Ndeipi rezinesi yekusarudza paGitHub: mhando, kuenzanisa

Nzira yekusarudza rezinesi reGitHub uye nei zvakakosha kuita sarudzo chaiyo? GitHub ndiyo sevhisi hombe yekuvandudza kwakabatana kweIT mapurojekiti uye yavo inotevera yekutambira. Nerubatsiro rwesevhisi iyi yewebhu, nhamba isingaverengeki yevanhu vanogona kushanda purojekiti kamwechete, uye kubva zvachose chero kupi zvako munyika. GitHub zvakare ine manejimendi kana yekudzora sisitimu iyo inokutendera iwe kuti utarise uye kudzora zvachose shanduko dzese dzakaitwa nevagadziri nekufamba kwenguva, uye zvakare inobvumidza iwe kuti udzokere kune iyo nyika yakaitika shanduko isati yachinja.
Asi kutaura zviri nyore, GitHub ndiyo inonzi social network yevagadziri uye vanogadzira, kwaunogona kuwana, uye wozodzidzira pamakodhi kubva kune vamwe vanogadzira. Iwe unogona zvakare kuchengeta yako portfolio paGitHub. Kazhinji, GitHub ibasa rakanyatsokodzera kune vese vanogadzira vanogadzira uye vane ruzivo programmers. Nekudaro, vashandisi vesevhisi iyi dzimwe nguva vanogona kuve nemimwe mibvunzo nezvekusarudza rezinesi, sezvo sarudzo yavo paine akasiyana.

Chii chinonzi GitHub rezinesi

Rezinesi igwaro rakakosha rakavambwa nefomu rehurumende uye rinokutendera kuti uite mune imwe mhando yezvekuita bhizinesi, iyo pasina kutadza inoda kutariswa kwakakosha kubva kudivi renyika. Asi, kazhinji, mukuita, zvibvumirano zverezinesi zvakapfupikiswa chete kana zvibvumirano zvinopa kuburitswa kwemarezinesi emutemo wakazvimirira ndizvo zvinoshandiswa. Kazhinji, rezinesi rinotevera rimwe chete, asi chinangwa chakanyanya kukosha, ichi chibvumirano chezvisungo uye kodzero pakati peane rezinesi neane rezinesi. Aya mabasa nekodzero zvinogona kuva chero chinhu, asi mukati mehurongwa hwemutemo. Muenzaniso unozivikanwa ndewekuti mupi werezinesi angangoda kuti zita remuridzi wekodzero ridikanwe kana uchishandisa basa neane rezinesi. Kana, semuenzaniso, bvumidza basa rekukopa, asi rambidza zvachose kuchinjwa kwayo. Kana, kuburitsa izvo zvinodiwa kuti basa riburitswe pamamiriro akafanana neaya ekutanga, uye zvichingodaro, kune yakawanda kwazvo mienzaniso yekuisa pamberi akasiyana mamiriro.

Asi, zvakare, hatifanire kukanganwa kuti rezinesi rinochengetedza kodzero dzeasiri murezinesi chete, asiwo ane rezinesi. Sezvo mairi iwe unogona kuona zvakajeka uye kuverenga mamiriro ose ekushandisa basa, uye naizvozvo haafaniri kutya kuti mupi werezinesi achangoerekana akumbira kubviswa chero kupi zvako kana chero imwe muripo wekushandiswa kwebasa rake.

Kana iwe ukaramba kushandisa rezinesi rine chekuita nebasa, copyrights ichiri kushanda zvinoenderana nemitemo yepamutemo inoshanda mune imwe nyika. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kusavapo kwerezinesi hazvireve kuti vamwe vanyori vanogona kushandisa chirongwa ichi chero nzira yavanoda. Zvese zvakapesana, nekuti pasina chero rezenisi chairo, mugadziri wacho hapana mhosva anosiya kodzero dzakapihwa nemutemo. Zvakakoshawo kugara uchiyeuka kuti rezinesi rinotonga kodzero dzese nezvisungo. Izvi ndezvekudzivirira muridzi webasa kubva kune zvinotarisirwa nemushandisi uye zvinorehwa newaranti. Mushure mezvose, hapana anoda kuti kodhi yavo ipedze mudare nenzira ipi zvayo.

Chii chinonzi copyright

Copyright inowanikwa mumunhu chete apo, semugumisiro wekushanda kwepfungwa, anogadzira rimwe basa richave rakasiyana, asi panguva imwechete inobatsira, somuenzaniso, unogona kutora kunyorwa kwepurogiramu imwe chete. Kana zvese zviri pamusoro zvaitwa, munhu anova munyori uye iye zvino ane kodzero dzese dzebasa iri. Zvinofanira zvakare kutaurwa kuti copyrights ipfuma uye isiri-pfuma. Musiyano wavo ndewekuti kodzero dzezvivakwa dzinogona kuendeswa kune chero munhu, asi kodzero dzisiri dzepfuma dzinogara dzichingogara nemunyori mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu. Mushure mezvose, kuve munyori ikodzero isingachinjike uye isingachinjiki.

Chii chinonzi Open Source rezinesi?

Uyuwo mubvunzo wakakurumbira pakati pevagadziri vevanotanga nevagadziri vepurogiramu, sezvo vasinganzwisisi kuti nei rezinesi richifanira kusungirirwa kumapurojekiti avo, nekuti pasina iyo purojekiti inogonawo kuvapo chinyararire. Nekudaro, ichi hachisi chokwadi zvachose, nekuti kana, semuenzaniso, mumwe mugadziri weanovanzi akanyora imwe yakakosha uye inobatsira chidimbu chekodhi, asi asina kuidzivirira nerezinesi, saka vamwe vashandisi vane mibvunzo. Uye chaizvo nekuda kweizvi, kana vatengi vachiuya kwaari uye vachida kushandisa chidimbu ichi chekodhi nekuda kwezvinangwa zvavo zvekutengesa, vanoona kuti iyo kodhi haina chero rezinesi uye vanongoiramba. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti makambani haangoshandisi kodhi pasina rezinesi, nekuti haadi matambudziko nemutemo nemagweta.
Uye ndosaka kunyangwe iyo inonyanya kubatsira uye iri nyore purojekiti haizombofa yaitwa. Uye mugadziri aida kutora chidimbu ichi chekodhi anozofanira kutsvaga nekushandisa imwe nzira, kana kunyora zvachose iyo kodhi yakanga yatonyorwa kare nemugadziri wekutanga. Ndosaka zviri nani kuve nechokwadi pachine nguva kuti mugadziri ari kushandisa iyo chaiyo, uye inonyanya kukosha, yakakodzera rezinesi. Kuongorora GitHub mune imwe vhidhiyo dzidziso mumaminetsi gumi nemashanu: https://youtu.be/JfpCicDUMKc

Ndeipi GitHub rezinesi yakakodzera mune mamwe mamiriro – maitiro ekusarudza?

Panogona kunge pasina mhinduro chaiyo kumubvunzo uyu, sezvo kusarudzwa kwerezinesi kunoenderana chete nezvinangwa zvepurojekiti uye pane zvaunofarira uye zvishuwo zvemugadziri pachake. Sezvauri kuona, kune akawanda akasiyana marezinesi paGitHub, uye zvakanyanya kukosha, ese akasununguka uye ari munharaunda yeruzhinji, zvinoreva kuti wega programmer anogona kuwana
Open Source rezinesi iro rinonyatsoenderana nebasa rake. Asi, zvakanyanya kukosha, hatifanire kukanganwa kuti Open Source rezinesi haingori kodhi isina rezinesi. Nekutsvagisa kudiki, unogona kuunganidza ese Open Source marezinesi uye woakamura kuita mapoka makuru matatu:

1. Kudzivirira zvakasimba.
2. Weakly kudzivirira.
3. Anobvumira.

kudzivirira zvakasimba

Kuchengetedza marezinesi zvakanyanya kazhinji kusiyanisa kweGPL. Aya marezinesi anoda kupihwa rezenisi repurojekiti pamwe nekuburitswa kwemakodhi macode, zvisinei nekuti chero kodhi kana chirongwa chichashandiswa sei kana chakatoshandiswa.

Weakly kudzivirira

Kuchengetedza zvisina simba marezinesi anowanzo mutsauko weIdiki GPL. Mune musiyano mukuru kubva kumarezinesi emvumo ndewekuti pano zvinongodiwa kuti uitewo rezinesi chirongwa pasi peGPL rezinesi, pamwe nekupa iwo masource code pasina kutadza. Panguva imwecheteyo, kana paine raibhurari muchirongwa chemugadziri, ndiko kuti, static linking kana dynamic linking pasi pe LGPL rezinesi, zvino ichaenderana nechero marezinesi epurojekiti yemugadziri uyu.
Panotsanangurwa mhando yerezinesi yeGitHub[/ Caption]

bvumira

Kune nhamba yakati wandei yemarezinesi ekubvumidza, mumapoka avo marezinesi anonyanya kufarirwa iMIT, Apache 2.0, uye BSD. Nekusiyana kudiki, marezinesi aya ane kugona kubvumidza kushandiswa kwekodhi muOpen Source mapurojekiti uye nekuda kwekutengesa uye mapurojekiti. Asi, munyaya iyi, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti zvakakosha kuratidza kunyorwa kwepurogiramu yepakutanga.

Mamwe marezinesi eGitHub ane mukurumbira

Pamusoro pemapoka matatu aya emarezinesi, kune zvakare mamwe, semuenzaniso, imwe yemarezinesi anonyanya kukosha ndeye GPLv2 ine classpath extensions. Rezinesi iri rinogona kushandiswa kune ese ari maviri Open source mapurojekiti uye mapurojekiti ekutengesa uye zvinangwa. Chitarisiko chayo chinonyanya kufarirwa chiri paOracle, inoshandisa GPLv2 ine classpath yekuwedzera yekupa rezinesi mapurojekiti ayo uye mhinduro. Iri rezinesi rakakosha uye rinobatsira, sezvo marezinesi eGPL enguva dzose, semuenzaniso, haazombo kwanisa kubata nebytecode. Ndiko kuti, vane tsananguro yakakosha yekuunganidza uye yekubatanidza nzira, iyo isingakodzeri zvachose kune mimwe mitauro yakadudzirwa yekuronga, iyo inonyanya kufarirwa mutauro weJava uri pakati pemitauro yakadaro. Izvo ndezvenyaya dzakadai iyo yakakosha rezinesi GPLv2 ine classpath extensions yakaburitswa. Mushure mezvose, inotaura zvakajeka uye zvakajeka kuti raibhurari yakaburitswa pasi perezinesi iri inogona kushandiswa kumapurojekiti ekutengesa uye zvinangwa nechero chero rezenisi.
Chii chimwe chaunoda kuziva
nezveGitHub marezinesi .

Kuwedzera rezinesi

Mushure mekunge rezinesi rekupedzisira rasarudzwa, rinosara chete kuti riwedzere kumudzi weprojekiti pachayo. Kuti uite chiitiko ichi, iwe unofanirwa kungowedzera rezinesi rakasarudzwa pasi pemudzi weprojekiti panguva yekugadzira purojekiti pachayo kana chero imwe nguva. Asi kunyangwe muchiito ichi, iyo GitHub webhu sevhisi yakakwanisa kutarisira vashandisi vayo uye vakaita nzira iri nyore yekuwedzera rezinesi rekupedzisira kunyangwe pakutanga kweprojekiti pachayo.
Nekudaro, zvinosuruvarisa, izvi hazvisi zvese, sezvo mugadziri kana programmer anofanirwa kutarisa zvachose zvese zvinotsamira zvakashandiswa mune yake pfungwa kana chirongwa. Ndokunge, kana nyangwe imwe yezvinotsamira yakaburitswa pasi perezinesi reGPL, saka zvachose chirongwa chemugadziri chinofanira kunge chiri GPL inoenderana. Nekusimbisa kwakadaro, zvirongwa zvakambogadzirwa kana maturusi anowanzo shandiswa pane izvi. Semuenzaniso, pane chishandiso cheichi https://github.com/pivotal/LicenseFinder:
Tinogona kutaura kuti rezinesi ibasa rinotora nguva, asi panguva imwechete chiito chinodiwa chehupenyu hwepurojekiti kana chero zano remugadziri. Kuti usarudze rezinesi rakakodzera, zvinosuruvarisa, iwe unofanirwa kupedza nguva yakawanda, zvisinei, zvakakosha kuti chirongwa chibudirire. Zvakanakisa kuisa sarudzo yerezinesi munzvimbo yekutanga paunenge uchinyora chero chirongwa, nekuti nekuita izvi pakutanga, unogona kutungamira zvachose kuedza kwako munzira kwayo uye kunyora chirongwa chinozobudirira uye chakanakira vazhinji. vashandisi.