, ka fɛnw caya. Baarakɛlaw bɛ baara kɛ kabini tuma jan ni daɲɛw ye i n’a fɔ OPEX ani CAPEX, walasa k’a faamuya a bɛ min kan, a ka ɲi i k’i yɛrɛ dɔn a kɛcogo dɔw la.
OPEX ye mun ye (baara musakaw, baara musakaw) – kunnafoni caman
Baarakɛla caman minnu b’a fɛ ka baara kɛ, olu t’a dɔn OPEX ye min ye, o de y’a to u bɛ filiw kɛ ni u bɛ decrypter kɛ. Daɲɛ in bɛ baara musakaw de jira, musaka minnu bɛ sɔrɔ, sosiyete tɛ se ka minnu to a ka baara la. I n’a fo:
- yɔrɔw/minɛnw jate sarali;
- baarakɛlaw ka sarako;
- fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw sanni;
- asiransi sarali, impositi sarali;
- nafamafɛnw sarali, baara musaka wɛrɛw.
Ka fara OPEX kan, wari sarali fana bɛ sɔrɔ baarakɛlaw ka baarakɛyɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ka baara la. Misali la, a bɛ se ka kɛ avoka ye, porogaramukɛlaw. A tɛ i n’a fɔ CapEx, baara musakaw bɛ bɔ waati kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ sɔrɔ fan fɛ cogo dafalen na, o min bɛ bɔ a cogoya la min bɛ kɛ tuma bɛɛ.
CAPEX ni OPEX – danfara min bɛ u ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ
Ni an ye CAPEX ni OPEX jateminɛ, danfara min bɛ u ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, o ye nin ye:
- Musow ka musaka jiralanw . Sariya la, musaka minnu bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛsin kapitali musakaw ma, olu bɛ wariba caman jira ni u bɛ tali kɛ OPEX la.
- sarali minnu bɛ kɛ siɲɛ caman . A nafa ka bon ka faamuya ko baara musakaw la, kalo o kalo, kapitali – siɲɛ kelen kalo saba kɔnɔ, san kɔnɔ.
- A jirali la kunnafonidi la . Kapitali musakaw bɛ wuli cogo labɛnnen na ka taa nafolo sɔngɔ la, ka segin u kan bilankɔrɔ yɔrɔ la min tɔgɔ ye ko “Kapitali ni reserves”. O waati kelen na, Opex tɔgɔ sɛbɛnnen bɛ Tɔnɔ ni Tɔnɔ yɔrɔ la.
Ka fara o kan, danfara bɛ kɔlɔsi nafolo sɔrɔyɔrɔw la. Kapitali musakaw bɛ bɔ mɔgɔ yɛrɛ ka kapitali la, juruw laɲinitaw walima waridonw kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la. Baara musakaw ta fan fɛ, ka bɔ wari hakɛw la minnu sɔrɔla sɔrɔ walima juru fɛ walasa ka baarakɛnafolo falen. https://barokunw.opexflow.com/nafolodonniw/capex.htm
Mun na a nafa ka bon waridonna ka OPEX jateminɛ
Sosiyete o sosiyete tigiw b’a fɛ ka musakaw dɔgɔya kosɛbɛ walasa ka dɔ bɔ takasi hakɛ la tɔnɔw kan. Nka, waridonna ka kan ka kunnafoni dafalenw dɔn baara sɔrɔta jɛlen kan. O la, baara musakaw ye fɔlɔfɔlɔ kunnafonidilanw sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye musakaw siratigɛ la. Investisseurs bɛ sosiyete ka baara jateminɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sɔrɔ yɔrɔ kunkurunnin sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye ani a nɔfɛkow tɔnɔ jɛlen na. O de kosɔn, ni coefficient dɔgɔyara ni sɔrɔko nafaw cayara waati kelen na, o b’a jira ko fɛn ɲuman bɛ ka ɲɛsin baarakɛda yiriwali ma. O de kama, a ka kan ka ɲɛmɔgɔyaso ka jatebɔ kunnafoniw kalan ani bilankɔrɔ “Tɔnɔ ni Tɔnɔ jatebɔ” farankan, min bɛ sɔrɔko jiralan lakikaw jira.
Sosiyete kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ ka OPEX kalancogo, a bɛ sɔrɔ yɔrɔ min na ani a bɛ min ɲini
Baara musakaw baara kunba ye ka taamasiyɛnba dɔ sigi senkan waati kelen na ni bonya hakɛw ye minnu tɛ nɔ jugu bila baarakɛda yiriwali la, ka sɔrɔ ka se baarakɛnafolo sɔrɔta hakɛ ma waati kelen na. O hakɛ bɛɛ lajɛlen bɛ bɔ nin fɛn ninnu na:
- fɛn dilannenw ni feeretaw hakɛw hakɛ hakɛ . Dɔ farali sɔrɔli seko ni feereli la, o bɛ garanti di ka dɔ fara musaka caman kan, ka sɔrɔ ka musakaw dɔgɔya ;
- baarakɛwaati nafa bɛɛ ye waati fitinin ye, n’a ka surun, juruw sarali musakaw bɛ dɔgɔya, fɛnw marali, fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw bɔnɛni nafama na sosiyete kɔnɔ
- baarakɛlaw ka baara kɛcogo jiralan lakikaw . O bɛ nɔ bila sara musakaw la k’a ɲɛsin u yɛrɛ ma;
- sɛnɛfɛnw nafa dɔgɔyali hakɛ .
Ka fara o kan, a wajibiyalen don ka i janto kɛnɛyako la, a ka c’a la, a bɛ fɔ minnu ma ko:
- fɛn dilannenw sɔngɔ bonya hakɛ jamana kɔnɔ ;
- ko kɛlenw cogoya lakika min bɛ sɔrɔ jamana kɔnɔ, fɛnw ni baarakɛminɛnw suguya la;
- dɔ farali hakɛ kan kalo o kalo jatebɔ la.
A ka kan fana ka jateminɛ kɛ impositi hakɛw caya la, o min bɛ na ni dɔ farali ye a yɛrɛma wariko doni kan baarakɛda kan.
Jateblaw kɛcogo formula
Walasa ka baara sɔrɔta yɔrɔ jɛlen nafa dɔn, i ka kan ka baara kɛ ni nin formula in ye:
NH u003d VP – OR, min kɔnɔ
- VP – tɔnɔba sɔrɔta ;
- OR – baara musakaw.
Tɔnɔ bɛɛ lajɛlen bɛ sɔrɔ min na, n’o tɛ impositi ye min bɛ sɔrɔ nafamafɛnw kan (PIB). Baara musakaw tɛ ninnu ye:
- nafa dɔgɔyali sɔrɔlen – min bɛ don kapitali musakaw la ;
- tɔnɔ sɔrɔlenw juru dafalenw kan.
Baara musaka hakɛ bɛ dɔn ni nin formula in ye :
Cor = OR / VPx100%. Nafa min bɛ sɔrɔ o la, o bɛ sɔrɔ sɔrɔlen kɛmɛsarada la lakika jira, min kun ye ka sosiyete ka baara sabatili labɛn. Sɔrɔ jɛlen bonya bɛ na ni Kɔr dɔgɔyali ye ani ka tɔnɔba caya waati kelen na. Baarakɛnafolo sɔrɔta hakɛ bɛ nafa sɔrɔ hakɛ dɔ jira min bɛ baara sɔrɔta hakɛ kɛmɛsarada la jiralen jira ni sosiyete ka tɔnɔ ye. Baarakɛda bɛɛ ka wariko cogoya n’a sabatili bɛ bɔ GCD de la k’a ɲɛsin a ma. Jateminɛ bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni nin formula in ye :
Nop = OD / VPx100, min kɔnɔ
OD ye baarakɛnafolo ye, o bɛ danfara jira sɔrɔ lakika ni baarakɛ musakaw cɛ.
Nafama : baara sɔrɔta ni nafa min bɛ sɔrɔ ka kɔn impositi ɲɛ, olu tɛ hakilina kelenw ye.
Walasa ka fili danmadɔw bɔ yen, a ka ɲi ka jatebɔ kɛ misali kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ kan. Sosiyete in bɛ baara kɛ ni baarakɛminɛnw dicogo ye doni tali labɛnni kama. Kunnafoni fɔlɔw:
- biro sarali (jagokɛyɔrɔ) – miliyɔn 1,275 ye ;
- bolifɛnw jɔyɔrɔ sara bɛnkansɛbɛn dɔ kɔnɔ – 637 ba 637 ;
- bolifɛnw ka fɛnw sanni – 450 ba rubles ;
- baarakɛlaw ka sara – miliyɔn 6,45 ;
- banki baara sɔrɔli – 37,5 ba rubles ;
- telefɔni selilɛriw ka kumaɲɔgɔnya sarali – 412,5 ba 412,5 ;
- musaka wɛrɛw – wari ba 525 ;
- tɔnɔba ye miliyɔn 12 ye .
Jateminɛ bɛ kɛ nin cogo la : OD = 1,275 + 0,637 + 0,45 + 6,45 + 0,0375 + 0,4125 + 0,525 = 9,78 miliyɔn ye. Ka da kunnafoniw sɔrɔlenw kan, jatebɔ bɛ kɛ : Kor = 9,78/12 = 81,5%. O cogo la, baara sɔrɔta hakɛ ye : 21,78 miliyɔn ye. (9,78 + 12) ye. O sariya ye 18,4% ye (21,78/12). O la, baara sɔrɔta sigilen don 18,4% ye tɔnɔba sɔrɔlen na. Kunnafoni sɔrɔlenw sababu la, an bɛ se k’a fɔ ni dannaya ye ko 81,6% tɔ bɛ baara kɛ ni sosiyete ye walasa ka baara musakaw dafa.
Reference : sɔrɔ hakɛ caman cili taabolo bɛ ladilikan di kosɛbɛ walasa ka tugu ɲɔgɔn kɔ ka ɲɛsin dinamikiw ma. Ni dɔ farala taamasiyɛn kan, an bɛ se ka kuma jago kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ nafa bonya teliya kan ni lafiya ye.
Ka fara o kan, sɔrɔ hakɛ bɛ bɔ sosiyete ka bonya la k’a ɲɛsin a yɛrɛ ma. Misali min bɛ jateminɛ na, taamasiyɛn in tɛ bonya kosɛbɛ, o bɛ bɔ a la ko a tɛ se ka kɛ ni baara musakaw tɛ. O de kosɔn, dɔnnikɛlaw b’a jira ko baara kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw bɛ jate fɛn jɔnjɔn ye min ka kan ka jateminɛ jatebɔw senfɛ.